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Transarterial chemoembolization with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus S-1 for hepatocellular carcinoma

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第27期26卷 3975-3988页

作者： Jian-hai Guo Shao-xing Liu Song gao Fu-xin Kou xin Zhang Di wu Xiao-Ting Li Hui Chen Xiao-dong Wang Peng Liu Peng-Jun Zhang hai-Feng Xu Guang Cao Lin-Zhong Zhu Ren-Jie Yang Xu Zhu Department of Interventional Therapy Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Beijing)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing 100142China Department of Radiology Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Beijing)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing 100142China

BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(haiC)have shown promising local benefits for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).S-1,a composite preparation of a 5-fluorouracil prodrug,has proven to be a convenient oral chemotherapeutic agent with definite efficacy against advanced *** To evaluate the efficacy and safety of TACE followed by haiC with or without oral S-1 for treating advanced *** In this single-center,open-label,prospective,randomized controlled trial,117 participants with advanced HCC were randomized to receive TACE followed by oxaliplatin-based haiC either with(TACE/haiC+S-1,n=56)or without(TACE/haiC,n=61)oral S-1 between December 2013 and September *** participants were excluded from final analysis for withdrawing *** primary endpoint was progression-free survival(PFS)and secondary endpoints included overall survival(OS),objective response rate,disease control rate and *** In total,115 participants(100 males and 15 females;mean age,57.7 years±11.9)were *** median PFS and OS were 5.0 mo(0.4–58.6 mo)(95%confidence interval(CI):3.82 to 6.18)vs 4.4 mo(1.1–54.4 mo)(95%CI:2.54 to 6.26;P=0.585)and 8.4 mo(0.4–58.6 mo)(95%CI:6.88 to 9.92)vs 8.3 mo(1.4–54.4 m)(95%CI:5.71 to 10.96;P=0.985)in the TACE/haiC+S-1 and TACE/haiC groups,*** objective response rate and disease control rate were 30.9%vs 18.4%and 72.7%vs 56.7%in the TACE/haiC+S-1 and TACE/haiC groups,*** 3/4 adverse events had a similar frequency in both treatment *** No improvements in tumor response rates,PFS or OS were observed with the addition of S-1 to TACE/haiC in advanced *** treatment regimens had a similar safety profile.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Advanced Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy Transarterial chemoembolization Prognosis Efficacy

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Paired quasi-periodic pulsations of hard X-ray emission in a solar flare

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第5期66卷 195-206页

作者： hai-Sheng Zhao dong Li Shao-Lin Xiong Yan-Qiu Zhang Yang Su Wei Chen Yi Zhao Xiao-Bo Li Jia-Cong Liu Wen-Xi Peng Rui Qiao xin-Qiao Li Xiang-Yang Wen Li-Ming Song Shi-Jie Zheng xin-Ying Song Xiao-yun Zhao yue huang Shuang-Nan Zhang Shuo Xiao Ce Cai Zheng-Hua An Can Chen Gang Chen Wei Chen Yan-Qi Du Min gao Ke Gong dong-Ya Guo Zhi-Wei Guo Jian-Jian He Bin Li Chao Li Chao-Yang Li Gang Li Jian-Hui Li Lu Li Qing-xin Li Yan-Guo Li Jing liang Xiao-Hua liang Jin-yuan Liao Xiao-Jing Liu Ya-Qing Liu Qi Luo Xiang Ma Bin Meng Ge Ou dong-Li Shi Jing-Yan Shi Gong-xing Sun Xi-Lei Sun You-Li Tuo Chen-Wei Wang Hui Wang Jin Wang Jin-Zhou Wang Ping Wang Wen-Shuai Wang Hong wu Sheng-Lun Xie Yan-Bing Xu yu-Peng Xu Wang-Chen Xue Sheng Yang Min Yao Jian-Ying Ye Qi-Bin Yi Chao-yue Zhang Da-Li Zhang Fan Zhang Fei Zhang Hong-Mei Zhang Kai Zhang Peng Zhang Xiao-Lu Zhang Zhen Zhang Guo-Ying Zhao Shi-Yi Zhao Chao Zheng xing Zhou yue Zhu Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Physics and Space Science College China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637002China Key Laboratory of Stellar and Interstellar Physics and Department of Physics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China Institute of Astrophysics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China School of Physics Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China College of Physics and Engineering Qufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165China College of Physics Sciences&Technology Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China

We investigate high time resolution data obtained by the Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor(GECAM)during the flare event on 2022 April 21 at 01:52 *** subpeaks with durations of 4-6 s have been detected in the hard X-ray precursor phase,and the key feature is that they appear in pairs and seem like double-peak *** subpeaks are rarely observed in hard X-ray band and confirmed by the microwave obtained by Nobeyama Radio Polarimeters(NoRP)and Radio Solar Telescope Network(RSTN).While an exponential function can describe the continuum component of the time profile from the precursor to part of the impulsive *** periods of quasi-periodic pulsations(QPPs)are detected to be about 7.3 and 12.8 s for the precursor and impulsive phase,respectively,with at least 95%confidence *** paired QPPs are assumed to be double-peak QPPs and then the scenario of current loop coalescence model is found to be in good agreement with our *** precursor phase can be interpreted as the oscillating coalescence of two islands,while the impulsive phase can be interpreted as more islands to coalesce one by one to form larger islands.

关键词： solar flare QPPs loop coalescence circular-ribbon flare

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Development and calibration of the Moon-based EUV camera for Chang'e-3

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第12期14卷 1654-1663页

作者： Bo Chen Ke-Fei Song Zhao-Hui Li Qing-Wen wu Qi-liang Ni Xiao-dong Wang Jin-Jiang Xie Shi-Jie Liu Ling-Ping He Fei He Xiao-Guang Wang Bin Chen Hong-Ji Zhang Xiao-dong Wang hai-Feng Wang xin Zheng Shu-Lin E Yong-Cheng Wang Tao yu liang Sun Jin-Ling Wang Zhi Wang liang Yang Qing-Long Hu Ke Qiao Zhong-Su Wang Xian-Wei Yang hai-Ming Bao Wen-Guang Liu Zhe Li Ya Chen Yang gao Hui Sun Wen-Chang Chen Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The process of development and calibration for the first Moon-based ex- treme ultraviolet （EUV） camera to observe Earth＇s plasmasphere is introduced and the design, test and calibration results are presented. The EUV camera is composed of a multilayer film mirror, a thin film filter, a photon-counting imaging detector, a mech- anism that can adjust the direction in two dimensions, a protective cover, an electronic unit and a thermal control unit. The center wavelength of the EUV camera is 30.2 nm with a bandwidth of 4.6nm. The field of view is 14.7° with an angular resolution of 0.08°, and the sensitivity of the camera is 0.11 count s-1 Rayleigh-1. The geomet- ric calibration, the absolute photometric calibration and the relative photometric cal- ibration are carried out under different temperatures before launch to obtain a matrix that can correct geometric distortion and a matrix for relative photometric correction, which are used for in-orbit correction of the images to ensure their accuracy.

关键词： Chang'e-3 -- EUV camera: development: calibration -- Earth's plas-masphere -- lunar exploration

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Chinese Multidisciplinary Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hyperuricemia and Related Diseases

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第20期130卷 2473-2488页

作者： Zou, He-Jian wu, Hu-Sheng Zhou, Jing-Guo Zeng, Xue-Jun Dai, Lie wu, Hua-Xiang Zhu, Xiao-Xia Mei, Chang-Lin Hao, Chuan-Ming Chen, Nan Liu, Bi-Cheng Chen, Jiang-Hua Yang, Li Nie, Jing yu, Chen Peng, Ai yu, Sheng-Qiang Li, Lin Ge, Jun-Bo Huo, Yong Zhang, Shu-Yang Chen, yun-Dai dong, yu-Gang liang, Chun Dai, yu-Xiang gao, xin Li, Chang-Gui Zhao, Jia-Jun Chen, hai-Bing Cheng, Zhi-Feng Lin, Huan-dong Guan, Yang-Tai Wang, Kai Luo, Ben-Yan Dai, Ruo-lian Jiang, Quan Xue, Luan liang, Chao-Chao Chen, Ming Fan, Song Multidisciplinary Expert Task Force on Hyperuricemia and Related Diseases

INTRODUCTIONThe prevalence of hyperuricenlia （HUA） has increased in China in the recent years in relation to socioeconomic developments and changing lifestyles and diets, with a trend toward onset at younger age. HUA has become the second most common metabolic disease after diabetes mellitus. Like gout, HUA is also associated with the occurrence and progression of disorders of the urinary, endocrine, metabolic, cardio-cerebrovascular, and other systems.

关键词： Consensus Gout Hyperuricemia Recommendation Uric Acid

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Ultimate treatment for a patient with severe traumatic brain injury without intake for 192 hours after Wenchuan massive earthquake

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第1期122卷 113-116页

作者： GU Jian-wen ZHOU Hu-tian YANG Tao CHENG Jing-min QU Yan LI Cui-ying LI Qing-jie LU Ji-yun CHENG Shou-long LIU Jian-jun KUANG Yong-qin huang hai-dong YANG Li-bin HE Wei-qi ZHAO Kai SONG Li-xin ZHENG Xiao-dong LIU Shu-xin SUN Yan HE Hong-lian wu Jiang LIU Xu-sheng LU Min Department of Neurosurgery General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Chengdu Military Region Chengdu Sichuan 610083 China Department of Blood Transfusion Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Chengdu Military Region Chengdu Sichuan 610083 China Ministry of Health People's Liberation Army General Logistics Department Beijing 100842 China Department of Emergency 255 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Tangshan Hebei 063000 China

At 14：28 （2：28 pm） on May 12, 2008, a magnitude 8 earthquake, which was a rare event, occurred inSichuan Province of China and led to deaths of thousands of people. In the Longmen Mountain fault zone, which is located 40 miles from the earthquake center at Wenchuan, the Chinese military used a variety of treatment methods to rescue the injured and successfully treated a victim with severe traumatic brain injury （TBI） who survived without food or water intake for 192 hours. Two hundred and twenty-four hours after the earthquake, the patient underwent craniotomy and removal of an intracerebral hematoma. The injury to the patient was severe and the rescue time was the longest for this earthquake. Detailed information is provided in this report.

关键词： earthquake brain injury shock

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基于个体化机器学习的原发性免疫性血小板减少症危重出血预测模型:一项全国前瞻性队列研究

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科学通报:英文版 2023年第18期68卷 2106-2114,M0004页

作者： Zhuo-yu An Ye-Jun wu yu Hou Heng Mei Wei-Xia Nong Wen-Qian Li Hu Zhou Ru Feng Jian-Ping Shen Jun Peng hai Zhou Yi Liu Yong-Ping Song Lin-Hua Yang Mei-yun Fang Jian-Yong Li yun-Feng Cheng Peng Liu Ya-Jing Xu Zhao Wang Yi Luo Zhen Cai Hui Liu Jing-Wen Wang Juan Li Xi Zhang Zi-Min Sun Xiao-yu Zhu xin Wang Rong Fu liang huang Shao-yuan Wang Tong-Hua Yang Li-Ping Su liang-Ming Ma Xie-Qun Chen Dai-Hong Liu Hong-Xia Yao Jia Feng Hong-yu Zhang Ming Jiang Ze-Ping Zhou Wen-Sheng Wang Xu-liang Shen Yangjin Baima yue-Ying Li Qian-Fei Wang Qiu-Sha huang hai-Xia Fu Xiao-Lu Zhu yun He Qian Jiang Hao Jiang Jin Lu Xiang-yu Zhao Ying-Jun Chang Tao wu Yao-Zhu Pan Lin Qiu Da gao A-Rong Jin Wei Li Su-Jun gao Lei Zhang Ming Hou Xiao-Jun huang Xiao-Hui Zhang on behalf of the National Cooperative ITP Working Group Peking University People’s Hospital Peking University Institute of HematologyBeijing 100044China Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Peking UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Beijing 100044China National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease Beijing 100044China Department of Hematology Qilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250014China Institute of Hematology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Hematology First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineShihezi UniversityShihezi 832002China Department of Hematology Qinghai Provincial People’s HospitalXining 810007China Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityHenan Institute of HematologyZhengzhou 450008China Department of Hematology Beijing HospitalBeijing 100044China Department of Hematology Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou 310006China Department of Hematology Senior Department of Hematologythe Fifth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100044China Department of Hematology the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001China Department of Hematology Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian UniversityDalian 116001China Department of Hematology The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University(Jiangsu Province Hospital)Nanjing 210029China Department of Hematology Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Hematology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China Department of Hematology Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100044China Institute of Hematology the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Hematology Beijing Tongren HospitalBeijing 100005China Department of Hematology The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuang

原发性免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)中少见但至关重要的危重出血事件,给患者的预后、生活质量和治疗决策带来严重影响。尽管有一些研究探讨了ITP中与危重出血相关的风险因素,但目前尚缺乏大样本数据、大规模多中心研究结果以及针对ITP患者... 详细信息

原发性免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)中少见但至关重要的危重出血事件,给患者的预后、生活质量和治疗决策带来严重影响。尽管有一些研究探讨了ITP中与危重出血相关的风险因素,但目前尚缺乏大样本数据、大规模多中心研究结果以及针对ITP患者致命出血事件的预测模型。本研究首次采用国际血栓与止血学会新提出的ITP致命出血标准,利用大样本数据开发了首个基于机器学习的在线应用,用于预测ITP患者的致命出血.研究中,我们使用中国各地大型多中心数据进行开发,并对全国39家医疗中心进行为期一年的外部测试,得到了较好的训练、验证和测试数据集预测能力该基于新算法的便捷网络工具能够快速识别ITP患者的出血风险,辅助临床决策,有望未来降低不良事件的发生。

关键词： Critical bleeding Severe bleeding Immune thrombocytopenia Machine learning Prediction model

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Lung transplantation as therapeutic option in acute respiratory distress syndrome for coronavirus disease 2019-related pulmonary fibrosis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第12期133卷 1390-1396页

作者： Jing-yu Chen Kun Qiao Feng Liu Bo wu xin Xu Guo-Qing Jiao Rong-Guo Lu Hui-xing Li Jin Zhao Jian huang Yi Yang Xiao-Jie Lu Jia-Shu Li Shu-yun Jiang Da-Peng Wang Chun-Xiao Hu Gui-Long Wang dong-Xiao huang Guo-Hui Jiao dong Wei Shu-gao Ye Jian-An huang Li Zhou Xiao-Qin Zhang Jian-xing He wuxi Lung Transplant Center Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu 214023China Department of Thoracic Surgery Shenzhen Third People’s HospitalShenzhenGuangdong 518100China Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology State Key Laboratory and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510120China Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu 214023China Department of Critical Care Medicine Zhongda HospitalSchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210009China wuxi Fifth Hospital WuxiJiangsu 214000China Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang CityLianyungangJiangsu 222061China Department of Critical Care Medicine Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu 214023China Department of Anesthesiology Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu 214023China Department of Respiratory Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215006China

Background:Critical patients with the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),even those whose nucleic acid test results had turned negative and those receiving maximal medical support,have been noted to progress to irreversible fatal respiratory *** transplantation(LT)as the sole therapy for end-stage pulmonary fibrosis related to acute respiratory distress syndrome has been considered as the ultimate rescue therapy for these ***:From February 10 to March 10,2020,three male patients were urgently assessed and listed for *** conducting a full ethical review and after obtaining assent from the family of the patients,we performed three LT procedures for COVID-19 patients with illness durations of more than one month and extremely high sequential organ failure assessment ***:Two of the three recipients survived post-LT and started participating in a rehabilitation *** of the LT team collaboration and perioperative logistics were summarized and continually *** pathological results of the explanted lungs were concordant with the critical clinical manifestation,and provided insight towards better understanding of the *** health affair systems,virology detection tools,and modern communication technology all play key roles towards the survival of the patients and their ***:LT can be performed in end-stage patients with respiratory failure due to COVID-19-related pulmonary *** confirmed positive-turned-negative virology status without organ dysfunction that could contraindicate LT,LT provided the final option for these patients to avoid certain death,with proper protection of transplant surgeons and medical *** ensuring instant seamless care for both patients and medical teams,the goal of reducing the mortality rate and salvaging the lives of patients with COVID-19 can be attained.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 Lung transplantation Acute respiratory distress syndrome Pulmonary fibrosis Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score

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Translational Regulation of Plant Response to High Temperature by a Dual-Function tRNAHls Guanylyltransferase in Rice

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Molecular Plant 2019年第8期12卷 1123-1142页

作者： Ke Chen Tao Guo xin-Min Li Yi-Min Zhang Yi-Bing Yang Wang-Wei Ye Nai-Qian dong Chuan-Lin Shi Yi Kan You-huang Xiang hai Zhang Ya-Chao Li Ji-Ping gao Xuehui huang Qiang Zhao Bin Han Jun-Xiang Shan Hong-Xuan Lin National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & DevelopmentShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & EcologyShanghai Institute for Biological SciencesChinese Academic of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China National Center for Gene Research CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200233China College of Life and Environmental Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

As sessile organisms,plants have evolved numerous strategies to acclimate to changes in environmental ***,the molecular basis of this acclimation remains largely *** this study we identified a tRNAHis guanylyltransferase,AET1,which contributes to the modification of pre-tRNAH,s and is required for normal growth under high-temperature conditions in ***,AET1 possibly interacts with both RACK1A and elF3h in the endoplasmic ***,AET1 can directly bind to OsARF mRNAs including the uORFs of OsARF19 and OsARF23,indicating that AET1 is associated with translation ***,polysome profiling assays suggest that the translational status remains unaffected in the aet1 mutant,but that the translational efficiency of OsARF19 and OsARF23 is reduced;moreover,OsARF23 protein levels are obviously decreased in the aet1 mutant under high temperature,implying that AET1 regulates auxin signaling in response to high *** provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms whereby AET1 regulates the environmental temperature response in rice by playing a dual role in tRNA modification and translational control.

关键词： rice translation regulation tRNA modification auxin signaling environmental temperature

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Lifetime measurements in 138Nd

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第10期32卷 72-78页

作者： Jian Zhong Xiao-Guang wu Shi-Peng Hu Ying-Jun Ma yun Zheng Cong-Bo Li Guang-Sheng Li Bao-Ji Zhu Tian-Xiao Li Yan-Jun Jin Yan-Xiang gao Qi-Wen Fan Ke-Yan Ma dong Yang Hui-Bin Sun hai-Ge Zhao Lin Gan Qi Luo Zheng-xin wu College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China College of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 621010China

Lifetimes of the 2_(1)^(+),4_(1)^(+),7_(2)^(-),10_(2)^(+),12_(2)^(+),and 14_(1)^(+) states in 138 Nd populated via the 123 Sb(19 F,4n)138 Nd fusion–evaporation reaction were measured with the recoil distance Doppler shift technique in combination with the differential decay curve *** B(E2;2_(1)^(+)→0_(1)^(+))value fit well with the systematic trend in the Nd isotope chain and Grodzins rule,which proved that 138Nd is a transitional nucleus.

关键词： Lifetime measurement Recoil distance Doppler shift technique Differential decay curve method

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Proton accumulation accelerated by heavy chemical nitrogen fertilization and its long-term impact on acidifying rate in a typical arable soil in the huang-Huai-hai Plain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第1期14卷 148-157页

作者： huang P ing ZHANG Jia-bao xin Xiu-li ZHU An-ning ZHANG Cong-zhi MA dong-hao ZHU Qiang-gen YANG Shan wu Sheng-jun Fengqiu Agro-Ecological Experimental Station State Key Laboratory of Soil Sustainable AgricultureInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Jiangxi Environmental Engineering Vocational College

Cropland productivity has been significantly impacted by soil acidification resulted from nitrogen （N） fertilization, especially as a result of excess ammoniacal N input. With decades＇ intensive agricultural cultivation and heavy chemical N input in the huang-Huai-hai Plain, the impact extent of induced proton input on soil pH in the long term was not yet clear. In this study, acidification rates of different soil layers in the soil profile （0-120 cm） were calculated by pH buffer capacity （pHBC） and net input of protons due to chemical N incorporation. Topsoil （0-20 cm） pH changes of a long-term fertilization field （from 1989） were determined to validate the predicted values. The results showed that the acid and alkali buffer capacities varied significantly in the soil profile, averaged 692 and 39.8 mmolc kg-1 pH-1, respectively. A significant （P〈0.05） correlation was found between pHRC and the content of calcium carbonate. Based on the commonly used application rate of urea （500 kg N ha-1 yr-1）, the induced proton input in this region was predicted to be 16.1 kmol ha-1 yr-1, and nitrification and plant uptake of nitrate were the most important mechanisms for proton producing and consuming, respectively. The acidification rate of topsoil （0-20 cm） was estimated to be 0.01 unit pH yr-1 at the assumed N fertilization level. From 1989 to 2009, topsoil pH （0-20 cm） of the long-term fertilization field decreased from 8.65 to 8.50 for the PK （phosphorus, 150 kg P205 ha-1 yr-1; potassium, 300 kg K20 ha-1 yr-1; without N fertilization）, and 8.30 for NPK （nitrogen, 300 kg N ha-1 yr-1; phosphorus, 150 kg P2Os ha-1 yr-1; potassium, 300 kg K20 ha -1 yr-1）, respectively. Therefore, the apparent soil acidification rate induced by N fertilization equaled to 0.01 unit pH yr-1, which can be a reference to the estimated result, considering the effect of atmospheric N deposition, crop biomass, field management and plant uptake of other nutrients and cations. As protons could be consum

关键词： nitrogen(N) fertilizer p H buffer capacity(p HBC) soil acidification nitrification huang-Huai-hai Plain

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