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Analyses and architectural typology of preserved traditional mosques in the old city of Herat in Afghanistan:the case of Quzzat Quarter

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Built Heritage 2022年第4期6卷 51-64页

作者： Ghulam Mohammad Asim shimizu hajime Faculty of Engineering and Science University of the Ryukyus1 Aza-SenbaruNishihara-choNakagami-gunOkinawa 903-0213Japan

The study aims to analyse the architectural typology and determine the period of construction for the preserved traditional mosques of the Quzzat Quarter in the Old City of Herat(known as the Pearl of Khorasan).Twenty-nine mosques are located in the area,three of which are modern and 26 are traditional.Twelve out of the 26 traditional mosques still exist and have preserved their traditional landscape.Using analogy to analyse water cisterns and mosques,we determine when each mosque was developed and establish the period of development for each structure.Further analyses are carried out on the edifces’architectural details.Architectural analyses and mosque typologies suggest that fve buildings were built before the Timurid dynasty;two were built during the Timurid dynasty(1370−1507 CE);and one was built after the Timurid dynasty.Two mosques incorporating elements from diferent periods are counted as exceptions,and the remaining two are considered to have been built during transitional periods.

关键词： Architectural analyses Analogy Period of development Preserved traditional mosques Built heritage conservation Herat Old City Afghanistan

Energy calibration of tagged photons by the d(γ,π^-pp) reaction

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第1期34卷 35-38页

作者：韩运成 Nobuyuki Chiga Yu Fujii Kenta Futatsukawa Osamu Hashimoto Kentaro Hirose Takatsugu Ishikawa Hiroki Kanda Masashi Kaneta Daisuke Kawama Kazushige Maeda Tomofumi Maruta Nayuta Maruyama Akihiko Matsumura Youhei Miyagi Koji Miwa Satoshi N. Nakamura hajime shimizu Koutarou Shirotori Koutaku Suzuki Tadaaki Tamae Hirokazu Tamura Kyo Tsukada 王铁山 Hirohito Yamazaki School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou University Department of Physics Tohoku University Laboratory of Nuclear Science Tohoku University

The energy of tagged photons, which were provided from the internal photon tagging system of the Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Tohoku University, has been calibrated using the d（γ,π-pp） reaction. Charged pions and protons in the final state were detected with the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer （NKS2）. Photon energies were obtained from the reaction of d（γ,π-pp）. The derived photon energy was consistent with the design of the tagger system and the previous measurement using electron-positron pair production. The consistency demonstrates the performance of NKS2 and the capability of the photon energy calibration using d（γ,π-pp）.

关键词： deuteron pion photoproduction tagged photon

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Evaluation of bacterial contamination and medium-term oncological outcomes of intracorporeal anastomosis for colon cancer:A propensity score matching analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 670-680页

作者： hajime Kayano Nana Mamuro Yutaro Kamei Takashi Ogimi Hiroshi Miyakita Toshio Nakagohri Kazuo Koyanagi Masaki Mori Seiichiro Yamamoto Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Tokai University School of MedicineIsehara 259-1193KanagawaJapan

BACKGROUND Although intracorporeal anastomosis(IA)for colon cancer requires longer operative time than extracorporeal anastomosis(EA),its short-term postoperative results,such as early recovery of bowel movement,have been reported to be equal or better.As IA requires opening the intestinal tract in the abdominal cavity under pneumoperitoneum,there are concerns about intraperitoneal bacterial infection and recurrence of peritoneal dissemination due to the spread of bacteria and tumor cells.However,intraperitoneal bacterial contamination and medium-term oncological outcomes have not been clarified.abdominal cavity in IA.METHODS Of 127 patients who underwent laparoscopic colon resection for colon cancer from April 2015 to December 2020,75 underwent EA(EA group),and 52 underwent IA(IA group).After propensity score matching,the primary endpoint was 3-year disease-free survival rates,and secondary endpoints were 3-year overall survival rates,type of recurrence,surgical site infection(SSI)incidence,number of days on antibiotics,and postoperative biological responses.RESULTS Three-year disease-free survival rates did not significantly differ between the IA and EA groups(87.2%and 82.7%,respectively,P=0.4473).The 3-year overall survival rates also did not significantly differ between the IA and EA groups(94.7%and 94.7%,respectively;P=0.9891).There was no difference in the type of recurrence between the two groups.In addition,there were no significant differences in SSI incidence or the number of days on antibiotics;however,postoperative biological responses,such as the white blood cell count(10200 vs 8650/mm^(3),P=0.0068),C-reactive protein(6.8 vs 4.5 mg/dL,P=0.0011),and body temperature(37.7 vs 37.5℃,P=0.0079),were significantly higher in the IA group.CONCLUSION IA is an anastomotic technique that should be widely performed because its risk of intraperitoneal bacterial contamination and medium-term oncological outcomes are comparable to those of EA.

关键词： Colon cancer Intracorporeal anastomosis 3-year disease-free survival Recurrence Surgical site infection Postoperative biological response

Soft ground tunnel lithology classification using clustering-guided light gradient boosting machine

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第11期15卷 2857-2867页

作者： Kursat Kilic hajime Ikeda Tsuyoshi Adachi Youhei Kawamura Department of Geosciences Geotechnology and Materials Engineering for ResourcesGraduate School of International Resource SciencesAkita UniversityAkita010-8502Japan Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido UniversityKita 13Nishi 8Kita-kuSapporo060-8628Japan

During tunnel boring machine(TBM)excavation,lithology identification is an important issue to understand tunnelling performance and avoid time-consuming excavation.However,site investigation generally lacks ground samples and the information is subjective,heterogeneous,and imbalanced due to mixed ground conditions.In this study,an unsupervised(K-means)and synthetic minority oversampling technique(SMOTE)-guided light-gradient boosting machine(LightGBM)classifier is proposed to identify the soft ground tunnel classification and determine the imbalanced issue of tunnelling data.During the tunnel excavation,an earth pressure balance(EPB)TBM recorded 18 different operational parameters along with the three main tunnel lithologies.The proposed model is applied using Python low-code PyCaret library.Next,four decision tree-based classifiers were obtained in a short time period with automatic hyperparameter tuning to determine the best model for clustering-guided SMOTE application.In addition,the Shapley additive explanation(SHAP)was implemented to avoid the model black box problem.The proposed model was evaluated using different metrics such as accuracy,F1 score,precision,recall,and receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve to obtain a reasonable outcome for the minority class.It shows that the proposed model can provide significant tunnel lithology identification based on the operational parameters of EPB-TBM.The proposed method can be applied to heterogeneous tunnel formations with several TBM operational parameters to describe the tunnel lithologies for efficient tunnelling.

关键词： Earth pressure balance(EPB) Tunnel boring machine(TBM) Soft ground tunnelling Tunnel lithology Operational parameters Synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) K-means clustering

Crystal Structures of Human Dipeptidyl Peptidase Ⅳ in its Apo and Diprotin B-complexed Forms

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第5期39卷 335-343页

作者： hajime H1RAMATSU Kiyoshi KYONO Atsushi YAMAMOTO Kazuhiko SAEKI Hideaki SHIMA Shigeru SUGIYAMA Koji INAKA Ryo shimizu Tanabe Seiyaku Co. Ltd Osaka 532-8505 Japan Aphoenix Inc. Tokyo 150-0002 Japan Maruwa Food Industries Inc. Nara 639-1123 Japan Mol Logics Inc. Kyoto 619-0237 Japan Maruwa Food Industries Inc. Nara 639-1123 Japan

Dipeptidyl peptidase Ⅳ (DPPIV), which belongs to the prolyl oligopeptidase family of serine proteases, is known to have a variety of regulatory biological functions and has been shown to be implicated in type 2 diabetes. It is therefore important to develop selective human DPPIV (hDPPIV) inhibitors. In this study, we determined the crystal structure of apo hDPPIV at 1.9 A resolution. Our high-resolution crystal structure of apo hDPPIV revealed the presence of sodium ion and glycerol molecules at the active site. In order to elucidate the hDPPIV binding mode and substrate specificity, we determined the crystal structure of hDPPIV-diprotin B (Val-Pro-Leu) complex at 2.1 A resolution, and clarified the difference in binding mode between diprotin B and diprotin A (Ile-Pro-Ile) into the active site of hDPPIV. Comparison between our crystal structures and the reported apo hDPPIV structures revealed that positively charged functional groups and conserved water molecules contributed to the interaction of ligands with hDPPIV. These results are useful for the design of potent hDPPIV inhibitors.

关键词： dipeptidyl peptidase Ⅳ diprotin B serine protease crystal structure water molecule

Alterations of autophagic and innate immune responses by the Crohn’s disease-associated ATG16L1 mutation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第26期28卷 3063-3070页

作者： Natsuki Okai Tomohiro Watanabe Kosuke Minaga Ken Kamata hajime Honjo Masatoshi Kudo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kindai University Faculty of MedicineOsaka-Sayama 589-8511OsakaJapan

Crohn’s disease(CD)is driven by the loss of tolerance to intestinal microbiota and excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.These pro-inflammatory cytokines are produced by macrophages and dendritic cells(DCs)upon sensing the intestinal microbiota by the pattern recognition receptors(PRRs).Impaired activation of PRR-mediated signaling pathways is associated with chronic gastrointestinal inflammation,as shown by the fact that loss-of-function mutations in the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 gene increase the risk of CD development.Autophagy is an intracellular degradation process,during which cytoplasmic nutrients and intracellular pathogens are digested.Given that impaired reaction to intestinal microbiota alters signaling pathways mediated by PRRs,it is likely that dysfunction of the autophagic machinery is involved in the development of CD.Indeed,the loss-of-function mutation T300A in the autophagy related 16 like 1(ATG16L1)protein,a critical regulator of autophagy,increases susceptibility to CD.Recent studies have provided evidence that ATG16L1 is involved not only in autophagy,but also in PRR-mediated signaling pathways.ATG16L1 negatively regulates pro-inflammatory cytokine responses of macrophages and DCs after these cells sense the intestinal microbiota by PRRs.Here,we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of CD in the T300A ATG16L1 mutation by focusing on PRR-mediated signaling pathways.

关键词： ATG16L1 Crohn’s disease Autophagy Innate immunity Cytokine Pattern recognition receptors

Classification of rectal cancer according to recurrence types-comparison of Japanese guidelines and Western guidelines

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第36期10卷 13284-13292页

作者： Hiroshi Miyakita Yutaro Kamei Lin Fung Chan Kazutake Okada hajime Kayano Seiichiro Yamamoto Department of Digestive System Surgery Tokai University School of MedicineIsehara 259-1193KanagawaJapan

BACKGROUND Rectal cancer is characterized by more local recurrence(LR)and lung metastasis than colon cancer.However,the diagnosis of rectal cancer is not standardized as there is no global consensus on its definition and classification.The classification of rectal cancer differs between Japanese and Western guidelines.AIM To clarify the characteristics of rectal cancer by comparing the tumor location and characteristics of rectal cancer with those of colon cancer according to each set of guidelines.METHODS A total of 958 patients with Stage II and III colorectal cancer were included in the analysis:607 with colon cancer and 351 with rectal cancer.Localization of rectal cancers was assessed by enema examination and rigid endoscopy.According to Japan guidelines,rectal cancer is classified as Rb(below the peritoneal inversion),Ra(between the inferior margin of second sacral vertebrae and Rb)or RS(between Ra and sacral promontory).RESULTS There were no significant differences between RS rectal cancer and colon cancer in the rates of liver and lung metastasis or LR.Lung metastasis and LR were significantly more common among Rb rectal cancer(in Japan)than in colon cancer(P=0.0043 and P=0.0002,respectively).Lung metastases and LR occurred at significantly higher rates in rectal cancer measuring≤12 cm and≤10 cm than in colon cancers(P=0.0117,P=0.0467,P=0.0036,P=0.0010).Finally,the rates of liver metastasis,lung metastasis,and LR in rectal cancers measuring 11 cm to 15 cm were 6.9%,2.8%,and 5.7%,respectively.These were equivalent to the rates in colon cancer.CONCLUSION High rectal cancer may be treated with the same treatment strategies as colon cancer.There was no difference in the classification of colorectal cancer between Japan and Western countries.

关键词： Colon cancer Metastasis Local recurrence Classification of rectal cancer Western guidelines Japanese guideline

Effect of hydrogen peroxide on selective flotation of chalcocite and enargite

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2023年第6期33卷 703-716页

作者： Gde Pandhe Wisnu Suyantara Daniyarov Berdakh hajime Miki Tsuyoshi Hirajima Keiko Sasaki Daishi Ochi Yuji Aoki Department of Earth Resources Engineering Faculty of EngineeringKyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Kyushu University Institute for Asian and Oceanian Studies Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Graduate School of Engineering Faculty of EngineeringKyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Uzbekistan-Japan Innovation Center of Youth Tashkent 100095Uzbekistan Sumitomo Metal Mining Co. Ltd.Tokyo 105-8716Japan Sumitomo Metal Mining Co. Ltd.Ehime 792-0002Japan

Enargite is typically associated with chalcocite.Owing to the similarity in the flotation behaviors of these minerals,both minerals are reported to concentrate in the conventional flotation circuit.However,inorganic arsenic in enargite can decrease the copper concentrate quality and increase the operating cost of processing this concentrate.Separating these minerals is important for cleaner copper production to avoid these effects.In this context,this study investigated the effect of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))treatment on the flotation behavior of chalcocite and enargite.Flotation tests of pure and mixed minerals indicated that H_(2)O_(2)treatment reduced the floatability of chalcocite and enargite by forming sulfate and copper hydroxide on their surfaces.Despite the detrimental effect of the H_(2)O_(2)treatment,there was a narrow window of H_(2)O_(2)concentration for separating both minerals,in which enargite floated and chalcocite was depressed.This selective flotation behavior was caused by the rapid adsorption of potassium amyl xanthate(KAX)and lower surface oxidation of enargite compared with that of chalcocite.

关键词： Enargite Chalcocite Hydrogen peroxide Potassium amyl xanthate Selective flotation

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Motor tract reorganization after acute central nervous system injury: a translational perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1144-1149页

作者： hajime Takase Robert W.Regenhardt Department of Neurosurgery Yokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYokohamaJapan Departments of Radiology and Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Acute central nervous system injuries are among the most common causes of disability worldwide,with widespread social and economic implications.Motor tract injury accounts for the majority of this disability;therefore,there is impetus to understand mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of injury and subsequent reorganization of the motor tract that may lead to recovery.After acute central nervous system injury,there are changes in the microenvironment and structure of the motor tract.For example,ischemic stroke involves decreased local blood flow and tissue death from lack of oxygen and nutrients.Traumatic injury,in contrast,causes stretching and shearing injury to microstructures,including myelinated axons and their surrounding vessels.Both involve blood-brain barrier dysfunction,which is an important initial event.After acute central nervous system injury,motor tract reorganization occurs in the form of cortical remapping in the gray matter and axonal regeneration and rewiring in the white matter.Cortical remapping involves one cortical region taking on the role of another.cAMP-response-element binding protein is a key transcription factor that can enhance plasticity in the peri-infarct cortex.Axonal regeneration and rewiring depend on complex cell-cell interactions between axons,oligodendrocytes,and other cells.The RhoA/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing kinase signaling pathway plays a central role in axon growth/regeneration through interactions with myelin-derived axonal growth inhibitors and regulation of actin cytoskeletal dynamics.Oligodendrocytes and their precursors play a role in myelination,and neurons are involved through their voltage-gated calcium channels.Understanding the pathophysiology of injury and the biology of motor tract reorganization may allow the development of therapies to enhance recovery after acute central nervous system injury.These include targeted rehabilitation,novel pharmacotherapies,such as growth factors and axonal growth inhibitor blockade,and the implementation of n

关键词： corticospinal tract myelin-axon interaction recovery remapping reorganization RhoA/ROCK translation

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