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Biker’s Nodule: A Perineal Nodular Induration of the Cyclist

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The future of retinal gene therapy: evolving from subretinal to intravitreal vector delivery

Advances in Sexual Medicine 2012年第1期

作者： Alakeel Abdullah halabi-tawil maya Besseige Henri Crickx Béatrice Descamps Vincent

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1751-1759页

作者： maya Ross Ron Ofri Koret School of Veterinary Medicine The Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael

Inherited retinal degenerations are a leading and untreatbale cause of blindness, and as such they are targets for gene therapy. Numerous gene therapy treatments have progressed from laboratory research to clinical trails, and a pioneering gene therapy received the first ever FDA approval for treating patients. However, currently retinal gene therapy mostly involves subretinal injection of the therapeutic agent, which treats a limited area, entails retinal detachment and other potential complications, and requires general anesthesia with consequent risks, costs and prolonged recovery. Therefore there is great impetus to develop safer, less invasive and cheapter methods of gene delivery. A promising method is intravitreal injection, that does not cause retinal detachment, can lead to pan-retinal transduction and can be performed under local anesthesia in outpatient clinics. Intravitreally-injected vectors face several obstacles. First, the vector is diluted by the vitreous and has to overcome a long diffusion distance to the target cells. Second, the vector is exposed to the host's immune response, risking neutralization by pre-existing antibodies and triggering a stronger immune response to the injection. Third, the vector has to cross the inner limiting membrane which is both a physical and a biological barrier as it contains binding sites that could cause the vector's sequestration. Finally, in the target cell the vector is prone to proteasome degradation before delivering the transgene to the nucleus. Strategies to overcome these obstacles include modifications of the viral capsid, through rational design or directed evolution, which allow resistance to the immune system, enhancement of penetration through the inner limiting membrane or reduced degradation by intracellular proteasomes. Furthermore, physical and chemical manipulations of the inner limiting membrane and vitreous aim to improve vector penetration. Finally, compact non-viral vectors that can overcome

关键词： adeno-associated virus animal model blindness gene therapy inner limiting membrane photoreceptors retina retinitis pigmentosa vitreous

PRECONDITIONING THE INCOMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS WITH VARIABLE VISCOSITY

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2012年第5期30卷 461-482页

作者： Xin He maya Neytcheva Department of Information Technology Uppsala University Sweden

This paper deals with preconditioners for the iterative solution of the discrete Oseen problem with variable viscosity. The motivation of this work originates from numerical simulations of multiphase flow, governed by the coupled Cahn-Hilliard and incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The impact of variable viscosity on some known precondition- ing technique is analyzed. Theoretical considerations and numerical experiments show that some broadly used preconditioning techniques for the Oseen problem with constant viscosity are also efficient when the viscosity is vaxving.

关键词： Navier-Stokes equations Saddle point systems Augmented Lagrangian Finiteelements Iterative methods Preconditioning.

Integrating value-chain approach with participatory multicriteria analysis for sustainable planning of a niche crop in Indian Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第10期16卷 2417-2434页

作者： Sudeshna maya SEN Arun KANSAL Coca-Cola Department of Regional Water Studies TERI School of Advanced Studies

The value-chain approach(VCA)was used for exploring how a niche crop,namely large cardamom(Amomum subulatum Roxb.),can be developed sustainably to increase incomes and enhance rural livelihoods in the *** cardamom is a high-value,agro-climatically suitable,and non-perishable spice crop grown in the Himalayan *** in Sikkim,the crop is important to the local economy and is sold in both domestic and international markets;however,its production in India has been declining significantly in recent *** VCA and participatory methods of data collection the study helped elicit value chain actors’perspectives on various reasons for the decline as well as potential strategies to improve the cardamom value *** results present the multiple environmental and climatic(*** stress),social(*** participation)and institutional(*** of trust between actors)challenges and corresponding upgrading *** participatory multi-criteria analysis(MCA),the strategies were prioritized based on the overall preferences of multiple *** analysis considered eight criteria and 25 options,or strategies,and found that that marketability and profitability were the most important criteria,and increasing cardamom production,the most important *** discussions along with sensitivity analysis also showed how these options could be implemented and revealed how criteria preferences can change with expert *** combination of VCA and MCA,because it supports participatory decision-making and balances multiple dimensions of sustainable development,can be effectively deployed in planning for agricultural development in the mountains.

关键词： Large Cardamom Participatory decision-making Upgrading strategies Climate change adaptation Sikkim Sustainable Value Chain

Hematologic manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 12818-12838页

作者： Germán Campuzano-maya Group of Clinical Pathology Laboratorio Clínico Hematológico Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia 53108 Medellín Colombia

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most common infection in humans, with a marked disparity between developed and developing countries. Although H. pylori infections are asymptomatic in most infected individuals, they are intimately related to malignant gastric conditions such as gastric cancer and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and to benign diseases such as gastritis and duodenal and gastric peptic ulcers. Since it was learned that bacteria could colonize the gastric mucosa, there have been reports in the medical literature of over 50 extragastric manifestations involving a variety medical areas of specialization. These areas include cardiology, dermatology, endocrinology, gynecology and obstetrics, hematology, pneumology, odontology, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology and pediatrics, and they encompass conditions with a range of clear evidence between the H. pylori infection and development of the disease. This literature review covers extragastric manifestations of H. pylori infection in the hematology field. It focuses on conditions that are included in international consensus and management guides for H. pylori infection, specifically iron deficiency, vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency, immune thrombocytopenia, and MALT lymphoma. In addition, there is discussion of other conditions that are not included in international consensus and management guides on H. pylori, including auto-immune neutropenia, antiphospholipid syndrome, plasma cell dyscrasias, and other hematologic diseases.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Iron deficiency Immune thrombocytopenia Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma Vitamin B12 deficiency

A new age in understanding adult hippocampal neurogenesis in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2615-2618页

作者： maya A.Hanspal Sébastien Gillotin MRL London Discovery MSDLondon Bioscience Innovation CentreLondonUK

Several lines of evidence have established that proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons within the sub-granular zone of the dentate gyrus,a process named adult hippocampal neurogenesis,contribute to maintaining healthy cognitive functions throughout *** rate of adult hippocampal neurogenesis decreases with aging and a premature impairment of adult hippocampal neurogenesis has been observed both in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease and human post-mortem *** causal relationship between adult hippocampal neurogenesis and the development of Alzheimer’s disease pathology has,however,not been *** is partly due to the limitation of recapitulating the development of Alzheimer’s disease pathology in rodent models and the lack of translatable biomarkers to identify tractable targets in *** it is tempting to postulate that adult hippocampal neurogenesis could be leveraged to improve cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease,consensual results have yet to be reached to fully explore this *** this review,we discuss how the recent progress in identifying molecular pathways in adult hippocampal neurogenesis provides a good framework to initiate strategies for drug-based intervention in neurodegenerative diseases,especially in Alzheimer’s *** outline how discrepancies in pre-clinical disease models and experimental methodology have resulted in contradictory findings and propose a shift towards using more translatable approaches to model neurogenesis in Alzheimer’s *** particular,we review how exploring novel experimental paradigms including the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells and more complex cell culture systems,as well as standardizing protocols used to investigate evidence of neurogenesis in human tissues,could deliver deeper mechanistic insights that would kick-start innovative drug discovery efforts to promote healthy aging and cellular rejuvenation.

关键词： adult hippocampal neurogenesis Alzheimer’s disease cognition human tissue induced pluripotent stem cell mouse models neurodegeneration therapeutics tractable target

Mechanism of sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction： role of protein kinases

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第6期14卷 816-821页

作者： Debby Ickowicz maya Finkelstein Haim Breitbart The Mina & Everard Faculty of Life Sciences Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 52100 Israel

Mammalian sperm must undergo a series of biochemical and physiological modifications, collectively called capacitation, in the female reproductive tract prior to the acrosome reaction （AR）. The mechanisms of these modifications are not well characterized though protein kinases were shown to be involved in the regulation of intracellular Ca2＋ during both capacitation and the AR. In the present review, we summarize some of the signaling events that are involved in capacitation. During the capacitation process, phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase （PI3K） is phosphorylated/activated via a protein kinase A （PKA）-dependent cascade, and downregulated by protein kinase C a （PKCa）. PKCa is active at the beginning of capacitation, resulting in PI3K inactivation. During capacitation, PKCa as well as PP172 is degraded by a PKA-dependent mechanism, allowing the activation of PI3K. The activation of PKA during capacitation depends mainly on cyclic adenosine monophosphate （cAMP） produced by the bicarbonate-dependent soluble adenylyl cyclase. This activation of PKA leads to an increase in actin polymerization, an essential process for the development of hyperactivated motility, which is necessary for successful fertilization. Actin polymerization is mediated by PIP2 in two ways： first, PIP2 acts as a cofactor for phospholipase D （PLD） activation, and second, as a molecule that binds and inhibits actin-severing proteins such as gelsolin. Tyrosine phosphorylation of gelsolin during capacitation by Src family kinase （SFK） is also important for its inactivation. Prior to the AR, gelsolin is released from PIP2 and undergoes dephosphorylation/activation, resulting in fast F-actin depolymerization, leading to the AR.

关键词： sperm capacitation acrosome reaction AR PKCα PI3K PKA gelsolin PIP2

ON PRECONDITIONING OF INCOMPRESSIBLE NON-NEWTONIAN FLOW PROBLEMS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2015年第1期33卷 33-58页

作者： Xin He maya Neytcheva Cornelis Vuik Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics Delft University of Technology Netherlands Department of Information Technology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden

This paper deals with fast and reliable numerical solution methods for the incompress- ible non-Newtonian Navier-Stokes equations. To handle the nonlinearity of the governing equations, the Picard and Newton methods are used to linearize these coupled partial dif- ferential equations. For space discretization we use the finite element method and utilize the two-by-two block structure of the matrices in the arising algebraic systems of equa- tions. The Krylov subspace iterative methods are chosen to solve the linearized discrete systems and the development of computationally and numerically efficient preconditioners for the two-by-two block matrices is the main concern in this paper. In non-Newtonian flows, the viscosity is not constant and its variation is an important factor that effects the performance of some already known preconditioning techniques. In this paper we examine the performance of several preconditioners for variable viscosity applications, and improve them further to be robust with respect to variations in viscosity.

关键词： non-Newtonian flows Navier-Stokes equations Two-by-two block systems,Krylov subspace methods Preconditioners.

Cultural Landscapes Link to Nature:Learning from Satoyama and Satoumi

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Built Heritage 2018年第4期2卷 7-19页

作者： maya Ishizawa World Heritage Studies University of TsukubaTsukubaJapan

The nature-culture divide is an artificial separation consolidated by Western modern *** is a social construction that disseminated globally,but does not exist in some non-Western *** this framework to embrace an integrated system for sustainability is *** concept of the Historic Urban Landscape(HUL)already attempts to integrate natural and cultural heritage into urban planning by focusing on a landscape ***,this approach consumes rural and nature into the *** uncover nature and return it to the forefront of urban conservation,this paper explores cultural landscapes as examples where natural and cultural values are inextricably *** case studies are presented of satoyama and satoumi,cultural landscapes of Japan where Shinto beliefs and traditional agricultural practices knit together nature and culture,rendering the divide *** paper suggests connecting the HUL approach,with this inclusive understanding,by turning the focus to mapping seasonal relationships following a transdisciplinary approach in which indigenous and local knowledge are integrated,as well as a temporal *** this way,one can find satoyama and satoumi in the urban environment:by looking beyond the attributes,the interrelationships with the natural substratum needed to support the development of quality and resilient environments can be revealed.

关键词： cultural landscapes satoyama satoumi Historic Urban Landscape sustainability reconnecting nature-culture natureculture nature-culture divide intangible cultural heritage