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Using GIS to develop a mobile communications network for disaster-damaged areas

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2014年第4期7卷 279-293页

作者： Youhei Kawamura Ashraf MDewan Bert Veenendaal Masahiro Hayashi Takeshi Shibuya Itaru Kitahara hajime Nobuhara Kento Ishii Department of Mining Engineering Curtin UniversityKalgoorlieAustralia Department of Spatial Sciences Curtin UniversityPerthAustralia Graduate School of System and Information Engineering University of TsukubaTsukubaJapan

Communications network damage resulting from a large disaster causes difficulties in the ability to rapidly understand the current situation and thus make appropriate decisions towards mitigating problems,such as where to send and dispense emergency *** research outlined in this paper focuses on the rapid construction of a network after a disaster *** study suggests ZigBee and geographic information systems(GIS)technologies to resolve these problems and provide an effective communication *** experimental results of the ZigBee network system are presented,examples are provided of the mapping and analysis undertaken using GIS for the disaster-stricken area of Tsukuba City,Japan,and the communications node arrangements are determined for this *** results demonstrate the effectiveness of establishing such a communications system for supporting efforts to relieve disaster-damaged areas.

关键词： ZigBee GIS disaster network

Comparison of Reconstruction System of the Queensland Flood and of the East Japan Great Earthquake

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第4期10卷 452-460页

作者： hajime Inamura Department of Civil Engineering and Management Tohoku Institute of Technology Sendai 982-8577 Japan

The natural disasters struck northeast Australia between November 2010 and February 2011. The QLD （Queensland） State Government has established the Queensland Reconstruction Authority within one month. Recovery works in QLD seem to be very smooth, and transfer phase to the normal civil works is going to start. Eastern Japan also attacked by the great earthquake and following Tsunami on March 11, 2011. Japanese Government, however, established the Reconstruction Agency almost one year after the event. The reconstruction of the disaster area is still on the halfway. This paper aims to find out the differences between two countries from the viewpoints of organization, planning process and financial conditions.

关键词： Disaster earthquake reconstruction works international comparison Japan and Australia.

Effects of alginate and laminaran on the microbiota and antioxidant properties of human faecal cultures

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 1244-1251页

作者： Gayang Lee Mika Harada Yuko Midorikawa Mahiro Yamamoto Ayaka Nakamura hajime Takahashi Takashi Kuda Department of Food Science and Technology Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology4-5-7 KonanMinato-kuTokyo108-8477Japan

Alginate and laminaran are water soluble dietary fibres in brown *** a previous study,pure cultures of Bacteroides xylanisolvens,Bacteroides uniformis,and Erysipelaclostridium ramosum increased antioxidant capacities in the broth with alginate and/or laminaran *** study was conducted to evaluate the presence of the alginate-and laminaran-responsive human gut indigenous bacteria(RIB)and their ***,human stool samples were cultured in media without(control),or with 1%(w/v)alginate or laminaran at 37℃ for 24 h under anaerobic *** showed that during incubation,the pH of the culture reduced with the *** production was clearly suppressed via laminaran supplementation in the faecal sample *** 16S rRNA(V4)gene amplicon sequencing confirmed that ***-,*** and ***-like bacteria were alginate-and/or laminaran-RIB in human gut,although their read numbers differed among ***,some butyrate-producers,such as Faecalibacterium and Roseburia,were also detected as the RIB in alginate and laminaran cultures,*** increased 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide anion radical-scavenging capacities and the Fe-reducing power of the culture ***,the fermented cultures increased the nitric oxide secretion in macrophage like RAW 264.7 cells *** results suggest that the interaction of alginate and laminaran with their RIB may have desirable effects on the host as next generation prebiotics when brown algae are ingested.

关键词： Alginate Laminaran Human gut microbiota Antioxidant capacity Faecal culture

Whey Protein Intake Modulates Lipid Metabolism by Transcriptionally Affecting PPARs and SREBP1c and Their Downstream Enzymes in Mice

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第9期10卷 1045-1055页

作者： hajime Sasaki Department of Nutrition and Life Sciences Kanagawa-Institute of Technology Atsugi Japan

Background: The effects of whey protein intake on the transcriptional expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in mice were investigated herein. Methods: For 4 weeks, mice were fed AIN-93G composed of either casein or whey protein as the protein source. Then the gastrocnemius muscle, liver, and epididymal adipose tissue were excised. Expression levels of the transcription factors, PPARα, PPARγ, and SREBP1c, and those of the enzymes modulated by these factors, HSL, LPL, ACCα, and FAS, were measured by real-time PCR. The effects of whey protein were compared to those of the case in control. Results: The mRNA expression of PPARα was enhanced in the gastrocnemius muscle, while that of PPARγ was increased in the liver and epididymal adipose tissue. The expression of HSL and LPL was increased in the epididymal adipose tissue and gastrocnemius muscle, respectively. The mRNA expression of SREBP1c was suppressed in all of the three tissues. The expression of ACCα was suppressed in the gastrocnemius muscle and liver, while that of FAS was suppressed in all of the three tissues. Conclusions: These results indicate that whey protein intakes transcriptionally modulate PPARs and SREBP1c directing lipid metabolism toward the enhancement of triglyceride breakdown and suppression of fatty acid synthesis.

关键词： Whey Protein Lipid Metabolism PPARs SREBP1c

Protective Effect of Ethanolamine on Hepatic Preneoplastic Alterations Induced by the Administration of <i>N</i>-Nitrosodiethylamine in Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 936-945页

作者： hajime Sasaki Department of Nutrition and Life Sciences Kanagawa Institute of Technology Atsugi Japan Nutritional Research Department Food Science Research Laboratories Meiji Co. Ltd. Odawara Japan

The effects of exogenously administered ethanolamine (Etn) on the N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDA)-induced formation of hepatic lesions in rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally administered NDA (100 mg/kg body weight) at 7-day intervals, and the animals were allowed free access to water containing Etn (15 or 50 mg/L) for 35 days. NDA-induced hepatic lesions were assessed according to the number of nodules detectable on the liver surface, areas of clear cell foci observed on histopathological thin sections, hydroxyproline levels in liver homogenates, and blood biochemical marker levels. Compared with those from control rats that were not administered Etn, livers from Etn-exposed rats had significantly fewer surface nodules and smaller areas of clear cell foci, indicating that Etn prevented or delayed the formation of preneoplastic cell alterations. Hydroxyproline levels in livers were significantly lower in Etn-treated rats, indicating that the chemical prevented the formation of fibrotic alterations. The protective effects of Etn on NDA-induced hepatic lesions were demonstrated by changes in blood biochemical marker levels. These results suggest that Etn can protect against cellular alterations induced by a carcinogenic chemical, possibly by enhancing hepatic phospholipid synthesis.

关键词： Ethanolamine N-Nitrosodiethylamine Protection Hepatic lesion Cellular Alterations

Crystal Structures of Human Dipeptidyl Peptidase Ⅳ in its Apo and Diprotin B-complexed Forms

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第5期39卷 335-343页

作者： hajime H1RAMATSU Kiyoshi KYONO Atsushi YAMAMOTO Kazuhiko SAEKI Hideaki SHIMA Shigeru SUGIYAMA Koji INAKA Ryo SHIMIZU Tanabe Seiyaku Co. Ltd Osaka 532-8505 Japan Aphoenix Inc. Tokyo 150-0002 Japan Maruwa Food Industries Inc. Nara 639-1123 Japan Mol Logics Inc. Kyoto 619-0237 Japan Maruwa Food Industries Inc. Nara 639-1123 Japan

Dipeptidyl peptidase Ⅳ (DPPIV), which belongs to the prolyl oligopeptidase family of serine proteases, is known to have a variety of regulatory biological functions and has been shown to be implicated in type 2 diabetes. It is therefore important to develop selective human DPPIV (hDPPIV) inhibitors. In this study, we determined the crystal structure of apo hDPPIV at 1.9 A resolution. Our high-resolution crystal structure of apo hDPPIV revealed the presence of sodium ion and glycerol molecules at the active site. In order to elucidate the hDPPIV binding mode and substrate specificity, we determined the crystal structure of hDPPIV-diprotin B (Val-Pro-Leu) complex at 2.1 A resolution, and clarified the difference in binding mode between diprotin B and diprotin A (Ile-Pro-Ile) into the active site of hDPPIV. Comparison between our crystal structures and the reported apo hDPPIV structures revealed that positively charged functional groups and conserved water molecules contributed to the interaction of ligands with hDPPIV. These results are useful for the design of potent hDPPIV inhibitors.

关键词： dipeptidyl peptidase Ⅳ diprotin B serine protease crystal structure water molecule

Consecutive-Day Intake of Whey Protein Upregulates mTOR mRNA and Protein Expression in Resting Skeletal Muscle of Mice

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第9期10卷 1035-1044页

作者： hajime Sasaki Department of Nutrition and Life Sciences Kanagawa-Institute of Technology Atsugi Japan

Background: Although the effect of whey protein intake on protein metabolism in exercise-loaded skeletal muscle has been well documented, little has been reported on its effect on resting muscle. The effects of whey protein intake on protein metabolism in resting mouse skeletal muscle were investigated. Methods: Mice were fed AIN-93G composed of either casein or whey protein as the protein source for 3 or 7 consecutive days. The gastrocnemius muscle was excised, and the expression levels of the regulatory factor, mTOR, and its subunits, Raptor and Rictor, were measured by real-time PCR. The protein expression levels of mTOR and its phosphorylated form were measured by immunofluorescent western blotting. The effects of whey protein were compared to those of the case in control. Results: mTOR expression increased in the gastrocnemius muscle of mice fed whey protein for 7 consecutive days. The expression of Raptor significantly increased, whereas that of Rictor did not change, suggesting a dominant formation of mTORC1 relating to the upregulation of protein synthesis. The protein levels of mTOR and its phosphorylated form significantly increased in mice fed whey protein, indicating enhanced protein synthesis. Increased mTOR expression was not seen in the gastrocnemius muscle of mice fed whey protein for 3 consecutive days. Conclusions: These results indicate that the intake of whey protein for 7 consecutive days, but not 3 days, upregulates the mRNA and protein expression of mTOR in the resting gastrocnemius muscle of mice, suggesting its ability to enhance protein synthesis. Consecutive-day intake of whey protein may induce constitutive alteration of the skeletal muscle, including continuous upregulation of muscle protein synthesis.

关键词： Whey Protein Intake Resting Skeletal Muscle Enhancement Protein Synthesis mTOR Pathway

Small invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas distinct from branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第43期15卷 5489-5492页

作者： Hiroki Sakamoto Masayuki Kitano Takamitsu Komaki hajime Imai Ken Kamata Masatomo Kimura Yoshifumi Takeyama Masatoshi Kudo Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineKinki University School of Medicine377-2Ohno-HigashiOsaka-Sayama 589-8511Japan Department of Pathology Kinki University School of Medicine377-2Ohno-HigashiOsaka-Sayama 589- 8511Japan Department of Surgery Kinki University School of Medicine377-2Ohno-HigashiOsaka-Sayama 589-8511Japan

Endoscopic ultrasonography （EUS） is a highly sensitive diagnostic method for the detection of small pancreatic carcinomas. Recently, there have been some reports describing the utility of contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS （CEH-EUS） which uses sonographic contrast agent for differentiation of a pancreatic mass. This report describes a case of small adenocarcinoma of the pancreas distinct from branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm （IPMN） in which investigation by EUS took place every 6 mo and diagnosis was made accurately by additional CEH-EUS during the follow-up of the branch duct IPMN. A 68-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of a branch duct IPMN in the pancreatic body. She had been followed-up by EUS every 6 too. However, after 2 years EUS demonstrated a low echoic area distinct from the branch duct IPMN which was vaguely discernible by EUS, and accurate sizing and differential diagnosis were considered difficult on the EUS imaging. CHEUS with Sonazoid revealed a hypovascular tumor and we suspected small pancreatic carcinoma. The histopathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma （10 mm） in the pancreatic tail, distinct from the branch duct IPMN of the pancreatic body. EUS and CEH-EUS may play an important role in the correct diagnosis of small pancreatic tumors, including synchronous and metachronous occurrence of IPMN and ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.

关键词： Intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma Small pancreatic cancer Endoscopic ultrasonography Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography Pancreatic cancer Pancreas Contrast enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography

Age-dependent eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Japanese patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第33期16卷 4176-4179页

作者： Satoshi Mamori Akihiro Higashida Fumiaki Kawara Katsuhiro Ohnishi Akihiko Takeda Eri Senda Cho Ashida hajime Yamada Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Shinko Hospital

AIM:To determine the general risk factors affecting the failure rate of first-line eradication therapy in Japanese patients with Helicobacter pylori(***)***:The present study enrolled 253 patients who had an *** infection,underwent gastroendoscopy,and were treated with *** eradication *** therapy consisted of 30 mg lansoprazole plus 750 mg amoxicillin and 400 mg clarithromycin twice daily for 7 *** of the patients underwent a 13 C urea breath test at least 1 mo after the completion of eradication *** current study investigated the independent factors associated with successful *** eradication using a multiple logistic regression ***:The overall success rate in the patients was 85.8%.Among the general factors examined in the multivariate analyses,only having an age less than 50 years was found to be significantly associated with a poor response to *** ***,side effects were the only clinical factors in the patients who were under 50 years of age that significantly influenced the poor response to *** ***:***-positive elderly patients should undergo eradication *** addition,it is necessary to improve *** eradication therapy in younger patients.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatment Age Side effect