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Review of Electrical and Electronic Architectures for Autonomous Vehicles:Topologies,Networking and Simulators

Automotive Innovation 2024年第1期7卷 82-101页

作者： Wenwei Wang Kaidi Guo Wanke Cao hailong zhu Jinrui Nan Lei Yu National Engineering Research Center of Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of Technology(BIT)Beijing 100081China Shenzhen Automotive Research Institute Beijing Institute of Technology(BIT)Shenzhen 518000China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationBeijing 100876China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211111China Beijing Kawen New Energy Vehicle Co. LTDBeijing 102209China

With the rapid development of autonomous vehicles,more and more functions and computing requirements have led to the continuous centralization in the topology of electrical and electronic(E/E)architectures.While certain Tier1 suppliers,such as BOSCH,have previously proposed a serial roadmap for E/E architecture development,implemented since 2015 with significant contributions to the automotive industry,lingering misconceptions and queries persist in actual engineering processes.Notably,there are concerns regarding the perspective of zone-oriented E/E architectures,characterized by zonal concentration,as successors to domain-oriented E/E architectures,known for functional concentration.Addressing these misconceptions and queries,this study introduces a novel parallel roadmap for E/E architecture development,concurrently evaluating domain-oriented and zone-oriented schemes.Furthermore,the study explores hybrid E/E architectures,amalgamating features from both paradigms.To align with the evolution of E/E architectures,networking technologies must adapt correspondingly.The networking mechanisms pivotal in E/E architecture design are comprehensively discussed.Additionally,the study delves into modeling and verification tools pertinent to E/E architecture topologies.In conclusion,the paper outlines existing challenges and unresolved queries in this domain.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles Electrical and electronic architectures Topology Networking Domain-oriented Zone-oriented

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Improved damage tolerance and oxidation resistance of (Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)–SiC by introducing chopped carbon fibers

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第1期13卷 101-112页

作者： Feilong Huang hailong Wang Cheng Fang Mingliang Li Gang Shao Jinpeng zhu Yanchun Zhou School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

High-entropy diborides(HEBs)are considered as promising high-temperature structure materials owing to their high melting point and excellent thermal stability.However,the intrinsic brittleness is the main obstacle that seriously limits their practical applications.To overcome with this obstacle,carbon fibers(Cf)with outstanding mechanical properties are used in the present work as a first attempt to improve the damage tolerance of HEBs.The as-prepared C_(f)/(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)–SiC composite(C_(f)/HEB–SiC)shows high relative density(97.9%)and good mechanical properties with flexural strength of 411±3 MPa and fracture toughness of 6.15±0.11 MPa·m^(1/2).More importantly,the damage tolerance parameter(Dt)has increased from 0.10 m^(1/2) for HEB–SiC to 0.29 m^(1/2) for C_(f)/HEB–SiC.Through microstructural analysis and Vickers indentation of the composite,the toughening mechanisms are disclosed.The carbon fibers coated with carbon coatings demonstrate unique capacity for prolonging the crack propagation path,which promotes the reliability of the composite effectively.Moreover,the C_(f)/(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)–SiC composite also exhibits good static oxidation resistance in the temperature range of 1100–1500℃in air due to the formation of the protective oxide layer constituting of multicomponent oxides(Zr)HfTiO4 and(Zr)Hf_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17) embedded in a continuous SiO_(2) glass.These results are promising,and this primary work can be used as a reference to the synthesis of C_(f)/HEBs for thermal protection materials under hightemperature serving conditions.

关键词： high-entropy ceramics carbon fibers(Cf) toughening mechanisms oxidation resistance

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Ternary layered boride MoAlB:A novel thermo-regulation microwave absorbing ceramic material

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 699-710页

作者： Zhangjue Wang Fan Zhang Nannan Wang Wei Li Yongqiang Chen hailong Wang Rui Zhang Yanqiu zhu Bingbing Fan School of Material Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Henan Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou 450046China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life Cycle Safety for Composite Structures MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals MaterialsSchool of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany School of Material Science and Engineering Luoyang Institute of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China Department of Engineering Faculty of EnvironmentScience and EconomyUniversity of ExeterExeter EX44QFUK

In the context of the fifth-generation(5G)smart era,the demand for electromagnetic wave(EMW)-absorbing materials has become increasingly prominent,so it is necessary to explore promising candidate materials.This work focuses on the exploration of the material absorbing properties of a MoAlB MAB(MAB represents a promising group of alternatives,where M stands for a transition metal,A typically denotes Al,and B is boron)phase system.First,the first-principles calculations were performed to reveal the unique crystal and layered structure of the MoAlB ceramics and to predict their potential for use as an EMW absorption material.Subsequently,a series of MoAlB ceramics were synthesized at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1300°C,and the influence of temperature on the phase compositions and microstructures of the obtained MoAlB ceramics was characterized and analyzed.Finally,the practical EMW absorption performance of the prepared MoAlB ceramics was evaluated via a combination of experiments and radar cross-sectional calculations.The MoAlB sample synthesized at 900°C exhibits superior EMW absorption performance,achieving an impressive minimum reflection loss(RL)of−50.33 dB.The unique layered structure and good electrical conductivity of the MoAlB samples are the main reasons for their enhanced wave absorption performance,which provides interfacial polarization and multiple dielectric loss mechanisms.Therefore,this study not only contributes to the understanding of the preparation of MoAlB materials but also provides potential guidance for their utilization in the realm of electromagnetic wave absorption.

关键词： MoAlB electronic band structure electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption layered ternary boride density of states

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Polystyrene nanoplastics induce glycolipid metabolism disorder via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway in mice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 553-566页

作者： Xingpei Fan Xiaoyan Li Jiaxin Li Yuxia Zhang Xiangjuan Wei hailong Hu Boya Zhang Haining Du Meimei Zhao Ruijiao zhu Daqian Yang Yuri Oh Ning Gu School of Life Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150006China Department of Medicine Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension DivisionDepartment of GeneticsPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia 19104USA Faculty of Education Wakayama UniversityWakayama 640-8441Japan

Nanoplastics-induced developmental and reproductive toxicity,neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity are a focus of widespread attention.However,the effects of nanoplastics(NPs)on glycolipid metabolism and the precise underlying mechanisms are unclear at present.Here,we showed that oral administration of polystyrene nanoparticles(PS-NPs)disrupts glycolipid metabolism,with reactive oxygen species(ROS)identified as a potential key signaling molecule.After PS-NPs treatment,excessive production of ROS induced the infammatory response and activated the antioxidant pathway through nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2.The activation of nuclear factor-κB(NFκB)signaling pathway induced the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK)signaling pathway,which induced the activation of extracellular regulated kinases(ERK)and p38.Constitutive activation of the MAPK signaling proteins induced high continued phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1,in turn,leading to decreased protein kinase B(Akt)activity,which weakened the sensitivity of liver cells to insulin signals and induced insulin resistance.In parallel,phosphorylation of Akt led to loss of control of Fo XO1,a key gene of gluconeogenesis,activating transcription of glucose-6-phosphatase(G6PC)and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PEPCK)in a manner dependent on PGC1α.Moreover,the activated ERK promoted lipid accumulation through ERK-PPARγcascades.Therefore,sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 and levels of its downstream lipogenic enzymes,ACC-1,were up-regulated.Upon treatment with the antioxidant resveratrol,PS-NPs-induced glucose and lipid metabolic disorders were improved by inhibiting ROS-induced activation of NFκB and MAPK signaling pathway in mice.Based on above,PS-NPs exposure disrupts glycolipid metabolism in mice,with ROS identified as a potential key signaling molecule.

关键词： Nanoplastics Resveratrol Hyperglycemia Lipid metabolism Infammatory response Reactive oxygen species(ROS)

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PVDF/6H-SiC composite fiber films with enhanced piezoelectric performance by interfacial engineering for diversified applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 238-245页

作者： Linlin Zhou Tao Yang Chunyu Guo Kang Wang Enhui Wang Laipan zhu hailong Wang Sheng Cao Kuo-Chih Chou Xinmei Hou Institute for Carbon Neutrality University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China School of Materials Science Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Piezoelectric silicon carbide(SiC)has been quite attractive due to its superior chemical and physical properties as well as wide potential applications.However,the inherent brittleness and unsatisfactory piezoelectric response of piezoelectric semiconductors remain the major obstacles to their diversified applications.Here,flexible multifunctional PVDF/6H-SiC composite fiber films are fabricated and utilized to assemble both piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)and stress/temperature/light sensors.The open cir-cuit voltage(V_(oc))and the density of short circuit current(I_(sc))of the PENG based on the PVDF/5 wt%6H-SiC composite fiber films reach 28.94 V and 0.24μA cm^(-2),showing a significant improvement of 240%and 300%compared with that based on the pure PVDF films.The effect of 6H-SiC nanoparticles(NPs)on inducing interfacial polarization and stress concentration in composite fiber films is proved by first-principles calculation and finite element analysis.The stress/temperature/light sensors based on the composite fiber film also show high sensitivity to the corresponding stimuli.This study shows that the PVDF/6H-SiC composite fiber film is a promising candidate for assembling high-performance energy harvesters and diverse sensors.

关键词： 6H-SiC PVDF Multifunctional composite fiber film Energy harvester Stress/temperature/light sensor

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Milling Fault Detection Method Based on Fault Tree Analysis and Hierarchical Belief Rule Base

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第9期46卷 2821-2844页

作者： Xiaoyu Cheng Mingxian Long Wei He hailong zhu School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Harbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025China High-Tech Institute of Xi’an Xi’anShanxi710025China

Expert knowledge is the key to modeling milling fault detection systems based on the belief rule base.The construction of an initial expert knowledge base seriously affects the accuracy and interpretability of the milling fault detection model.However,due to the complexity of the milling system structure and the uncertainty of the milling failure index,it is often impossible to construct model expert knowledge effectively.Therefore,a milling system fault detection method based on fault tree analysis and hierarchical BRB(FTBRB)is proposed.Firstly,the proposed method uses a fault tree and hierarchical BRB modeling.Through fault tree analysis(FTA),the logical correspondence between FTA and BRB is sorted out.This can effectively embed the FTA mechanism into the BRB expert knowledge base.The hierarchical BRB model is used to solve the problem of excessive indexes and avoid combinatorial explosion.Secondly,evidence reasoning(ER)is used to ensure the transparency of the model reasoning process.Thirdly,the projection covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategies(P-CMA-ES)is used to optimize the model.Finally,this paper verifies the validity model and the method’s feasibility techniques for milling data sets.

关键词： Fault detection milling system belief rule base fault tree analysis evidence reasoning

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Characterization of alpine meadow surface crack and its correlation with root-soil properties

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第6期16卷 834-851页

作者： WU Yuechen zhu Haili ZHANG Yu ZHANG hailong LIU Guosong LIU Yabin LI Guorong HU Xiasong School of Geological Engineering Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China Key Laboratory of the Cenozoic Resources and Environment on the North Rim of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Xining 810016China Qinghai Provincial Transportation Planning and Design Research Institute Co.Ltd. Xining 810002China

Quantifying surface cracks in alpine meadows is a prerequisite and a key aspect in the study of grassland crack development.Crack characterization indices are crucial for the quantitative characterization of complex cracks,serving as vital factors in assessing the degree of cracking and the development morphology.So far,research on evaluating the degree of grassland degradation through crack characterization indices is rare,especially the quantitative analysis of the development of surface cracks in alpine meadows is relatively scarce.Therefore,based on the phenomenon of surface cracking during the degradation of alpine meadows in some regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,we selected the alpine meadow in the Huangcheng Mongolian Township,Menyuan Hui Autonomous County,Qinghai Province,China as the study area,used unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)sensing technology to acquire low-altitude images of alpine meadow surface cracks at different degrees of degradation(light,medium,and heavy degradation),and analyzed the representative metrics characterizing the degree of crack development by interpreting the crack length,length density,branch angle,and burrow(rat hole)distribution density and combining them with in situ crack width and depth measurements.Finally,the correlations between the crack characterization indices and the soil and root parameters of sample plots at different degrees of degradation in the study area were analyzed using the grey relation analysis.The results revealed that with the increase of degradation,the physical and chemical properties of soil and the mechanical properties of root-soil composite changed significantly,the vegetation coverage reduced,and the root system aggregated in the surface layer of alpine meadow.As the degree of degradation increased,the fracture morphology developed from"linear"to"dendritic",and eventually to a complex and irregular"polygonal"pattern.The crack length,width,depth,and length density were identified as the crack characterization indices via analysis of variance.Th

关键词： alpine meadow grassland degradation grassland cracks crack characterization index crack morphology root length density grey relation analysis

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Topic-Aware Abstractive Summarization Based on Heterogeneous Graph Attention Networks for Chinese Complaint Reports

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3691-3705页

作者： Yan Li Xiaoguang Zhang Tianyu Gong Qi Dong hailong zhu Tianqiang Zhang Yanji Jiang Engineering Technical Department China FAWGroup Co.Ltd.Changchun130012China Suzhou Automotive Research Institute Tsinghua UniversitySuzhou215200China College of Software Liaoning Technical UniversityFuxin125105China

Automatic text summarization(ATS)plays a significant role in Natural Language Processing(NLP).Abstractive summarization produces summaries by identifying and compressing the most important information in a document.However,there are only relatively several comprehensively evaluated abstractive summarization models that work well for specific types of reports due to their unstructured and oral language text characteristics.In particular,Chinese complaint reports,generated by urban complainers and collected by government employees,describe existing resident problems in daily life.Meanwhile,the reflected problems are required to respond speedily.Therefore,automatic summarization tasks for these reports have been developed.However,similar to traditional summarization models,the generated summaries still exist problems of informativeness and conciseness.To address these issues and generate suitably informative and less redundant summaries,a topic-based abstractive summarization method is proposed to obtain global and local features.Additionally,a heterogeneous graph of the original document is constructed using word-level and topic-level features.Experiments and analyses on public review datasets(Yelp and Amazon)and our constructed dataset(Chinese complaint reports)show that the proposed framework effectively improves the performance of the abstractive summarization model for Chinese complaint reports.

关键词： Text summarization topic Chinese complaint report heterogeneous graph attention network

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Spatiotemporal distribution, environmental risk and carbon emission reduction potential of livestock manure in Shaanxi Province, China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第3期11卷 381-396页

作者： Mengyuan QIAO Jianchun zhu Ronghua LI Junting PAN Ran XIAO hailong WANG Kuok Ho Daniel TANG Zengqiang ZHANG College of Humanities & Social Development Northwest A&F University College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin College of Resources and Environment Southwest University Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Foshan University Department of Environmental Science University of Arizona

Shaanxi is a leading province in animal husbandry（AH） in China. However, the lack of provincial information on the characteristics and utilization potential of livestock manure（LM） hinders crucial management decisions. Therefore, we investigated the spatiotemporal distribution, availability and biogas potential of LM in Shaanxi, and examine the carbon emission reduction potential of AH.There has been a 1.26-fold increase in LM quantities in Shaanxi over the past 35 years, reaching 4635.6 × 10～4 t by 2021. LM was mainly concentrated in northern Shaanxi and the eastern part of Hanzhong. Cattle and pig manure were the primary sources of LM, with the average LM land-load of 14.57 t·ha-1in 2021. While the overall AH in Shaanxi has not exceeded the environmental capacity, the actual scales of AH in Ankang and Hanzhong have already surpassed the respective environmental capacities, posing a higher risk of N and P pollutions. In 2021, the estimated biogas energy potential of LM was 1.2 × 1011MJ. From 2012 to 2021, the average carbon emission reduction potential in Shaanxi was 22%, with an average potential scale of 10%. The results of this research provide valuable data and policy recommendations for promoting the intensive use of LM and reducing carbon emissions in Shaanxi.

关键词： Livestock manure emission estimation N and P loads biogas potential carbon emission reduction

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基于TSN的智能变电站流量确定性传输

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北京邮电大学学报 2024年第2期47卷 110-117页

作者：池颖英朱海龙李庆郑哲刘瑞北京智芯微电子科技有限公司北京102200 北京邮电大学信息与通信工程学院北京100876 网络通信与安全紫金山实验室南京211111

针对智能变电站三层两网及点对点传输架构存在的布线复杂和运维效率低下的问题,设计了一种基于时间敏感网络(TSN)的智能变电站“全站共网”的组网方案,以实现多种类型智能变电站报文在同一网络中混合传输。考虑到智能变电站通信网络流... 详细信息

针对智能变电站三层两网及点对点传输架构存在的布线复杂和运维效率低下的问题,设计了一种基于时间敏感网络(TSN)的智能变电站“全站共网”的组网方案,以实现多种类型智能变电站报文在同一网络中混合传输。考虑到智能变电站通信网络流量种类较多,针对较低时延要求的突发性事件报文和周期性报文混合传输带来的不确定性问题,利用IEEE 802.1Qbv中的时间感知整形器功能,对网络中所有具有时延要求的流量进行了调度规划,制定了流量调度约束,并求解了网络设备流量传输的调度参数。设计了两个场景下的仿真实验,将调度参数配置到仿真实验中的TSN节点,使得流量按照求解的时隙进行传输,并对有无Qbv门控调度和背景流量的干扰进行了多组对比实验。实验结果表明,制定的Qbv门控调度策略能够保证智能变电站多种流量的混合传输,具有严格时延要求的流量能够在专门的时隙中进行传输,调度流量不受背景流量的干扰,实现了智能变电站报文的低时延确定性传输。

关键词：智能变电站时间敏感网络时间感知整形器流量调度

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