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Drainage after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第4期9卷 319-323页

作者： Tahsin COLAK Tamer AKCA Ozgur TURKMENOGLU hakan canbaz Bora USTUNSOY Arzu KANIK Suha AYDIN1 Department of General Surgery Medical Faculty of Mersin University 33079 Mersin Turkey Department of Biostatistics Medical Faculty of Mersin University 33079 Mersin Turkey

Objective: This prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the necessity of drainage after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders. Methods: A total of 116 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders were randomly allocated to be drained or not. Operative and postoperative outcomes including operating time, postoperative pain assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS), total amount of intramuscular analgesic administration, hospital stay, complications, necessity for re-operation and satisfaction of patients were all assessed. Results: The mean operating time was similar between two groups (the drained and non-drained groups). The mean VAS score was found to be significantly low in the non-drained group patients in postoperative day (POD) 0 and POD 1. The mean amount of intramuscular analgesic requirement was significantly less in the non-drained group. One case of hematoma, two cases of seroma and three cases of transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in the non-drained group, whereas one case of hematoma, two cases of seroma, two cases of wound infections and two cases of transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in the drained group. No patient needed re-operation for any complication. The mean hospital stay was significantly shorter and the satisfaction of patients was superior in the non-drained group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that postoperative complications cannot be prevented by using drains after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroid disorders. Furthermore, the use of drains may increase postoperative pain and the analgesic requirement, and prolong the hospital stay. In the light of these findings, the routine use of drains might not be necessary after thyroid surgery for benign disorders.

关键词： Analgesic requirement Complications Drainage Postoperative pain Total thyroidectomy

Effect of size on biaxial flexural strength for cement-based materials by using a triangular plate method

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第8期16卷 1017-1028页

作者： hakan T TURKER Department of Civil Engineering Bursa Uludag UniversityBursa 16059Turkey

The effect of size on the biaxial flexural strength(BFS)of Portland cement mortar was investigated by using the recently proposed triangular plate method(TPM).An experimental program was conceived to study the size effect by keeping a constant water-cement ratio of 0.485,cement-sand ratio of 1:2.75,and using unreinforced triangular mortar plates of five different thicknesses and seven different side *** BFS of the produced specimens was tested,and variations of BFS depending on specimen thickness and side length were *** results indicated that increases in triangular plate specimen side length and specimen thickness led to a decrease in the BFS of Portland cement *** effect of specimen length increase on BFS was more significant than on the effect of the specimen *** variations in specimens’thickness indicated a deterministic Type I size effect,while the variations in specimens’length showed an energetic-statistical Type I size effect.

关键词： testing apparatus&methods plain concrete tensile properties biaxial flexural strength triangular plate method

Reductive atmospheric acid leaching of spent alkaline batteries in H_2SO_4/Na_2SO_3 solutions

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第7期22卷 674-681页

作者： Mehmet hakan Morcali Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University

This work studies the optimum reductive leaching process for manganese and zinc recovery from spent alkaline battery paste. The effects of reducing agents, acid concentration, pulp density, reaction temperature, and leaching time on the dissolution of manganese and zinc were investigated in detail. Manganese dissolution by reductive acidic media is an intermediate-controlled process with an activation energy of 12.28 kJ＇mo1-1. After being leached, manganese and zinc were selectively precipitated with sodium hydroxide. The zinc was entirely con- verted into zincate （Zn（OH）42-） ions and thus did not co-precipitate with manganese hydroxide during this treatment （2.0 M NaOH, 90 min, 200 r/rain, pH 〉 13）. After the manganese was removed from the solution, the Zn（OH）4^2- was precipitated as zinc sulfate in the presence of sulfuric acid. The results indicated that this process could be effective in recovering manganese and zinc from alkaline batteries.

关键词： waste recycling alkaline batteries manganese zinc recovery

Tm-doped ZnO nanorods as a TCO for PV applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第10期36卷 1067-1073页

作者： hakan Colak Ercan Karakose Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceCankin Karatekin University18100cankinTurkey Kayseri Vocational College Erciyes University38039KayseriTurkey

In photovoltaic（PV） devices, a transparent conducting oxide（TCO） film is used as a transparent electrode which permits sun rays to reach to the photoactive semiconducting layers and also to collect the photogenerated electrons. Due to their electrical and optical properties zinc oxide（ZnO） based thin films and nanostructures are considered as an abundant and safer option for TCOs. In this study, undoped and thulium（Tm）-doped ZnO nanorods（NRs） were produced on glass substrates via spin coating and hydrothermal methods. The ZnO samples were described by X-ray diffractometry（XRD）. Morphological features of the ZnO samples were investigated with scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. It is observed that the all ZnO samples have nanorod shape. The average rods diameter is between 75 and 100 nm. Also,the rods length is found to be between 0.96 and 1.62 μm. Electrical properties of the ZnO samples were performed via four probe method. The conductivity increases with measurement temperature and Tm doping. Optical spectra of the ZnO samples were measured in UV-Vis range and the band gap（Eg） is found to be 3.35 eV.

关键词： Photovoltaics TCO materials ZnO Doping materials Hydrothermal methods Rare earths

Effect of Doping and High-Temperature Annealing on the Structural and Electrical Properties of Zn_(1-X)Ni_XO(0≤X≤0.15) Powders

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第10期27卷 944-950页

作者： hakan olak Orhan Trkoglu Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Erciyes

This paper reported the synthesis, crystal structure and electrical conductivity properties of Ni-doped ZnO powders （i.e. Zn1-xNixO binary system, X=0, 0.0025, 0.005, 0.0075 and in the range 0.01≤X〈0.15）. I- phase samples, which were indexed as single phase with a hexagonal （wurtzite） structure in the Zn1-xNixO binary system, were determined by X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The widest range of the I-phase was determined as 0≤X≤0.03 at 1200℃; above this range the mixed phase was observed. The impurity phase was determined as NiO when compared with standard XRD data, using the PDF program. We focused on single f-phase ZnO samples which were synthesized at 1200℃ because of the widest range of solubility limit at this temperature. It was observed that the lattice parameters a and c of the I-phase decreased with Ni doping concentration. The morphology of the I-phase samples was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope. The electrical conductivity of the pure ZnO and single I-phase samples were studied by using the four-probe dc method at temperatures between 100 and 950℃ in air atmosphere. The electrical conductivity values of pure ZnO and 3 mol% Ni-doped ZnO samples at 100℃C were 2×10^-6 and 4.8×10^-6 Ω-***^-1, and at 950℃ they were 1.8 and 3.6 Ω-1cm-1, respectively. In other words, electrical conductivity increased with Ni doping concentration.

关键词： Ⅱ-Ⅵ semiconductors Zinc oxide and doped zinc oxide Four point probe method

Role of the tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor SPINK1 in cancer development

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第4期13卷 628-629页

作者： Ulf-hakan Stenman Deparment of Clinical Chmistry Helsinki University and Helsinki University Central Hospital FIN-00014 Helsinki University PB 63 Finland

In most industrialized countries, prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer of men. When detected early, most cases are curable, but for tumors that have metastasized, there is no curative therapy. Pharmaceutical androgen ablation or castration induces remission in most patients with metastatic disease, but if the patient lives long enough, the tumor becomes androgenindependent. In some patients, chemotherapy induces remission, which mostly is of short duration. Therefore, new treatment modalities are needed for androgen-independent prostate cancer.

关键词： Role SPINK1

Synthesis,Crystal Structural and Electrical Conductivity Properties of Fe-Doped Zinc Oxide Powders at High Temperatures

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第3期28卷 268-274页

作者： hakan Çolak Orhan TÜrkoglu Department of Chemistry Science of FacultyUniversity of ErciyesKayseri38039Turkey Deparment of Chemistry Science of FacultyUniversity of C ank r KaratekinBall ca CampusC ank r18200Turkey

The synthesis,crystal structure and electrical conductivity properties of Fe-doped ZnO powders（in the range of 0.25-15 mol%） were reported in this paper.I-phase samples,which were indexed as single phase with a hexagonal（wurtzite） structure in the Fe-doped ZnO binary system,were determined by X-ray diffraction（XRD）.The solubility limit of Fe in the ZnO lattice is 3 mol% at 950℃.The above mixed phase was *** the impurity phase was determined as the cubic-ZnFe 2 O 4 phase when compared with standard XRD data using the PDF *** study focused on single I-phase ZnO samples which were synthesized at 950℃ because the limit of the solubility range is the widest at this *** lattice parameters a and c of the I-phase decreased with Fe-doping *** morphology of the I-phase samples was analyzed with a scanning electron *** grain size of the I-phase samples increased with heat treatment and doping *** electrical conductivity of the pure ZnO and single I-phase samples was investigated using the four-probe dc method at 100-950℃ in air *** electrical conductivity values of pure ZnO,0.25 and 3 mol% Fe-doped ZnO samples at 100℃ were 2×10-6,1.7×10-3 and 6.3×10-4 ***-1,and at 950℃ they were 3.4,8.5 and 4 ***-1,respectively.

关键词： II-VI semiconductors Zinc oxide and doped zinc oxide Four point probe method

Determination of discontinuities in marble blocks via a nondestructive ultrasonic technique

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2009年第5期16卷 487-493页

作者： Ahmet hakan Onur Sefa Bakrac Faculty of Engineering Mining Engineering DepartmentDokuz Eylul University35160 Tinaztepe BucaIzmirTurkey MSc in Mining Engineering Turkish General Directorate of Mineral Research and ExplorationIstanbul Cad. No.63 Bornova IzmirTurkey

Miners working in the marble industry have always been interested in identifying structural weaknesses in marble blocks before they are transported to marble processing plants. To achieve this difficult task, several simple methods have been developed among miners but observation-based methods do not consistently provide satisfactory results. A nondestructive method developed for testing concrete could be used for this purpose. In this study, this simple method based on differences in ultrasonic wave propagation in different materials was presented, and the test results performed both in the laboratory and a marble quarry were discussed.

关键词： nondestructive test marble discontinuity ultrasonic wave

Model Predictive Control Coupled with Artificial Intelligence for Eddy Current Dynamometers

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第1期44卷 221-234页

作者： İhsan Uluocak hakan Yavuz Çukurova University Ceyhan Engineering FacultyMechanical Engineering DepartmentAdanaTurkey Çukurova University Faculty of EngineeringMechanical Engineering DepartmentAdanaTurkey

The recent studies on Artificial Intelligence(AI)accompanied by enhanced computing capabilities supports increasing attention into traditional control methods coupled with AI learning methods in an attempt to bringing adap-tiveness and fast responding *** Model Predictive Control(MPC)tech-nique is a widely used,safe and reliable control method based on *** the other hand,the Eddy Current dynamometers are highly nonlinear braking sys-tems whose performance parameters are related to many processes related *** study is based on an adaptive model predictive control that utilizes selected AI *** presented approach presents an updated the mathema-tical model of an Eddy Current Dynamometer based on experimentally obtained system operational ***,the comparison of AI methods and related learn-ing performances based on the assessment technique of mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)issues are *** results indicate that Single Hidden Layer Neural Network(SHLNN),General Regression Neural Network(GRNN),Radial Basis Network(RBNN),Neuro Fuzzy Network(ANFIS)coupled MPC have quite satisfying *** presented results indicate that,amongst them,GRNN appears to provide the best performance.

关键词： Model predictive control eddy current dynamometer artificial intelligence GRNN RBNN ANFIS