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Future directions for research on tissue-engineered trachea

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2022年第3期5卷 627-632页

作者： hai Tang Weiyan sun Yi chen Yunlang She Chang chen Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200433China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation Shanghai 200433China

As the only way for air to enter the lungs,the trachea plays an indispensable role in conducting,cleaning,and humidifying air.Tumors,trauma,and congenital disease of the trachea are serious threats to patients[1].Local tracheal disease can be treated with a balloon or stent,but for extensive tracheal disease,tracheal reconstruction after surgical resection is the only treatment[2–4].However,the tension of the anastomotic site also increases with expansion of the resection range,which causes a series of complications,such as poor anastomotic healing,anastomotic fistulae,and tracheal rupture,and even life-threatening complications in severe cases[5].

关键词： balloon healing congenital

Adaptive Tensor Rank Approximation for Multi-View Subspace Clustering

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2023年第4期32卷 840-853页

作者： sun Xiaoli hai Yang ZHANG Xiujun XU chen College of Mathematics and Statistics Shenzhen University School of Electronic and Communication Engineering Shenzhen Polytechnic National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen (NCAMS)

Multi-view subspace clustering under a tensor framework remains a challenging problem, which can be potentially applied to image classification, impainting, denoising, etc. There are some existing tensor-based multi-view subspace clustering models mainly making use of the consistency in different views through tensor nuclear norm(TNN). The diversity which means the intrinsic difference in individual view is always ignored. In this paper, a new tensorial multi-view subspace clustering model is proposed, which jointly exploits both the consistency and diversity in each view. The view representation is decomposed into view-consistent part(low-rank part) and view-specific part(diverse part). A tensor adaptive logdeterminant regularization(TALR) is imposed on the low-rank part to better relax the tensor multi-rank, and a view-specific sparsity regularization is applied on the diverse part to ensure connectedness property. Although the TALR minimization is not convex, it has a closedform analytical solution and its convergency is validated mathematically. Extensive evaluations on six widely used clustering datasets are executed and our model is demonstrated to have the superior performance.

关键词： Diversity Multi-view subspace clustering Tensor adaptive log-determinant View-specific sparsity Self-representation

LLTH‑YOLOv5:A Real‑Time Traffic Sign Detection Algorithm for Low‑Light Scenes

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Automotive Innovation 2024年第1期7卷 121-137页

作者： Xiaoqiang sun Kuankuan Liu Long chen Yingfeng Cai hai Wang Automotive Engineering Research Institute Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

Traffic sign detection is a crucial task for autonomous driving systems.However,the performance of deep learning-based algorithms for traffic sign detection is highly affected by the illumination conditions of scenarios.While existing algo-rithms demonstrate high accuracy in well-lit environments,they suffer from low accuracy in low-light scenarios.This paper proposes an end-to-end framework,LLTH-YOLOv5,specifically tailored for traffic sign detection in low-light scenarios,which enhances the input images to improve the detection performance.The proposed framework comproses two stages:the low-light enhancement stage and the object detection stage.In the low-light enhancement stage,a lightweight low-light enhancement network is designed,which uses multiple non-reference loss functions for parameter learning,and enhances the image by pixel-level adjustment of the input image with high-order curves.In the object detection stage,BIFPN is introduced to replace the PANet of YOLOv5,while designing a transformer-based detection head to improve the accuracy of small target detection.Moreover,GhostDarkNet53 is utilized based on Ghost module to replace the backbone network of YOLOv5,thereby improving the real-time performance of the model.The experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improves the accuracy of traffic sign detection in low-light scenarios,while satisfying the real-time requirements of autonomous driving.

关键词： Deep learning Traffic sign detection Low-light enhancement YOLOv5 Object detection

Chiral edge state coupling theory of transport in quantum anomalous Hall insulators

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第8期66卷 101-107页

作者： Rui chen hai-Peng sun Bin Zhou Dong-Hui Xu Department of Physics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of WurzburgWurzburg 97074Germany Departmentof Physicsand Chongqing Key Laboratory for Strongly Coupled Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 40044China Center of Quantum Materials and Devices Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The quantum anomalous Hall effect is characterized by a quantized Hall resistance with a vanishing longitudinal resistance.Many experiments reported the quantization of the Hall resistance,which is always accompanied by a non-vanishing longitudinal resistance that is several k?.Meanwhile,the non-vanishing longitudinal resistance exhibits a universal exponential decay with the increase in magnetic field.We propose that the coupling of chiral edge states,which has not been properly evaluated in the previous theories,can give rise to the non-vanishing longitudinal resistance.The coupling between the chiral edges states along the opposite boundaries can be assisted by magnetic domains or defects inside the sample bulk,which has been already identified in recent experiments.Our theory provides a potential mechanism to understand the experimental result in both magnetic topological insulator and moirésuperlattice systems.

关键词： quantum anomalous Hall effect quantum transport chiral edge state coupling

Thromboxane A2 receptor contributes to the activation of rat pancreatic stellate cells induced by 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α

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Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第12期133卷 1429-1435页

作者： Xiao-Li Zhang Fei Li Ye-Qing Cui Shuang Liu Hai-Chen Sun Department of General Surgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China

Background:Pancreatic stellate cells(PSCs)activation plays a critical role in the development of chronic pancreatitis.Previous studies confirmed that thromboxane A2 receptor(TxA2r)was overexpressed in activated PSCs in rats.The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of TxA2r in the activation of PSCs induced by 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α(8-epi-PGF2α).Methods:TxA2r expression in both quiescent and activated PSCs was detected by immunocytochemistry and immunoblot assay.Isolated PSCs were treated with 8-epi-PGF2α(10^-6,10^-7,10^-8 mol/L)for 48 h,and SQ29548(10^-4,10^-6,and 10^-7 mol/L),a TxA2r-specific antagonist,for 48 h,respectively,to identify the drug concentration with the best biological effect and the least cytotoxicity.Then isolated PSCs were treated with SQ29548(10^-4 mol/L)for 2 h,followed by 10^-7 mol/L 8-epi-PGF2α for 48 h.Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the messenger RNA(mRNA)levels of a-smooth muscle actin(a-SMA)and collagen I.Comparisons between the groups were performed using Student’s t test.Results:TxA2r was up-regulated in activated PSCs in vitro compared with quiescent PSCs(all P<0.001).Compared with the control group,different concentrations of 8-epi-PGF2α significantly increased mRNA levels of a-SMA(10^-6 mol/L:2.23±0.18 vs.1.00±0.07,t=10.70,P<0.001;10^-7 mol/L:2.91±0.29 vs.1.01±0.08,t=10.83,P<0.001;10^-8 mol/L,1.67±0.07 vs.1.00±0.08,t=11.40,P<0.001)and collagen I(10^-6 mol/L:2.68±0.09 vs.1.00±0.07,t=24.94,P<0.001;10^-7 mol/L:2.12±0.29 vs.1.01±0.12,t=6.08,P<0.001;10^-8 mol/L:1.46±0.15 vs.1.00±0.05,t=4.93,P=0.008).However,different concentrations of SQ29548 all significantly reduced the expression of collagen I(10^-4 mol/L:0.55±0.07 vs.1.00±0.07,t=10.47,P<0.001;10^-6 mol/L:0.56±0.10 vs.1.00±0.07,t=6.185,P<0.001;10^-7 mol/L:0.27±0.04 vs.1.00±0.07,t=15.41,P<0.001)and a-SMA(10^-4 mol/L:0.06±0.01 vs.1.00±0.11,t=15.17,P<0.001;10^-6 mol/L:0.28±0.03 vs.1.00±0.11,t=11.29,P<0.001;10^-7 mol/L:0.14±0.04 vs.1.00±0.11,t=12.86,P<0.001).After being treated with SQ29548(10^-4

关键词： Pancreatic stellate cells Thromboxane A2 receptor 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α SQ29548

Effect of the medication injection site on treatment efficacy in pediatric cerebral palsy: conventional sites vs acupoints

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2019年第5期39卷 716-721页

作者： sun Yan chen hai Wu chengyan Teaching Office School of Rehabilitation MedicineHenan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450058China Prescription Traching and Research Section Institute of Literature in Chinese MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210046China Prescription Traching and Research Section Institute of Literature in Chinese MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210046China Department of Children's Rehabilitation The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

OBJECTIVE: To analyze treatment effectiveness in terms of the medication injection site. METHODS: The medical records of 423 patients with cerebral palsy who were admitted to Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2009 and December 2016 were collected. All cases were divided into T1, T2, T3, and T4 groups based on the use of conventional medication sites and acupoints for administering injectable medicines. RESULTS: In the T1 group, patients received injections at conventional medication sites between 2009 and 2010. In the T2 group, patients received injections at conventional medication sites combined with acupoint injection therapy I from 2011 to 2012. In the T3 group, injection at conventional medication sites plus acupoint injection II was applied between 2013 and 2014. Acupoint injection only was used in the T4 group from 2015 to 2016. Therapeutic effects were statistically compared among the different injection procedures. The overall Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and Fine Motor Function Measure (FMFM) scores were significantly improved after hospital discharge. The GMFM score was considerably higher in the T4 group than in the other groups (all P = 0.001 0.05). Meanwhile, the FMFM scores were significantly higher in the T2 and T4 groups than in the T1 and T3 groups (all P = 0.001 < 0.05). Site injection therapy can significantly improve gross and fine motor function in children with cerebral palsy. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to administer injectable medicines at acupoints instead of convention sites to enhance the therapeutic effect of treatment in patients with cerebral palsy.

关键词： Cerebral palsy Injections Acupuncture points Retrospective studies

Small extracellular vesicles secreted by induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction in mice with diabetes

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 609-617页

作者： hai-Li Lang Yan-Zhi Zhao Ren-Jie Xiao Jing sun Yong chen Guo-Wen Hu Guo-hai Xu Department of Anesthesiology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina The First Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University NanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)is a common surgical complication.Diabetes mellitus(DM)increases risk of developing POCD after surgery.DM patients with POCD seriously threaten the quality of patients’life,however,the intrinsic mechanism is unclear,and the effective treatment is deficiency.Previous studies have demonstrated neuronal loss and reduced neurogenesis in the hippocampus in mouse models of POCD.In this study,we constructed a mouse model of DM by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin,and then induced postoperative cognitive dysfunction by transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion.We found that mouse models of DM-POCD exhibited the most serious cognitive impairment,as well as the most hippocampal neural stem cells(H-NSCs)loss and neurogenesis decline.Subsequently,we hypothesized that small extracellular vesicles secreted by induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells(iMSC-sEVs)might promote neurogenesis and restore cognitive function in patients with DM-POCD.iMSC-sEVs were administered via the tail vein beginning on day 2 after surgery,and then once every 3 days for 1 month thereafter.Our results showed that iMSC-sEVs treatment significantly recovered compromised proliferation and neuronal-differentiation capacity in H-NSCs,and reversed cognitive impairment in mouse models of DM-POCD.Furthermore,miRNA sequencing and qPCR showed miR-21-5p and miR-486-5p were the highest expression in iMSC-sEVs.We found iMSC-sEVs mainly transferred miR-21-5p and miR-486-5p to promote H-NSCs proliferation and neurogenesis.As miR-21-5p was demonstrated to directly targete Epha4 and CDKN2C,while miR-486-5p can inhibit FoxO1 in NSCs.We then demonstrated iMSC-sEVs can transfer miR-21-5p and miR-486-5p to inhibit EphA4,CDKN2C,and FoxO1 expression in H-NSCs.Collectively,these results indicate significant H-NSC loss and neurogenesis reduction lead to DM-POCD,the application of iMSC-sEVs may represent a novel cell-free therapeutic tool for diabetic patients with postoperative cognitive dysfun

关键词： diabetes mellitus hippocampus induced pluripotent stem cell mesenchymal stem cell miRNA neural stem cell neurogenesis postoperative cognitive dysfunction signaling pathway small extracellular vesicle

Synthesis of 2-Deoxy-C-Glycosides via Iridium-Catalyzed sp^(2)and sp^(3)C-H Glycosylation with Unfunctionalized Glycals

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2022年第5期40卷 571-576页

作者： Wanjun Zhu Qikai sun hai Chang Hui-Xing Zhang Quanquan Wang Gong chen Gang He State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071 China

A new protocol for the synthesis of 2-deoxy-C-aryl-glycosides and 2-deoxy-C-alkyl-glycosides via iridium-catalyzed directed C—H glycosylation with glycals is reported.The method is amenable for both the C_(2)C—H glycosylation of indoles and the methyl C—H glycosylation of secondary methyl amines under the control of an N-linked benzoxazole directing group.The benzoxazole group can be cleanly removed by the treatment of KOH or LiAlH_(4).

关键词： 2-Deoxy-C-glycoside Iridium C-Hactivation Glycosylation Glycals

Boosting the water gas shift reaction on Pt/CeO_(2)-based nanocatalysts by compositional modification: Support doping versus bimetallic alloying

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 241-249页

作者： Kun Yuan Xiao-chen sun hai-Jing Yin Liang Zhou hai-Chao Liu Chun-Hua Yan Ya-Wen Zhang Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS) State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsPKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS) State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Stable and Unstable SpeciesCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The water gas shift reaction is of vital significance for the generation and transition of energy due to the application in hydrogen production and industries such as ammonia synthesis and fuel cells.The influence of support doping and bimetallic alloying on the catalytic performance of Pt/Ce O_(2)-based nanocatalysts in water gas shift reaction was reported in this work.Various lanthanide ions and 3d transition metals were respectively introduced into the Ce O_(2)support or Pt to form Pt/Ce O_(2):Ln(Ln=La,Nd,Gd,Tb,Yb)and Pt M/Ce O_(2)(M=Fe,Co,Ni)nanocatalysts.The sample of Pt/Ce O_(2):Tb showed the highest activity(TOF at 200℃=0.051 s^(-1))among the Pt/Ce O_(2):Ln and the undoped Pt/Ce O_(2)catalysts.Besides,the sample of Pt Fe/Ce O_(2)exhibited the highest activity(TOF at 200℃=0.12 s^(-1))among Pt M/Ce O_(2)catalysts.The results of the multiple characterizations indicated that the catalytic activity of Pt/Ce O_(2):Ln catalysts was closely correlated with the amount of oxygen vacancies in doped ceria support.However,the different activity of Pt M/Ce O_(2)bimetallic catalysts was owing to the various Pt oxidation states of the bimetals dispersed on ceria.The study of the reaction pathway indicated that both the samples of Pt/Ce O_(2)and Pt/Ce O_(2):Tb catalyzed the reaction through the formate pathway,and the enhanced activity of the latter derived from the increased concentration of oxygen vacancies along with promoted water dissociation.As for the sample of Pt Fe/Ce O_(2),its catalytic mechanism was the carboxyl route with a higher reaction rate due to the moderate valence of Pt along with improved CO activation.

关键词： Pt/CeO_(2)catalysts Water–gas shift reaction Support doping Bimetallic alloying