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Comprehensive applicability evaluation of four precipitation products at multiple spatiotemporal scales in Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第9期16卷 1232-1254页

作者： WANG Xiangyu XU Min KANG Shichang LI Xuemei han haidong LI Xingdong School of Mathematics Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Faculty of Geomatics Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China

Precipitation plays a crucial role in the water cycle of Northwest *** accurate precipitation data is crucial for regional water resource management,hydrological forecasting,flood control and drought ***,the applicability of multi-source precipitation products for long time series in Northwest China has not been thoroughly *** this study,precipitation data from 183 meteorological stations in Northwest China from 1979 to 2020 were selected to assess the regional applicability of four precipitation products(the fifth generation of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate(ERA5),Global Precipitation Climatology Centre(GPCC),Climatic Research Unit gridded Time Series Version 4.07(CRU TS v4.07,hereafter CRU),and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM))based on the following statistical indicators:correlation coefficient,root mean square error(RMSE),relative bias(RB),mean absolute error(MAE),probability of detection(POD),false alarm ratio(FAR),and equitable threat score(ETS).The results showed that precipitation in Northwest China was generally high in the east and low in the west,and exhibited an increasing trend from 1979 to *** with the station observations,ERA5 showed a larger spatial distribution difference than the other *** overall overestimation of multi-year average precipitation was approximately 200.00 mm and the degree of overestimation increased with increasing precipitation *** multi-year average precipitation of GPCC and CRU was relatively close to that of station *** trend of annual precipitation of TRMM was overestimated in high-altitude regions and the eastern part of Lanzhou with more *** the monthly scale,GPCC performed well but underestimated precipitation in the Tarim Basin(RB=-4.11%),while ERA5 and TRMM exhibited poor accuracy in high-altitude ***5 had a large bias(RB≥120.00%)in winter months

关键词： precipitation products the fifth generation of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate(ERA5) Global Precipitation Climatology Centre(GPCC) Climatic Research Unit gridded Time Series(CRU TS) Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) applicability evaluation Northwest China

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表碛覆盖型冰川参数提取方法研究进展

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冰川冻土 2024年第1期46卷 347-362页

作者：周卫永许民韩惠韩海东康世昌兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院甘肃兰州730070 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室甘肃兰州730000 地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心甘肃兰州730070 甘肃省地理国情监测工程实验室甘肃兰州730070 中国科学院大学北京100049 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院国家冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心甘肃兰州730000

表碛的存在影响了大气与冰川间的能量传输过程,一方面,促进了冰面湖(塘)、冰崖的发育;另一方面,改变了冰川的消融过程和水文模式。利用表碛各项属性和物理参数模型化气候-表碛-冰川间的相互作用和反馈过程能够正确认识表碛覆盖型冰川变... 详细信息

表碛的存在影响了大气与冰川间的能量传输过程,一方面,促进了冰面湖(塘)、冰崖的发育;另一方面,改变了冰川的消融过程和水文模式。利用表碛各项属性和物理参数模型化气候-表碛-冰川间的相互作用和反馈过程能够正确认识表碛覆盖型冰川变化的过程和机理,有助于准确估算和预测冰川物质平衡,进而判断冰川未来演变趋势。本文系统总结和对比了识别表碛范围、提取冰川流速以及获取表碛物理参数的各种技术手段,介绍了表碛覆盖影响下冰川消融模型的原理和应用情况,同时还对这些方法或模型的局限性和发展趋势进行了讨论。表碛覆盖型冰川所处山区地形起伏大、地表变化复杂,为遥感方法识别表碛范围和提取冰川流速带来了诸多困难,如现有表碛识别方法仍无法克服固有干扰因素的影响,而流速提取方法需具备较强抗干扰能力,且配对影像时间基线需尽可能短。当前表碛覆盖型冰川相关研究中关键参数、数据存在大量空缺的状况有望在将来得到改善,冰川动力学过程和表碛动态变化的模型描述将更为精细,冰川物质平衡、径流量等指标的评估和预测也将更为真实准确。

关键词：表碛覆盖型冰川表碛参数提取冰川流速提取冰川物质平衡能量平衡模型

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天山南坡阿克苏流域冰川物质平衡及其融水径流对气候变化的响应研究

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地学前缘 2024年第2期31卷 435-446页

作者：王鹏寿许民韩海东李振中宋轩宇周卫永兰州交通大学数理学院甘肃兰州730070 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室甘肃兰州730000 中国科学院大学北京100049 兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院甘肃兰州730070

冰川融水是西北干旱区水资源重要组成部分,定量评估其变化对中、下游生态环境保护和工农业经济可持续发展具有重要意义。本文基于国家气象台站日降水和气温资料、数字高程模型(DEM)以及第一次冰川编目数据,利用度日模型模拟了天山南坡... 详细信息

冰川融水是西北干旱区水资源重要组成部分,定量评估其变化对中、下游生态环境保护和工农业经济可持续发展具有重要意义。本文基于国家气象台站日降水和气温资料、数字高程模型(DEM)以及第一次冰川编目数据,利用度日模型模拟了天山南坡阿克苏流域1957—2017年冰川物质平衡及其融水径流变化,分析了融水径流组成及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明:1957—2017年流域年平均物质平衡为-94.6 mm w.e.,61年累积物质平衡为-5.8 m w.e.。流域冰川物质平衡线呈显著上升趋势,年均上升速率为1.6 m/a。研究区年均融水径流量为53.1×10^(8)m^(3),融水增加速率为0.24×10^(8)m^(3)/a,融水径流及其组成分量均呈显著增加趋势。在气候暖湿化背景下,流域降水的增加使得冰川区积累量增加,在剧烈的升温作用下,冰川消融加剧,气温对融水径流的作用增大,因此冰川物质平衡亏损产生的水文效应增强。研究结果可提升区域冰川水资源效应变化及其影响的认识。

关键词：度日模型冰川物质平衡融水径流阿克苏流域气候变化

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Characteristics of climate and melt runoff in the Koxkar Glacier River Basin, south slope of the Tianshan Mountains, Northwest China

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2019年第6期11卷 435-447页

作者： Min Xu haidong han ShiChang Kang Hua Tao State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China Division of Hydrology Water−Land Resources in Cold and Arid Regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of ScienceLanzhouGansu 730000China Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China

Hydrology of the high glacierized region in the Tianshan Mountains is an important water resource for arid and semiarid areas of China,even Central *** hydrological process is complex to understand,due to the high variability in cli mate and the lack of hydrometeorological *** on field observations,the present study analyzes the meteorological and hydrological characteristics of the Koxkar Glacier River Basin during 20082011;and the factors influencing climate impact on glacier hydrology are *** results show that precipitation at the terminus of the glacier was 426.2 mm,471.8 mm,624.9 mm,and 532 mm in 2008,2009,2010,and 2011,*** increases starting in May,reaches its highest value in July and August,and then starts to *** mean annual discharge was 118.23×106 m3 during the four years observed,with 87.0%occurring in the ablation season(May September).During the study period,the runoff in August accounted for 29%of total streamflow,followed by July(22%)and June(14%).The runoff exhibited obviously high interannual variability from April to September,induced by drastic changes in climate *** autocorrelations are very high for all the *** climate factors show different influences on *** highest correlation R between daily temperature and discharge was for a time lag of 23 days 2on the Koxkar Glacier(0.660.76).The daily depth of runoff to daily temperature and daily water vapor pressure had an R value of 0.56 and 0.69,respective ly,which could be described by an exponential function.A closer relationship is found between runoff and either tempera ture or water vapor pressure on a monthly scale;the R2 values are 0.65 and 0.78,*** study helps us to under stand the mechanisms of the hydrological meteorological system of typical regional glaciers and to provide a reference for glacier-runoff simulations and water-resource management.

关键词： melt runoff Koxkar Glacier hydrometeorological observation relationship

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The temporal and spatial variation of positive degree-day factors on the Koxkar Glacier over the south slope of the Tianshan Mountains, China, from 2005 to 2010

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2017年第5期9卷 425-431页

作者： Min Xu haidong han ShiChang Kang State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

The degree-day model is one important method to estimate glacier melt, which is based on the specific relationship between glacial melting and the sum of daily mean temperatures above the melting point. According to the observation data on the Koxkar Glacier(KG) from 2005 to 2010, we analyzed the temporal and spatial variation of degree-day factors(DDF) and its influential factors. The results indicate that the average value of DDF was 7.2~10.4 mm/(°C·d) on the KG from 2005 to 2010. It showed a decreasing trend between 3,700 m and 4,200 m, and the deceasing trend was more obvious in the upper part of the KG. On a spatial scale, the DDF increased evidently with increasing altitude. The DDF ranged from3.6 to 9.3 mm/(°C·d) at 3,700 m a.s.l., with the average value of 9.3 mm/(°C·d). It varied from 6.9 to 13.0 mm/(°C·d) at4,000 m a.s.l., with the average value of 10.2 mm/(°C·d). During the period of ablation, the fluctuation of DDF was not significant at the lower altitude(3,700 m a.s.l.), but it decreased at the higher altitudes(4,000 m a.s.l. and 4,200 m a.s.l.).The debris changes the transmission of heat, which accelerates the melting of a glacier; and the DDF showed high *** paper will provide the reference for temporal–spatial parameterization schemes of DDF on Tuomuer glaciers of the Tianshan Mountains.

关键词： degree-day factor temporal and spatial variation glacier ablation Koxkar Glacier

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“茶-菌-鸡”体系废弃物在家禽健康养殖中的应用研究

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福建畜牧兽医 2024年第4期46卷 63-66页

作者：俞成然余泽钦黄小云林嘉丽韩海东福建省农业科学院资源环境与土壤肥料研究所福州350013 武夷山市钦品茶业有限公司福建武夷山354300

茶和灵芝是我国传统药食两用的食品,含有丰富的营养成分和活性成分,如茶多酚、茶氨酸、灵芝多糖、三萜等。本文针对茶和灵芝的安全功能和药用功能及在畜禽饲料中的应用研究进展进行综述,旨在利用茶末、茶梗和灵芝菌糠等废弃物作为家禽... 详细信息

茶和灵芝是我国传统药食两用的食品,含有丰富的营养成分和活性成分,如茶多酚、茶氨酸、灵芝多糖、三萜等。本文针对茶和灵芝的安全功能和药用功能及在畜禽饲料中的应用研究进展进行综述,旨在利用茶末、茶梗和灵芝菌糠等废弃物作为家禽健康养殖的日粮添加剂配方,展望构建“茶-菌-鸡”生态循环种养体系的生态效益与亟待解决的问题。

关键词：茶灵芝安全功能药用功能家禽日粮添加剂配方

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Assessment of Water Provenances in Koxkar Glacier Region at the South Slope of Mt. Tianshan,China

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2019年第5期10卷 81-86,92页

作者： Wang Jian Xu Junli han haidong Xu Xiaohui School of Urban and Planning Yancheng Teachers UniversityYancheng 224007China State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Enviroment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Various water samples were collected for electrical conductivity (EC) and δ^18O analysis,and the proportion and contribution of atmospheric precipitation,glacier ice and shallow groundwater to discharge in the Koxkar glacier basin at the south slope of the Tianshan Mountains were *** results show that glacial ice-water recharge was dominant,accounting for 72.11% of the annual *** also had a significant positive correlation with temperature during the warm season (from May to September).However,glacier ice ablation replenishment still existed when the temperature in the cold season was below the critical temperature of 0 ℃.This could be that the heat generated by the friction between the ice body and the ice bed during the subglacial ice sliding process led ice to melt,what's more,the stored water in the geometric passages inside and below the glacier could slowly *** recharge accounted for 16.38% of the total *** supplement was small and its variation range was relatively small in the cold *** in the warm season,the amount of groundwater recharge increased and changed *** might be that the seasonal frozen soil in the basin was widely developed and was affected by temperature *** precipitation replenishment only accounted for 11.51%.The daily precipitation recharge river water had a significant response to regional precipitation,but there was hysteresis in time,and there was still precipitation recharge runoff even in the absence of precipitation.

关键词： Water provenance Conductivity δ^18O Three-component mixing models Koxkar glacier

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山地冰川储量估算方法研究进展

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冰川冻土 2016年第6期38卷 1630-1643页

作者：张伟韩海东中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室甘肃兰州730000 中国科学院大学北京100049

冰储量数据是预测冰川及海平面未来变化的初始参量,对其研究具有重要的理论与现实意义.目前冰储量估算的主要方法有实地测量法、经验公式法和物理分析法.系统分析和讨论了此三类估算方法的原理、发展现状及存在的问题,为山地冰川储量估... 详细信息

冰储量数据是预测冰川及海平面未来变化的初始参量,对其研究具有重要的理论与现实意义.目前冰储量估算的主要方法有实地测量法、经验公式法和物理分析法.系统分析和讨论了此三类估算方法的原理、发展现状及存在的问题,为山地冰川储量估算及冰川变化模拟研究等提供了方法参考.实地测量法估算精度高,适合中小型冰川的长期监测;经验公式法简单快速,适合大区域或全球性的冰储量估算;物理分析法相对复杂,优点是无需实测冰厚资料输入.机载测厚雷达、无人机等器测技术以及人工神经网络等理论模型为山地冰川储量估算的发展提供了新契机.

关键词：山地冰川冰储量估算方法

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Recent progress of glaciological studies in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2004年第4期14卷 401-410页

作者：刘时银王宁练段克勤 XIAO Cunde DING Yongjian han haidong Key Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteCASLanzhou 730000ChinaInstitute for Tibetan Plateau ResearchCASBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteCASLanzhou 730000ChinaChinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteCASLanzhou 730000China

Glacier inventory compilation during the past 20 years and modifications ofthat for the Eastern Pamir and Banggong Lake indicate that there are 46,342 modern glaciers with atotal area and volume of 59415 km^2 and 5601 km^3 respectively in China. These glaciers can beclassified into maritime and continental (including sub-continental and extremely continental)types. Researches show that glaciers in China have been retreating since the Little Ice Age and themass wastage was accelerated during the past 30 to 40 years. Being an important part ofglaciological studies in China, ice core climatic and environmental studies on Tibetan Plateau andin the Antarctica have provided abundant, high resolution information about past climatic andenvironmental evolution over the Tibetan Plateau and Antarctica. Except for different parametersrecorded in ice cores relating to climate and environment changes on Tibetan Plateau, records fromice cores extracted from different glaciers show that the discrepancies in climatic andenvironmental changes on the north and south parts of the plateau may be the consequence ofdifferent influencing effects from terrestrial and solar sources. Glaciological and meteorologicalphenomena imply that Lambert Glacier valley is an important boundary of climate in the eastAntarctica, which is thought to be connected with cyclonic activities and Circum-polar Waves overthe Antarctica.

关键词： glacier tibetan plateau ice core antarctica China

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Light-absorbing impurities on Keqikaer Glacier in western Tien Shan: concentrations and potential impact on albedo reduction

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2017年第2期9卷 97-111页

作者： YuLan Zhang ShiChang Kang Min Xu Michael Sprenger TanGuang Gao ZhiYuan Cong ChaoLiu Li JunMing Guo ZhiQiang Xu Yang Li Gang Li XiaoFei Li YaJun Liu haidong han State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Science Lanzhou Gansu 73000 China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101 China Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH Zurich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System (Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchCAS Beijing 100101 China Meteorological Bureau of Jimunai County Jimunai Xinjiang 836800 China Arid Meteorological Research Institute Lanzhou Meteorological Bureau Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China

Light-absorbing impurities on glaciers are important factors that influence glacial surface albedo and accelerate glacier melt. In this study, the quantity of light-absorbing impurities on Keqikaer Glacier in western Tien Shan, Central Asia, was measured. We found that the average concentrations of black carbon was 2,180 ng/g, with a range from 250 ng/g to more than 10,000 ng/g. The average concentrations of organic carbon and mineral dust were 1,738 ng/g and 194 μg/g, respectively. Based on simulations performed with the Snow Ice Aerosol Radiative model simulations, black carbon and dust are responsible for approximately 64% and 9%, respectively, of the albedo reduction, and are associated with instantaneous radiative forcing of 323.18 W/m2(ranging from 142.16 to 619.25 W/m2) and 24.05 W/m2(ranging from 0.15 to69.77 W/m2), respectively. For different scenarios, the albedo and radiative forcing effect of black carbon is considerably greater than that of dust. The estimated radiative forcing at Keqikaer Glacier is higher than most similar values estimated by previous studies on the Tibetan Plateau, perhaps as a result of black carbon enrichment by melt scavenging. Light-absorbing impurities deposited on Keqikaer Glacier appear to mainly originate from central Asia, Siberia, western China(including the Taklimakan Desert) and parts of South Asia in summer, and from the Middle East and Central Asia in winter.A footprint analysis indicates that a large fraction(>60%) of the black carbon contributions on Keqikaer Glacier comes from anthropogenic sources. These results provide a scientific basis for regional mitigation efforts to reduce black carbon.

关键词： light-absorbing impurities black carbon mineral dust glacier snow albedo Tien Shan

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