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Evolution of insect diversity in the Jehol Biota

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第12期53卷 1908-1917页

作者： zhang haichun WANG Bo FANG Yan State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Insects of the Jehol Biota,also known as the Jehol Entomofauna,can be divided into three phases,approximately corresponding to the early,middle,and late Jehol *** early phase of the entomofauna is found in the Dabeigou Formation and its coeval horizons(ca.135-130 Ma).The middle phase is recorded from the lower-middle Yixian Formation(underlying the Jingangshan Bed) and its coeval strata(ca.130-122.5 Ma).The late phase is found in the lower Jiufotang Formation,the upper Yixian Formation(the Jingangshan and Huanghuashan beds) and their coeval horizons(ca.122.5-120 Ma).In major distribution areas of the Jehol Biota,the entomofauna changed greatly in species diversity with about 150 species in about 40 families and 11 orders in the early phase,a great increase up to about 500 species in about 100 families and 16 orders in the middle phase,and a decline to about 300 species in about 80 families and 14 orders in the late *** entomofauna can also be divided into four insect communities based on habitats or five insect groups based on feeding *** community or group varied in species diversity in a similar trend to the whole ***,it kept a comparatively stable position in the *** the four communities,the highest species diversity occurred in the forest community,followed by the aquatic,the soil,and the alpine *** the five groups,the highest species diversity appeared in the phytophagous group,followed by the carnivorous,the parasitic,the saprophagous,and the heterophagous groups.

关键词： Jehol Biota insects three phases species diversity ecosystem diversity evolution

An Extraordinary Early Jurassic Planthopper from Hunan (China) Representing a New Family Qiyangiricaniidae ***. (Hemiptera:Fulgoromorpha:Fulgoroidea)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第4期85卷 739-748页

作者： Jacek SZWEDO WANG Bo zhang haichun Muséum and Institute of Zoology Polish Academy of Sciences64Wilcza StreetPL00-679 WarsawPoland State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of SciencesNo.39East Beijing RoadNanjing 210008China

A new family of planthoppers Fulgoromorpha from the Lower Jurassic of southern China is described to comprise Qiyangiricania cesta Lin,*** new family differs in venation pattern from the other Jurassic representatives of Fulgoroidea,presenting particular model of tegmen venation,not found among extinct and recent *** Mesozoic stage of Fulgoroidea evolution is *** extinct taxon Ricaniites fulgens（Brodie,1845）from the Purbeck of United Kingdom is excluded from the Hemiptera.

关键词： new family Hemiptera Lower Jurassic taxonomy evolution

Application of Hydrocracking Process for Upgrading Tail Oil Quality in 1.0 Mt/a Hydrocracker Unit at SINOPEC Yangzi Petrochemical Company

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2009年第1期11卷 13-17页

作者： zhang haichun Dong Jianwei SINOPEC Yangzi Petrochemical Company Nanjing 210048 SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing

This article focuses on the hydrocracking technology for upgrading the quality of tail oil and the first commercial application of the RN-32V/RHC- 1 catalysts in the 1.0 Mt/a hydrocracker at the Yangzi Petrochemical Company, which was started up successfully in September 2008. One month after start-up of the hydrocracking unit, an evaluation opera- tion has been conducted fbr assessing the catalysts performance. The technical calibration results showed that the RN- 32V/RHC-1 catalysts had high activity, and the product yield distribution was reasonable. The hydrocracker can provide abundant feedstocks for the downstream aromatic production unit and ethylene production unit.

关键词： hydrocracking upgrading tail oil quality catalysts application

Paleogeographical Distribution of Mesozoic Palaeontinidae (Insecta, Hemiptera) in China with Description of New Taxa

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第1期84卷 31-37页

作者： WANG Bo zhang haichun FANG Yan State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy （Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences） Nanjing 210008 China

Until now, all Chinese palaeontinids have come from northern China and are more diverse than any other hemipterous insects in the Mesozoic. Most palaeontinids have been discovered from the area encompassing northern Hebei, the Ningcheng area of Inner Mongolia and western Liaoning. The difference in ubiquity of fossil records between northern and southern China is probably related to taphonomical and collecting bias. Records of Early and Late Jurassic palaeontinids are very scarce. The highest diversity of palaeontinid species occurs in the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou Lagerstfitte. Early Cretaceous palaeontinids of China are restricted to the typical distribution of Jehol Biota. Palaeontinodes sp. is described from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Yangshuwanzi, Inner Mongolia and is the only Palaeontinodes specimen from the Cretaceous. Plachutella exculpta zhang, 1997 from the Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation of Karamai, Xinjiang is re-described and some previously reported species of this genus are discussed.

关键词： Palaeontinidae Hemiptera diversity paleogeographical distribution Mesozoic China

Early Evolution of Apocrita (Insecta,Hymenoptera) as Indicated by New Findings in the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou,Northeast China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第4期84卷 834-873页

作者： Alexandr P. RASNITSYN zhang haichun Palaeontological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences 117997 Moscow Russia Natural History Museum London SW7 5BD UK State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy （Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology the Chinese Academy of Sciences） Nanjing 210008 China

The classification and phylogeny of the basal Vespina （= Orussoidea ＋ Apocrita） are reconsidered based primarily on rich and well preserved material from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou in Inner Mongolia, China. Comparatively smooth morphological transitions are traced from a Xiphydriidae-like ancestor toward Orussoidea via the Jurassic family Karatavitidae, and through Karatavitidae and the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous family Ephialtitidae independently to Stephanidae, to Evanioidea, and, via the extinct Jurassic Kuafuidae fam. nov. to the remaining Apocrita. New hypothesis is proposed concerning development of the characteristic wasp-waist of Apocrita, which is supposed to appear independently and in different ways in Evanioidea and in the rest of Apocrita. As a result, six infraorders are proposed for the suborder Vespina with the following taxonomic structure： infraorder Orussomorpha including the only superfamily Orussoidea （Karatavitidae ＋ Paroryssidae ＋ Orussidae）, infraorder Stephanomorpha with the only superfamily Stephanoidea （Ephialtitidae ＋ Stephanidae）, infraorder Evaniomorpha with the only superfamily Evanioidea of traditional composition, infraorder Ceraphronomorpha with the superfamih＇es Ceraphronoidea s. str. and monotypical Megalyroidea and Trigonaloidea, and the infraorders Proctotrupomorpha, Ichneumonomorpha, and Vespomorpha of traditional composition. The family Kuafuidae is unplaced to infraorder because it is putatively paraphyletic with respect to Ceraphronomorpha, Proctotrupomorpha, Ichneumonomorpha and Vespomorpha. Described as new are Karatavites junfengi sp. nov, Praeratavites wuhuaensis sp. nov., P. perspicuus sp. nov, Postxiphydria daohugouensis gen. et sp. nov., P. ningchengensis gen. et sp. nov., Postxiphydroides strenuus gen. et sp. nov., Praeratavitoides amabilis gen. et sp. nov., Proapocritus densipediculus sp. nov., P. sculptus sp. nov., P. longantennatus sp. nov., P. formosus sp. nov., P. atropus sp. nov., P. elegans sp. nov., S

关键词： Apocrita origin wasp-waist origin Evanioidea fossil Hymenoptera Middle Jurassic Daohugou

Charophytes from the Upper Cretaceous to probably Paleocene Jiaozhou Formation in the Jiaolai Basin (Eastern China)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第4期92卷 1647-1648页

作者： LI Shal zhang haichun WANG Qifei WAN Xiaoqiao Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Center for Excellence in Life andPaleoenvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Objective The Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary （K-Pg boundary） marks the beginning of the Cenozoic, and is one of the most important geological boundaries. Charophytes are usually very abundant in the non-marine strata near the KPg boundary, and the change in the charophyte flora can help to recognize the K-Pg boundary. The position of KPg boundary in the Jiaolai Basin, eastem Shandong Province, China is still in dispute. The LK-1 borehole project, which was carried out by the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, produced a high-quality core in northern Jiaozhou, Shandong. In this core, lots of charophyte gyrogonites have been found from the Jiaozhou Formation for the first time. It is significant to study these charophytes, which further helps to find the K-Pg boundary in the Jiaolai Basin.

关键词： Charophytes from the Upper Cretaceous to probably Paleocene Jiaozhou Formation in the Jiaolai Basin LK Eastern China

A tentative study on the ultrastructure of the Middle Permian Acritarch Micrhystridium from western Yunnan, China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第21期43卷 1823-1826页

作者： Weiping Yang haichun zhang Fangming Xu Chinese Acad Sci Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol Nanjing 210008 Peoples R China

A preliminary study on the ultrastructure of Middle Permian Acritarch Micrhystridiumfrom western Yunnan has been made using laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). Some quite new features about the texture and ultrastructure of this kind of Acritarch has been detected for the first time, which opens up a new application of this advanced technique to microfossil study.

关键词： microflora ultrastructure laser scanning confocal microscope.

Maastrichtian Charophyte Flora from the Jiankou Section of the Jiaolai Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第2期94卷 556-557页

作者： LI Sha FANG Yanan WANG He WANG Qifei zhang haichun State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of Sciences.Nanjing 210008China Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

The latest Cretaceous strata of the Jiaolai Basin were studied in two scientific cores,including LK-1 drilled by the Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(Li et al.,2018;Li et al.,2020),and JK-1 drilled by the Shandong Institute of the Geological Survey and Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(Xu et al.,2017).However,outcrop sections were poorly studied,and the latest Cretaceous charophyte flora in particular had not previously been adequately documented from outcrops in the Jiaolai area.

关键词： Cretaceous Basin strata

Middle Jurassic Coptoclavidae (Insecta:Coleoptera:Dytiscoidea) from China:a Good Example of Mosaic Evolution

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第4期84卷 680-687页

作者： WANG Boa A. G. PONOMARENKO zhang haichun State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Paleontological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences ul. Profsoyuznaya 123 Moscow 117647 Russia

Adults of the aquatic coptoclavid beetles （Coleoptera： Adephaga： Dytiscoidea）, described from four Middle Jurassic fossil localities in Inner Mongolia and Liaoning in northeastern China, are attributed to Daohugounectes primitives Wang, Ponomarenko and zhang, 2009, which was previously proposed after study of larvae. The generic name Timarchopsis Brauer, Redtenbacber and Ganglbauer, 1889 is proposed as a substitute for the preoccupied and junior homonym Necronectes Ponomarenko, 1977, non Milne-Edwards, 1881. Furthermore, the subfamily name Necronectinae Ponomarenko, 1977 is substituted by the available name Timarchopsinae. Daohugounectes is placed into Timarchopsinae because its adults have long, slightly apically widened tibiae and small femoral plates. The adults of this genus differ from those of other Timarchopsinae in the following features： antennae short and widened in the middle part; basal segments of protarsi not cut apically; metaventrite with a triangular plate. The larvae look like somewhat primitive forms in the subfamily Timarchopsinae. In contrast to these primitive larvae, the adults with some advanced characters can be regarded as among the most advanced forms in the subfamily Timarchopsinae, and probably represent a transition between the Timarchopsinae and Charanoscaphinae. Such mosaic evolution within Daohugounectes indicates that the evolutionary process of aquatic beetles is far more complex than previously thought.

关键词： dytiscoid beetles Coptoclavidae Coleoptera mosaic evolution Jurassic Daohugou China