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Ferroptosis inhibitors reduce celastrol toxicity and preserve its insulin sensitizing effects in insulin resistant HepG2 cells

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 286-294页

作者： Jia-jia Liu Xue Zhang Bang-lan cai Man-man Qi Yong-bin Chi Bin Peng Deng-hai Zhang School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Health Commission Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases Shanghai Pudong Gongli HospitalSecondary Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200135China School of Basic Medicine Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina

Objective:Research has shown that celastrol can effectively treat a variety of diseases,yet when passing a certain dosage threshold,celastrol becomes toxic,causing complications such as liver and kidney damage and erythrocytopenia,among *** this dichotomy in mind,it is extremely important to find ways to preserve celastrol’s efficacy while reducing or preventing its ***:In this study,insulin-resistant Hep G2(IR-Hep G2)cells were prepared using palmitic acid and used for in vitro ***-Hep G2 cells were treated with celastrol alone or in combination with nacetylcysteine(nAC)or ferrostatin-1(Fer-1)for 12,24 or 48 h,at a range of *** counting kit-8assay,Western blotting,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,glucose consumption assessment,and flow cytometry were performed to measure celastrol’s cytotoxicity and whether the cell death was linked to ***:Celastrol treatment increased lipid oxidation and decreased expression of anti-ferroptosis proteins in IR-Hep G2 *** downregulated glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)m *** docking models predicted that solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)and GPX4 were covalently bound by ***,we found for the first time that the application of ferroptosis inhibitors(especially nAC)was able to reduce celastrol’s toxicity while preserving its ability to improve insulin sensitivity in IR-Hep G2 ***:One potential mechanism of celastrol’s cytotoxicity is the induction of ferroptosis,which can be alleviated by treatment with ferroptosis *** findings provide a new strategy to block celastrol’s toxicity while preserving its therapeutic effects.

关键词： Celastrol Insulin resistance Ferroptosis n-Acetylcysteine Palmitic acid Molecular docking

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Ultrahigh-brightness 50 MeV electron beam generation from laser wakefield acceleration in a weakly nonlinear regime

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 4-10页

作者： Zhongtao Xiang Changhai Yu Zhiyong Qin Xuhui Jiao Jiahui Cheng Qiaoxuan Zhou Gatie Axi Jianghua Jie Ya Huang Jintan cai Jiansheng Liu Department of Physics Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

We propose an efficient scheme to produce ultrahigh-brightness tens of MeV electron beams by designing a density-tailored plasma to induce a wakefield in the weakly nonlinear regime with a moderate laser energy of 120 *** this scheme,the second bucket of the wakefield can have a much lower phase velocity at the steep plasma density down-ramp than the first bucket and can be exploited to implement longitudinal electron injection at a lower laser intensity,leading to the generation of bright electron beams with ultralow emittance together with low energy ***-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are carried out and demonstrate that high-quality electron beams with a peak energy of 50 MeV,ultralow emittance of28 nm rad,energy spread of 1%,charge of 4.4 pC,and short duration less than 5 fs can be obtained within a 1-mm-long tailored plasma density,resulting in an ultrahigh six-dimensional brightness B6D,n of2×1017 A/m2/0.1%.By changing the density parameters,tunable bright electron beams with peak energies ranging from 5 to 70 MeV,a small emittance of B0.1 mm mrad,and a low energy spread at a few-percent level can be *** bright MeV-class electron beams have a variety of potential applications,for example,as ultrafast electron probes for diffraction and imaging,in laboratory astrophysics,in coherent radiation source generation,and as injectors for GeV particle accelerators.

关键词： weakly nonlinear acceleration

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Dual‑Atom nanozyme Eye Drops Attenuate Inflammation and Break the Vicious Cycle in Dry Eye Disease

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nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 439-457页

作者： Dandan Chu Mengyang Zhao Shisong Rong Wonho Jhe Xiaolu cai Yi Xiao Wei Zhang Xingchen Geng Zhanrong Li Xingcai Zhang Jingguo Li Henan Eye Hospital Henan Provincial People’s HospitalPeople’s Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003People’s Republic of China Department of Ophthalmology Mass Eye and EarMass General BrighamHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114USA School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001People’s Republic of China

Dry eye disease(DED)is a major ocular pathology worldwide,causing serious ocular discomfort and even visual *** incidence of DED is gradually increasing with the highfrequency use of electronic *** inflammation is core cause of the DED vicious cycle,reactive oxygen species(ROS)play a pivotal role in the vicious cycle by regulating inflammation from ***,current therapies merely targeting inflammation show the failure of DED ***,a novel dual-atom nanozymes(DAn)-based eye drops are *** antioxidative DAn is successfully prepared by embedding Fe and Mn bimetallic single-atoms in n-doped carbon material and modifying it with a hydrophilic *** in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate the DAn is endowed with superior biological activity in scavenging excessive ROS,inhibiting nLRP3 inflammasome activation,decreasing proinflammatory cytokines expression,and suppressing cell ***,the DAn effectively alleviate ocular inflammation,promote corneal epithelial repair,recover goblet cell density and tear secretion,thus breaking the DED vicious *** findings open an avenue to make the DAn as an intervention form to DED and ROSmediated inflammatory diseases.

关键词： Dry eye disease DAn Dual-atom nanozyme Vicious cycle nLRP3 inflammasome nanomedicine

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Efficient and reversible separation of nH_(3) by deep eutectic solvents with multiple active sites and low viscosities

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 97-105页

作者： Jiayin Zhang Lu Zheng Siqi Fang Hongwei Zhang Zhenping cai Kuan Huang Lilong Jiang national Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst(nERC-CFC) College of Chemical EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory Quanzhou 362801China

The efficient separation and collection of ammonia(nH_(3))during nH_(3) synthesis process is essential to improve the economic efficiency and protect the *** this work,ethanolammonium hydrochloride(EtOHACl)and phenol(PhOH)were used to prepare a novel class of deep eutectic solvents(DESs)with multiple active sites and low *** nH_(3) separation performance of EtOHACl+PhOH DESs was analyzed *** is figured out that the nH_(3) absorption rates in EtOHACl+PhOH DESs are very *** nH_(3) absorption capacities are very high and reach up to 5.52 and 10.74 mol·kg1 at 11.2 and 100.4 kPa under 298.2 K,*** addition,the EtOHACl+PhOH DESs present highly selective absorption of nH_(3) over n_(2) and H_(2) and good regenerative properties after seven cycles of absorption/*** intrinsic separation mechanism of nH_(3) by EtOHACl+PhOH DESs was further revealed by spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemistry calculations.

关键词： Separation Absorption Ionic liquid Deep eutectic solvent Multiple active site Low viscosity

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The effects of inner electrode shape on the performance of dielectric barrier discharge reactor for oxidative removal of nO and SO_(2)

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第7期26卷 177-186页

作者：蔡云凯黄兵锋董飞祝能 School of Automotive Engineering Hubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan 442002People’s Republic of China Hubei Key Laboratory of Automotive Power Train and Electronic Control Shiyan 442002People’s Republic of China School of Energy and Power Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070People’s Republic of China School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081People’s Republic of China

Seagoing vessels are responsible for more than 90%of global freight traffic,but meanwhile,emission pollutants(nO_(x)and SO_(x))of seagoing vessels also cause serious air *** plasma(nTP)combined with wet scrubbing technology is considered to be a promising *** order to improve the oxidation efficiency and energy efficiency of the nTP reactor,the screw and rod inner electrodes of dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)reactor were *** analyze the mechanism,the optical emission spectra(OES)of nTP were measured and numerical calculation was *** experiment results show that the nO oxidation removal efficiency of screw electrode is lower than that of rod ***,the SO_(2)removal efficiency of screw electrode is *** to the OES experiment and numerical calculation,the electric field intensity of the screw electrode surface is much higher than that of the rod electrode surface,and it is easier to generate n radicals to form *** the same energy density condition,the OH radical generation efficiency of the screw electrode reactor is similar to that of the rod electrode,but the gas temperature in the discharge gap is ***,the SO2 oxidation efficiency of the thread electrode is *** study provides guidance for the optimization of oxidation efficiency and energy consumption of DBD reactor.

关键词： electrode dielectric oxidative

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Facile intercalation of alkali ions in WOfor modulated electronic and optical properties: Implications for artificial synapses and chromogenic application

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： Changmeng Huan Zihan Lu Silin Tang Yongqing cai Qingqing Ke Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of Macau School of Microelectronics Science and Technology Sun Yat-sen University

Tungsten oxides(WO3) are widely recognized as multifunctional systems owing to the existence of rich polymorphs. These diverse phases exhibit distinct octahedra-tilting patterns, generating substantial tunnels that are ideally suited for ***, a quantitative comprehension regarding the impact of distinct phases on the kinetics of intercalated conducting ions remains lacking. Herein, we employ first-principles calculations to explore the spatial and orientational correlations of ion transport in γ-and h-WO3, shedding light on the relationship between diffusion barriers and the size of the conducting ions. Our findings reveal that different types and concentrations of alkali-metals induce distinct and continuous lattice distortions in WO3polymorphs. Specifically, γ-WO3is more appropriate to accommodate Li+ions, exhibiting a diffusion barrier and coefficient of0.25 e V and 9.31×10-8cm2s-1, respectively. Conversely, h-WO3features unidirectional and sizeable tunnels that facilitate the transport of K+ions with an even lower barrier and a high coefficient of 0.11 eV and 2.12×10-5cm2s-1, respectively. Furthermore, the introduction of alkali-metal into WO3tunnels tends to introduce n-type conductivity by contributing s-electrons to the unoccupied W 5d states, resulting in enhanced conductivity and tunable electronic structures. These alkali metals in WO3tunnels are prone to charge transfer, forming small polaronic states and modulating the light absorption in the visible and nearinfrared regions. These tunable electronic and optical properties, combined with the high diffusion coefficient, underscore the potential of WO3in applications such as artificial synapses and chromogenic devices.

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Upgrading waste nOinto amino acids via electrocatalysis on Co nanoparticles encapsulated in hollow carbon nanofibers

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Jiahui Xian Kaixing cai Peisen Liao Shihan Wang Guangqin Li IGCME Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education LIFM Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry

Electrocatalytic conversion of waste nitrogen oxide (nOx) into value-added nitrogenous chemicals, especially amino acid, is an emerging strategy to alleviate nOxpollution. However, this process suffers from the coexistence of multiple competitive reactions leading to complex product distribution and low efficiency, and thus the rational design and modulation of efficient catalysts remains a formidable challenge. Herein, well-designed Co nanoparticles encapsulated in hollow carbon nanofiber (CoHCnF) were constructed to promote the amino acid electrosynthesis via dealing waste nOxcoupling with biomass-derived keto acids. Ascribed to the rapid reactant diffusion, electron transport and efficient contact with abundant accessible Co catalytic sites stemmed from the unique hollow nanotubular structure, Co-HCnF manifested impressive glycine synthesis performance in one-pot adopting nO as the nitrogen source with Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 41.7%and a corresponding yield rate of 222.3μmol h-1as well as 120 h robust stability. Interestingly, it also demonstrates an excellent performance with the FE of 42.8%for nO3~– solution as the nitrogen source. Specially, this strategy displays a broad universality for the synthesis of other amino acids. This work not only highlights the importance of hollow-structuring electrocatalyst towards upgrading wasted nOxspecies into amino acids, but also promotes the further development of electrosynthetic systems for high-valued n-containing organic chemicals.

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Primordial black hole mass functions as a probe of cosmic origin

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 164-171页

作者： Yi-Fu cai Chengfeng Tang Geyu Mo Sheng-Feng Yan Chao Chen Xiao-Han Ma Bo Wang Wentao Luo Damien A.Easson Antonino Marcianò Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory for Researches in Galaxies and Cosmology/Department of Astronomy School of Astronomy and Space ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Istituto nazionale di Fisica nucleare(InFn) Sezione di MilanoMilano 20146Italy DiSAT Universitàdegli Studi dell'InsubriaComo 22100Italy Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Physics Arizona State UniversityTempe 85287-1504USA Department of Physics&Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Laboratori nazionali di Frascati InFn Via Enrico Fermi 541 Frascati(Roma)00044Italy InFn sezione Roma Tor Vergata Rome I-00133Italy School of Physics University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu11731China

We discuss a novel window to probe the origin of our universe via the mass functions of primordial black holes(PBHs).The mass functions of PBHs are simply estimated using the conventional Press-Schechter formalism for two paradigms of cosmic origin,including inflationaryΛCDM and bounce *** standard inflationaryΛCDM model cannot generate an appreciable number of massive PBHs;however,non-trivial inflation models with blue-tilted power spectra at small scales and matter bounce cosmology provide formation mechanisms for heavy PBHs,which in turn,may seed the observed supermassive black holes(SMBHs).By fitting the SMBH mass functions at high redshift(z~6)derived from Sloan Digital Sky Survey(SDSS)and Canada-France High-z Quasar Survey(CFHQS)quasars,for two paradigms of cosmic origin,we derive constraints on the PBH density fraction fPBHat z~6 and the characteristic mass M_(★),with the prior assumption that all SMBHs stem from *** demonstrate that this newly proposed procedure,relying on astronomical measurements that utilize deep-field surveys of SMBHs at high redshift,can be used to constrain models of cosmic ***,although not the main focus of this paper,we evolve the mass function from z~6 to z~0 through an assumption of 3×10^(8)-year Eddington’s accretion,and give a rough estimation of fPBHat z~0.

关键词： origin cosmic massive

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Characteristics of rural domestic sewage discharge and their driving mechanisms: evidence from the northern Region, China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 47-58页

作者： Jianguo Liu Ziyu Zhou Pengyu Li Zixuan Wang Ying Yan Xuezheng Yu Wenkai Li Tianlong Zheng Yingnan Cao Wenjun Wu Wenqian cai Zhining Shi Junxin Liu Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region College of Resources and Environmental EngineeringInner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China SCEGC no.12 Construction Engineering Group Co. Ltd.Ankang 725000China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Planning and Policy Simulation Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing 100041China Technical Centre for Soil Agriculture and Rural Ecology and EnvironmentMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentBeijing 100012China Sustainable Infrastructure and Resource Management(SIRM) UniSA STEMUniversity of South AustraliaSouth AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

The traits of rural domestic sewage emission are unclear,negatively affecting rural domestic sewage treatment and sewage *** study used data from the Second national Pollution Source Census Bulletin to establish a data *** spatial distribution characteristics and main factors influencing rural sewage discharge in the northern Region were studied using spatial autocorrelation analysis and structural *** findings demonstrated that(l)a significant Spearman correlation between drainage water volume(DwV),chemical oxygen demand(COD),ammonia nitrogen(nH_(3)-n),total nitrogen(Tn),and total phosphorus(TP)and that the correlation coefficients between DWV and COD,nH,-n,Tnand TP were 0.87**,1.0**,0.99**,0.99**,respectively;(2)rural sewage discharge showed spatial autocorrelation,and rural domestic sewage discharge in the districts and counties with an administration was significantly higher than in the surrounding areas;and(3)social development was the main driver rural domestic sewage changes(path coefficient was 0.407**),and the main factors influencing rural domestic sewage discharge were the urbanization rate,years of education,and population age *** study obtained the spatial variation law and clarified the main influencing factors of rural domestic sewage to provide data support and a theoretical basis for subsequent rural sewage collection and *** of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in northern China as a typical case,provides a theoretical foundation for scientific decision-making on rural domestic sewage treatment at the national and regional levels and offers new perspectives for managing pollutants.

关键词： Rural domestic sewage Emission characteristics Spatial autocorrelation analysis Influencing factors

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Knowledge-embedded spatio-temporal analysis for euploidy embryos identification in couples with chromosomal rearrangements

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第6期137卷 694-703页

作者： Fangying Chen Xiang Xie Du cai Pengxiang Yan Chenhui Ding Yangxing Wen Yanwen Xu Feng Gao Canquan Zhou Guanbin Li Qingyun Mai Reproductive Medicine Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine GuangzhouGuangdong 510080China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510006China Department of General Surgery(Colorectal Surgery) The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510655China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510655China Biomedical Innovation Center The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510655China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai 200232China

Background:The goal of the assisted reproductive treatment is to transfer one euploid blastocyst and to help infertile women giving birth one healthy *** algorithms have been used to assess the ploidy status of embryos derived from couples with normal chromosome,who subjected to preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy(PGT-A)***,it is currently unknown whether artificial intelligence model can be used to assess the euploidy status of blastocyst derived from populations with chromosomal ***:From February 2020 to May 2021,we collected the whole raw time-lapse videos at multiple focal planes from in vitro cultured embryos,the clinical information of couples,and the comprehensive chromosome screening results of those blastocysts that had received PGT ***,we developed a novel deep learning model called the Attentive Multi-Focus Selection network(AMSnet)to analyze time-lapse videos in real time and predict blastocyst *** upon AMSnet,we integrated additional clinically predictive variables and created a second deep learning model,the Attentive Multi-Focus Video and Clinical Information Fusion network(AMCFnet),to assess the euploidy status of *** efficacy of the AMCFnet was further tested in embryos with parental chromosomal *** receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was used to evaluate the superiority of the ***:A total of 4112 embryos with complete time-lapse videos were enrolled for the blastocyst formation prediction task,and 1422 qualified blastocysts received PGT-A(n=589)or PGT for chromosomal structural rearrangement(PGT-SR,n=833)were enrolled for the euploidy assessment task in this *** AMSnet model using seven focal raw time-lapse videos has the best real-time *** real-time accuracy for AMSnet to predict blastocyst formation reached above 70%on the day 2 of embryo culture,and then increased to 80%on the day 4 of embryo ***

关键词： Euploidy status Embryo Time-lapse imaging Deep learning Spatio-temporal analysis Preimplantation genetic testing for chromosomal structural rearrangement

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