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Performance of GPS slant total electron content and IRI-Plas-STEC for days with ionospheric disturbance

Geodesy and Geodynamics 2016年第1期7卷 1-10页

作者： Feza Arikan Seymur Shukurov hakan tuna Orhan Arikan T.L. Gulyaeva Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Hacettepe University Beytepe Ankara 06800 Turkey Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bilkent Uniuersity Bilkent Ankara 06800 Turkey IZMIRAN Moscow 142190 Troitsk Russian Federation

Total Electron Content （TEC） is an important observable parameter of the ionosphere which forms the main source of error for space based navigation and positioning systems. Since the deployment of Global Navigation Satellite Systems （GNSS）, cost-effective esti- mation of TEC between the earth based receiver and Global Positioning System （GPS） sat- ellites became the major means of investigation of local and regional disturbance for earthquake precursor and augmentation system studies. International Reference Iono- sphere （IRI） extended to plasmasphere （IRI-Plas） is the most developed ionospheric and plasmaspheric climatic model that provides hourly, monthly median of electron density distribution globally. Recently, IONOLAB group {***） has presented a new online space weather service that can compute slant TEC （STEC） on a desired ray path for a given date and time using IRI-Plas model （IRI-Plas-STEC）. In this study, the performance of the model based STEC is compared with GPS-STEC computed according to the estimation method developed by the IONOLAB group and includes the receiver bias as IONOLAB-BIAS （IONOLAB-STEC）. Using Symmetric Kullback-Leibler Distance （SKLD）, Cross Correlation （CC） coefficient and the metric norm （L2N） to compare IRI-Plas-STEC and IONOLAB-STEC for the month of October 2011 over the Turkish National Permanent GPS Network （TNPGN- Active）, it has been observed that SKLD provides a good indicator of disturbance for both earthquakes and geomagnetic storms.

关键词： IonosphereTotal Electron Content (TEC)GPSIRI-Plas

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Efficacy of ankaferd blood stopper application on nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2012年第12期4卷 556-560页

作者： Gokhan Gungor M hakan Goktepe Murat Biyik Ilker Polat Tuncer tuna Huseyin Ataseven Ali Demir Selcuk University Meram School of MedicineGastroenterology Department Selcuk University Meram Faculty of Medicine Internal Medicine Konya Selcuk University Meram Faculty of Medicine Gastroenterology

AIM:To prospectively assess the hemostatic efficacy of the endoscopic topical use of ankaferd blood stopper(ABS) in active non-variceal upper gastrointestinal system(GIS) ***:Endoscopy was performed on 220 patients under suspiciency of GIS *** with active non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding(NVUGIB) with a spurting or oozing type were ***,8-10 cc of isotonic saline was sprayed to bleeding ***,8 cc of ABS was applied on lesions in which bleeding continued after isotonic saline *** other endoscopic therapeutic methods were applied on the lesions in which the bleeding did not stop after ***:Twenty-seven patients had an active NVUGIB with a spurting or oozing type and 193 patients were excluded from the study since they did not have non-variceal active bleeding.8 cc of ABS was sprayed on to the lesions of 26 patients whose bleeding continued after isotonic saline and in 19 of them,bleeding stopped after *** endoscopic treatment methods were applied to the remaining patients and the bleeding was stopped with these interventions in 6 of 7 ***:ABS is an effective method on NVUGIB,particularly on young patients with no *** may be considered as part of a combination treatment with other endoscopic methods.

关键词： Ankaferd blood stopper Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding Endoscopic treatment

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