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建筑机电工程通风与空调工程的施工技术研究

中国厨卫 2024年第5期23卷 84-86页

作者：席海洋青岛交信城投置业有限公司山东青岛266000

通风与空调工程施工作为建筑机电工程中的重点内容,其安装质量将决定着最终使用性能。在建筑机电工程通风与空调工程施工中,应将工程整体状况作为前提,选用合理的施工技术,不断优化施工工艺,加强技术管理工作,确保各项工程按照标准进行... 详细信息

通风与空调工程施工作为建筑机电工程中的重点内容,其安装质量将决定着最终使用性能。在建筑机电工程通风与空调工程施工中,应将工程整体状况作为前提,选用合理的施工技术,不断优化施工工艺,加强技术管理工作,确保各项工程按照标准进行。基于此,文章研究了建筑机电工程通风与空调工程施工技术的应用,并提出了实用的施工技术措施,以提升建筑机电工程通风与空调工程施工的整体水平。

关键词：建筑机电工程通风与空调工程施工技术

干旱区盐碱土微生物特征及其影响因素研究进展

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中国沙漠 2024年第3期44卷 18-30页

作者：卫雨西陈丽娟冯起席海洋郭瑞张成琦中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室甘肃兰州730000 中国科学院大学北京100049

干旱区盐碱土是中国重要的土地资源,对其进行改良利用对于推进中国绿色可持续发展具有重要意义,关系着国家粮食安全与生态安全。微生物作为土壤生态系统的重要组成部分,在改良治理盐碱土、提高植物耐盐性等方面发挥着重要作用。开展干... 详细信息

干旱区盐碱土是中国重要的土地资源,对其进行改良利用对于推进中国绿色可持续发展具有重要意义,关系着国家粮食安全与生态安全。微生物作为土壤生态系统的重要组成部分,在改良治理盐碱土、提高植物耐盐性等方面发挥着重要作用。开展干旱区盐碱土微生物多样性、群落结构、功能特征及其影响因素的深入研究,可以为干旱区盐碱土的修复和生态重建提供微生物方面的重要参考。本文整理了干旱区盐碱土的概况,分析盐碱土中的微生物多样性、群落结构和生态功能特征,梳理盐碱环境对土壤微生物群落的影响因素,提出干旱区盐碱土微生物研究中存在的问题及今后的发展方向,以期为中国干旱区盐碱土开发利用和微生物资源管理提供参考。

关键词：干旱区盐碱化土壤微生物群落结构功能基因

Application of geodetector in sensitivity analysis of reference crop evapotranspiration spatial changes in Northwest China

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2021年第4期13卷 314-325页

作者： WenJu Cheng haiyang xi Sindikubwabo Celestin Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology of Inland River Basin Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China

Reference crop evapotranspiration(ET0)is an important parameter in the research of farmland irrigation management,crop water demand estimation and water balance in scarce data areas,therefore,it is very important to study the factors affecting the spatial variation of *** this paper,the Penman-Monteith formula was used to calculate ET0 which is the dependent variable of elevation(Elev),daily maximum temperature(T_(max)),daily minimum temperature(Tmin),daily average temperature(T_(mean)),wind speed(U_(2)),sunshine duration(SD)and relative humidity(RH).The sensitivity analysis of ET0 was performed using a Geodetector method based on spatial stratified *** applicability of Geodetector in sensitivity analysis of ET0 was verified by comparing it with existing research *** show that RH,Tmax,SD,and Tmean are the main factors affecting ET0 in Northwest China,and RH has the best explanatory power for the spatial distribu‐tion of *** has a unique advantage in sensitivity analysis,because it can analyze the synergistic effect of two factors on the change of *** interactive detector of Geodetector revealed that the synergistic effect of RH and Tmean on ET0 is very significant,and can explain 89%of the spatial variation of *** research provides a new method for sensitivity analysis of ET0 changes.

关键词： reference crop evapotranspiration Penman-Monteith geodetector sensitivity analysis northwest China

乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段土壤水盐空间分异特征及其成因

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中国沙漠 2024年第3期44卷 247-258页

作者：雍天张金霞陈丽娟席海洋张斌武甘开元甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院甘肃兰州730070 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室甘肃兰州730000 阿拉善盟林业草原研究所内蒙古阿拉善左旗750300

乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段土壤盐碱化治理对保障黄河流域生态安全、实现高质量发展具有重要意义。本文通过测定乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段45个采样点的土壤水盐数据,运用传统统计学和地统计学方法对该区土壤水盐空间分异特征及土壤盐碱化成因进... 详细信息

乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段土壤盐碱化治理对保障黄河流域生态安全、实现高质量发展具有重要意义。本文通过测定乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段45个采样点的土壤水盐数据,运用传统统计学和地统计学方法对该区土壤水盐空间分异特征及土壤盐碱化成因进行分析。结果表明:乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段土壤水盐碱含量整体呈现出自西向东、由南到北逐渐增大的趋势;其中非盐碱土占该区总面积的41.37%,轻、中、重度盐土分别占该区总面积的34.11%、10.56%和8.74%,极重度盐碱土出现在巴彦木仁苏木附近,占该区总面积的5.22%;而盐碱土以硫酸盐类(46.67%)和氯化物类(53.33%)为主;土壤质地对土壤盐分的影响最显著,其次为土壤全碳含量和含水量;气候干旱、降水稀少、黄河引流灌溉与地下水位抬升是乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段土壤盐碱化的主要原因。

关键词：乌兰布和沙漠土壤水分土壤盐分空间分布

Patterns,magnitude,and controlling factors of hydraulic redistribution of soil water by Tamarix ramosissima roots

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第3期5卷 396-407页

作者： TengFei YU Qi FENG JianHua SI haiyang xi Wei LI Research School of Arid Environment and Climate Change Lanzhou University Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Gansu Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center

Tamarix spp. （Saltcedar） is a facultative phreatophyte that can tolerate drought when groundwater is not accessed. In addition to deep water uptake, hydraulic redistribution （HR） is another factor contributing to the drought tolerance of Tarnarix spp. In this study, data on soil volumetric moisture content （0）, lateral root sap flow, and relevant climate variables were used to investigate the patterns, magnitude, and controlling factors of HR of soil water by roots of Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. in an extremely arid land in Northwest China. Results showed evident diurnal fluctuations in 0 at the depths of 30 and 50 cm, indicating ＂hydraulic lift＂（HL）. 0 increased remarkably at 10 and 140 cm but decreased at 30 and 50 cm and slightly changed at 80 cm after rainfall, suggesting a possible ＂hydraulic descent＂（HD）. However, no direct evidence was observed in the negative flow of lateral roots, supporting HR （including HL and HD） of T. ramosissima. The HR pathway unlikely occurred via lateral roots; instead, HR possibly occurred through adventitious roots with a diameter of 2-5 mm and a length of 60-100 cm. HR at depths of 20-60 cm ranged from 0.01-1.77 mm/d with an average of 0.43 mm/d, which accounted for an average of 22% of the estimated seasonal total water depletion at 0-160 cm during the growing season. The climate factors, particularly vapor pressure deficit and soil water potential gradient, accounted for at least 33% and 45% of HR variations with depths and years, respectively. In summary, T. ramosissima can be added to the wide list of existing species involved in HR. High levels of HR may represent a considerable fraction of daily soil water depletion and substantially improve plant water status. HR could vary tremendously in terms of years and depths, and this variation could be attributed to climate factors and soil water potential gradient.

关键词： drought tolerance phreatophyte hydraulic redistribution root sap flow Tamarix ramosissima

Comparable water use of two contrasting riparian forests in the lower Heihe River basin, Northwest China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第5期29卷 1215-1224页

作者： Tengfei Yu Qi Feng Jianhua Si xiaoyou Zhang haiyang xi Chunyan Zhao Alxa Desert Eco-hydrology Experimental Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology of Inland River Basin Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Gansu Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center Lanzhou 730000 China

Understanding forest ecosystem evapotranspiration（ET） is crucial for water-limited environments,particularly those that lack adequate quantified data such as the lower Heihe River basin of northwest China which is primarily dominated by Tamarix ramosissima *** Populus euphratica ***,we selected the growing season for 2 years （2012 and 2014） of two such forests under similar meteorological conditions to compare ET using the eddy covariance（EC） *** the growing seasons,daily ET of *** ranged from 0.3 to 8.0 mm day^（-1） with a mean of 3.6 mm day^（-1）,and daily ET of *** ranged from 0.9 to 7.9 mm day^（-1） with a mean of 4.6 mm day^（-1） for a total of 548 and 707 mm,*** significantly higher ET of the *** stand was directly linked to high soil evaporation rates under sufficient water availability from *** the soil evaporation was disregarded,water use was comparable to two contrasting riparian forests,a *** forest with a total transpiration of 465 mm and a *** forest with 473 *** analysis demonstrated that climate factors accounted for at least 80% of ET variation in both forest *** conclusion,water use of the riparian forests was low and comparable in this arid region,that suggest the long-term plant adaptation to the local climate and conditions of water availability.

关键词： Eddy covariance Evapotranspiration Heihe River basin Riparian forest

Non-growing season soil CO_2 efflux and its changes in an alpine meadow ecosystem of the Qilian Mountains,Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第4期5卷 488-499页

作者： ZongQiang CHANG xiaoQing LIU Qi FENG Zongxi CHE haiyang xi YongHong SU JianHua SI Alashan Desert Eco-hydrology Experimental Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Gansu Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Center Academy of Water Resource Conservation Forests in Qilian Mountains of Gansu Province

Most soil respiration measurements are conducted during the growing *** tundra and boreal forest ecosystems,cumulative,non-growing season soil CO2 fluxes are reported to be a significant component of these systems＇ annual carbon ***,little information exists on soil CO2 efflux during the non-growing season from alpine ***,comparing measurements of soil respiration taken annually versus during the growing season will improve the accuracy of estimating ecosystem carbon budgets,as well as predicting the response of soil CO2 efflux to climate *** this study,we measured soil CO2 efflux and its spatial and temporal changes for different altitudes during the non-growing season in an alpine meadow located in the Qilian Mountains,Northwest *** experiments on the soil CO2 efflux of alpine meadow from the Qilian Mountains were conducted along an elevation gradient from October 2010 to April *** measured the soil CO2 efflux,and analyzed the effects of soil water content and soil temperature on this *** results show that soil CO2 efflux gradually decreased along the elevation gradient during the non-growing *** daily variation of soil CO2 efflux appeared as a single-peak *** soil CO2 efflux was low at night,with the lowest value occurring between 02：00-06：***,values started to rise rapidly between 07：00-08：30,and then descend again between 16：00-18：*** peak soil CO2 efflux appeared from 11：00 to 16：*** soil CO2 efflux values gradually decreased from October to February of the next year and started to increase in ***-growing season Q10 （the multiplier to the respiration rate for a 10℃ increase in temperature） was increased with raising altitude and average Q10 of the Qilian Mountains was generally higher than the average growing season Q10 of the Heihe River ***,non-growing season soil CO2 efflux was relatively high in October and early spring and low in the *** soil CO2

关键词： non-growing season soil CO2 efflux spatial and temporal variation alpine meadow Q10 values Qilian Mountains

Using the concept of ecological groundwater level to evaluate shallow groundwater resources in hyperarid desert regions

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Journal of Arid Land 2012年第4期4卷 378-389页

作者： Qi FENG JiaZhong PENG JianGuo LI haiyang xi JianHua SI Alashan Desert Eco-hydrology Experimental Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Department of Geography Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710062China Gansu Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Center Lanzhou 730000China

This paper, based on the analysis and calculation of the groundwater resources in an arid region from 1980 to 2001, put forward the concept of ecological groundwater level threshold for either salinity control or the determination of ecological warning. The surveys suggest that soil moisture and soil salinity are the most important environmental factors in determining the distribution and changes in vegetation. The groundwater level threshold of ecological warning can be determined by using a network of groundwater depth observation sites that monitor the environmental moisture gradient as reflected by plant physiological characteristics. According to long-term field observations within the Ejin oases, the groundwater level threshold for salinity control varied between 0.5 m and 1.5 m, and the ecological warning threshold varied between 3.5 m and 4.0 m. The quantity of groundwater re- sources （renewable water resources, ecological water resources, and exploitable water resources） in arid areas can be calculated from regional groundwater level information, without localized hydrogeological data. The concept of groundwater level threshold of ecological warning was established according to water development and water re- sources supply, and available groundwater resources were calculated. The concept not only enriches and broadens the content of groundwater studies, but also helps in predicting the prospects for water resources development.

关键词： evaluation water resources Ejin oasis ecological groundwater level groundwater level threshold of ecologicalwarning

How changes of groundwater level affect the desert riparian forest ecosystem in the Ejina Oasis,Northwest China

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2019年第1期11卷 62-80页

作者： haiyang xi JingTian Zhang Qi Feng Lu Zhang JianHua Si TengFei Yu Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Alashan Desert Eco-hydrology Experimental Research Station University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CSIRO Land and Water Flagship

Groundwater is a key factor controlling the growth of vegetation in desert riparian systems. It is important to recognise how groundwater changes affect the riparian forest ecosystem. This information will not only help us to understand the ecological and hydrological process of the riparian forest but also provide support for ecological recovery of riparian forests and water-resources management of arid inland river basins. This study aims to estimate the suitability of the Water Vegetation Energy and Solute Modelling(WAVES) model to simulate the Ejina Desert riparian forest ecosystem changes,China, to assess effects of groundwater-depth change on the canopy leaf area index(LAI) and water budgets, and to ascertain the suitable groundwater depth for preserving the stability and structure of desert riparian forest. Results demonstrated that the WAVES model can simulate changes to ecological and hydrological processes. The annual mean water consumption of a Tamarix chinensis riparian forest was less than that of a Populus euphratica riparian forest, and the canopy LAI of the desert riparian forest should increase as groundwater depth decreases. Groundwater changes could significantly influence water budgets for T. chinensis and P. euphratica riparian forests and show the positive and negative effects on vegetation growth and water budgets of riparian forests. Maintaining the annual mean groundwater depth at around 1.7-2.7 m is critical for healthy riparian forest growth. This study highlights the importance of considering groundwater-change impacts on desert riparian vegetation and water-balance applications in ecological restoration and efficient water-resource management in the Heihe River Basin.

关键词： groundwater changes desert riparian forest Ejina Oasis WAVES leaf area index(LAI) water budgets