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Development and validation of a nomogram prediction model for overall survival in patients with rectal cancer

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第2期17卷 93-104页

作者： Ling Liang Xiao-Sheng Li Ze-Jun Huang Zu-hai Hu Qian-Jie Xu Yu-Liang Yuan Wei zhang hai-Ke Lei Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Chongqing Cancer Multiomics Big Data Application Engineering Research Center Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Department of Health Statistics School of Public HealthChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

BACKGROUND Rectal cancer is prevalent and associated with substantial morbidity and *** To develop a nomogram prediction model for overall survival(OS)in patients with rectal cancer by leveraging a comprehensive analysis of demographic,clinicopathological,haematological,and follow-up data to identify independent prognostic *** We conducted a prospective cohort study in China involving rectal cancer patients and applied Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to assess the significance of various variables as independent prognostic factors for *** identified factors were integrated into a nomogram model,which was evaluated for predictive accuracy via the C-index,area under the curve(AUC),calibration curve,and decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed independent predictors of OS,including the Karnofsky performance status,age,sex,TNM stage,chemotherapy,surgery,targeted therapy,β2-microglobulin,lactate dehydrogenase,and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte *** nomogram demonstrated a C-index of 0.80 for the training and validation cohorts,with AUC values indicating high predictive accuracy for 1-year,3-year,and 5-year *** calibration curves confirmed the model's excellent agreement with the observed survival rates,and DCA revealed the superior clinical utility of the nomogram over the TNM staging *** In this study,a novel prognostic model that accurately predicts the OS of rectal cancer patients was *** model exhibited excellent discriminatory and calibration capabilities,thus offering a reliable tool for health care professionals to estimate patient survival.

关键词： Rectal cancer Overall survival Nomogram Prognosis

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Encapsulating lipase on the surface of magnetic ZIF-8 nanosphers with mesoporous SiO2 nano-membrane for enhancing catalytic performance

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 279-283页

作者： guang-Xu Duan Queting Chen Rui-Rui Shao Hui-Huang Sun Tong Yuan Dong-Hao zhang College of Pharmaceutical Science Hebei University Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province College of Pharmaceutical ScienceHebei University Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University

The preparation of immobilized enzyme with excellent performance is one of the difficulties that restrict the application of enzyme catalysis technology. Here, Candida rugosa lipase（CRL） was firstly adsorbed on the surface of magnetic zeolitic imidazolate framework-8（ZIF-8） nanospheres, which was further encapsulated with a mesoporous SiO2nano-membrane formed by tetraethyl orthosilicate（TEOS） polycondensation. Consequently, lipase could be firmly immobilized on carrier surface by physical binding rather than chemical binding, which did not damage the active conformation of enzyme. There were mesopores on the silica nano-membrane, which could improve the accessibility of enzyme and its apparent catalytic activity. Moreover, silica membrane encapsulation could also improve the stability of enzyme, suggesting an effective enzyme immobilization strategy. It showed that TEOS amount and the encapsulation time had significant effects on the thickness of silica membrane and the enzyme activity. The analysis in enzyme activity and protein secondary structure showed that lipase encapsulated in silica membrane retained the active conformation to the greatest extent. Compared with the adsorbed lipase, the encapsulated lipase increased its thermostability by 3 times and resistance to chemical denaturants by 7 times. The relative enzyme activity remained around 80% after 8 repetitions, while the adsorbed lipase only remained at7.3%.

关键词： Encapsulation Enzyme immobilization Lipase activity Mesoporous silica membrane ZIF-8

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Some fundamental issues in buoyancy-driven flows with implications for geophysical and astrophysical systems

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2025年第1期41卷 1-21页

作者： Ke-Qing Xia Kai Leong Chong guang-Yu Ding Lu zhang Center for Complex Flows and Soft Matter Research Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and MechanicsSchool of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China

Buoyancy-driven flows are prevalent in a wide range of geophysical and astrophysical systems. In this review, we focus on threepivotal effects that significantly influence the dynamics and transport properties of buoyancy-driven flows and may have impli-cations for natural systems. These effects pertain to the role of boundary conditions, the impact of rotation, and the effect offinite size. Boundary conditions represent how the fluid flow interacts with different kinds of surfaces. Rotation, as the Earth’srotation in geophysical systems or the whirling of astrophysical systems, introduces Coriolis and centrifugal forces, leading tothe profound vortical structure and distinct transport property. Finite size, representing geometrical constraints, influences thebehavior of buoyancy-driven flows across varying geometrical settings. This review aims to provide a holistic understanding ofthe intricate interplay of these factors, offering insights into the complex natural phenomena from the perspectives of the threeeffects.

关键词： Buoyancy-driven flows Geophysical turbulence Rayleigh-B´enard convection

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Antimicrobial resistance crisis:could artificial intelligence be the solution?

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Military Medical Research 2025年第1期12卷 72-95页

作者： guang-Yu Liu Dan Yu Mei-Mei Fan Xu zhang Ze-Yu Jin Christoph Tang Xiao-Fen Liu Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityKey Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang ProvinceKey Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation of HangzhouHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China National Key Discipline of Pediatrics Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children Ministry of Education Laboratory of DermatologyBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijing 100045China Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Sir William Dunn School of Pathology University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK Institute of Antibiotics Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of AntibioticsNational Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaNational Clinical Research Centre for Aging and MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health threat,and the World Health Organization(WHO)has announced a priority list of the most threatening pathogens against which novel antibiotics need to be *** discovery and introduction of novel antibiotics are time-consuming and *** to WHO’s report of antibacterial agents in clinical development,only 18 novel antibiotics have been approved since ***,novel antibiotics are critically *** intelligence(AI)has been rapidly applied to drug development since its recent technical breakthrough and has dramatically improved the efficiency of the discovery of novel ***,we first summarized recently marketed novel antibiotics,and antibiotic candidates in clinical *** addition,we systematically reviewed the involvement of AI in antibacterial drug development and utilization,including small molecules,antimicrobial peptides,phage therapy,essential oils,as well as resistance mechanism prediction,and antibiotic stewardship.

关键词： Antibiotic Artificial intelligence(AI) Clinical development Machine learning(ML) Antimicrobial peptide Phage therapy Antibiotic stewardship

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Integrating well logs, 3D seismic, and earthquake data for comprehensive prediction of 3D in-situ stress orientations: A case study from the Weiyuan area in the Sichuan Basin, China

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Petroleum Science 2025年第1期22卷 210-221页

作者： Huan Cao Yang Zhao hai-Chao Chen Le-Le zhang Cheng-Gang Xian Ji-Dong Yang Lu Liu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering and Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Department of Geophysics China University of Petroleum (East China) Aramco Beijing Research Center Aramco Asia

Determining the orientation of in-situ stresses is crucial for various geoscience and engineering applications. Conventional methods for estimating these stress orientations often depend on focal mechanism solutions(FMSs) derived from earthquake data and formation micro-imager(FMI) data from well ***, these techniques can be costly, depth-inaccurate, and may lack spatial coverage. To address this issue, we introduce the use of three-dimensional(3D) seismic data(active sources) as a lateral constraint to approximate the 3D stress orientation field. Recognizing that both stress and fracture patterns are closely related to seismic velocity anisotropy, we derive the orientation of azimuthal anisotropy from multi-azimuth 3D seismic data to compensate for the lack of spatial stress orientation information. We apply our proposed workflow to a case study in the Weiyuan area of the Sichuan Basin, China, a region targeted for shale gas production. By integrating diverse datasets, including 3D seismic, earthquakes, and well logs, we develop a comprehensive 3D model of in-situ stress(orientations and magnitudes). Our results demonstrate that the estimated anisotropy orientations from 3D seismic data are consistent with the direction of maximum horizontal principal stress(SHmax) obtained from FMIs. We analyzed 12earthquakes(magnitude > 3) recorded between 2016 and 2020 for their FMSs and compressional axis(Paxis) orientations. The derived SHmax direction from our 3D stress model is 110°ES(East-South), which shows excellent agreement with the FMSs(within 3.96°). This close alignment validates the reliability and precision of our integrated method for predicting 3D SHmax orientations.

关键词： In-situ stress orientation SHmax Azimuthal velocity anisotropy Focal source mechanism Formation micro-imager

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Last digit tendency: Lucky numbers and psychological rounding in mobile transactions

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 370-378页

作者： Wang, hai Lu, Tian zhang, Yingjie Wu, Yue Sun, Yiheng Dong, Jingran Huang, Wen School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University 178902 Singapore W. P. Carey School of Business Arizona State University Tempe 85287 AZ United States guanghua School of Management Peking University Beijing 100871 China Tencent Weixin Group Shenzhen 518054 China

The distribution of digits in numbers obtained from different sources reveals interesting patterns. The well-known Benford's law states that the first digits in many real-life numerical data sets have an asymmetric, logarithmic distribution in which small digits are more common;this asymmetry diminishes for subsequent digits, and the last digit tends to be uniformly distributed. In this paper, we investigate the digit distribution of numbers in a large mobile transaction data set with 835 million mobile transactions and payments made by approximately 460,000 users in more than 300 cities. Although the first digits of the numbers in these mobile transactions follow Benford's law, the last digit has a strong tendency to be a lucky number or be influenced by psychological rounding. This lucky number tendency is more significant in transactions that are more strongly connected to social interactions, such as money sent as gifts or as “red envelopes” (a traditional method of gift-giving during Chinese holidays), and in transactions by individuals with potentially greater emotional needs, such as during COVID-19 outbreaks and natural disasters. This psychological rounding tendency is more common in online e-commerce payments, in-store purchases, and money transfers between individuals. These findings are key for understanding the last digit tendency and its psychological and emotional mechanisms, which could be used as an indicator of public sentiment or in methods of detecting fraudulent business activity. © 2023

关键词： Difference-in-differences Last digit Lucky number Mobile transaction Psychological rounding

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Network pharmacology and in vivo study:Unraveling the therapeutic mechanisms of Panax ginseng in potentially treating ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第9期31卷 83-99页

作者： Yan Qin Rui-Ya zhang Yu zhang Yi-Qing Zhao hai-Feng Hao Jun-Ping Wang Department of Gastroenterology Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030012Shanxi ProvinceChina Department of Urology The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030012Shanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC),a chronic and challenging condition,necessitates the development of more effective treatments owing to the unsatisfactory efficacy and side effects associated with current *** Chinese medicine(TCM),known for its multi-stage and multi-targeted approach,has a long history in treating gastrointestinal diseases and offering a promising alternative UC *** ginseng(***),a commonly used remedy for UC in TCM,exemplifies this potential,although the specific components and mechanisms through which its therapeutic effects are exerted remain to be fully elucidated,highlighting the need for further research to unlock its full potential as a treatment *** To investigate the key constituents and biological pathways through which *** exerts therapeutic effects on *** Network pharmacology investigated the UC-alleviating mechanism of ***,including“active ingredient-target-disease”network analysis,and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment ***(PD;active ingredient of ***)was tested in a mouse model of 3%dextran sulfate sodium-induced UC,with assessments of body weight,Disease Activity Index scores,and colon *** and intestinal barrier integrity were analyzed via hematoxylin-eosin and Alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff staining,immunohistochemistry,real time-quantitative PCR,and western *** By integrating and analyzing the targets of *** and UC,15 critical hub genes were *** Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed the mechanisms involved to be linked to MAPK and PI3K-Akt *** the 10 main active ingredients identified as potentially effective,PD was most abundant and was validated in vivo to mitigate weight loss,reduce Disease Activity Index scores,and prevent colon *** also reduced inflammation and suppressed expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and me

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Panax ginseng Network pharmacology Panaxadiol MAPK NF-κB AMPK NRF2

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Accelerating homogenization kinetics and enhancing hot-workability of as-cast nickel-based superalloy via prior hot-deformation

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 215-226页

作者： Jia-jun Chen Yang Zhou Hao-ran Han Xian-guang zhang Goro Miyamoto Ping-mei Tang Dong-ping Xiao Jian-hui Fu Peng Shi Yi-wu Pei Jian zhang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Chengdu Advanced Metal Materials Industrial Technology Institute Co. Ltd.Chengdu 610300SichuanChina Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Aoba-KuJapan

Enhancing homogenization efficiency and hot-workability is the key issue for wrought superalloys in the industry.A novel approach for simultaneous accelerating the homogenization kinetics and improving hot-workability via a simple way of prior hot-deformation was proposed,which was not widely accepted for wrought *** homogenization efficiency is increased by 40%-70%via performing 10%-20%prior *** theoretical and experimental analyses revealed that the increment in homogenization efficiency is mainly attributed to the decrease in interdendritic-segregation spacing,and thus the necessary diffusion distance,rather than that of *** addition,dynamic and static recrystallizations occurred during the prior hot-deformation and diffusion-annealing processes,and the grains were significantly refined even after the ***,the size of the precipitates was refined as *** enhanced the hot-workability of the homogenized ingot for the subsequent cogging process.

关键词： Nickel-based superalloy Homogenization kinetics Prior hot-deformation Grain size Hot workability

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Transcription coactivator YAP1 promotes CCND1/CDK6 expression, stimulating cell proliferation in cloned cattle placentas

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Zoological Research 2025年第01期 122-138页

作者： Shan-Shan Wu Xiao-Yu Zhao Lei Yang Chao hai Di Wu Xue-Fei Liu Li-Shuang Song Chun-Ling Bai guang-Hua Su guang-Peng Li State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL) Inner Mongolia University College of Life Sciences Inner Mongolia University

Somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT) has been successfully employed across various mammalian species,yet cloned animals consistently exhibit low pregnancy rates, primarily due to placental abnormalities such as hyperplasia and hypertrophy. This study investigated the involvement of the Hippo signaling pathway in aberrant placentaldevelopmentinSCNT-inducedbovine pregnancies. SCNT-derived cattle exhibited placental hypertrophy, including enlarged abdominal circumference and altered placental cotyledon morphology. RNA sequencing analysis indicated significant dysregulation of Hippo signaling pathway genes in SCNT placentas. Coexpression of YAP1 and CCND1 was observed in cloned blastocysts, placental tissues, and bovine placental mesenchymal stem cells(bPMSCs). Manipulation of YAP1expression demonstrated the capacity to regulate bPMSC proliferation. Experimental assays confirmed the direct binding of YAP1 to CCND1, which subsequently promoted CCND1 expression in bPMSCs. Furthermore, inhibition of CDK6, a downstream target of CCND1, attenuated SCNT bPMSC proliferation. This study identified YAP1 as a key regulatory component within the Hippo signaling pathway that drives placental hyperplasia in cloned cattle through up-regulation of CCND1-CDK6 expression, facilitating cell cycle progression. These findings offer potential avenues for enhancing cloning efficiency, with implications for evolutionary biology and the conservation of valuable germplasm resources.

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Prompt fission neutron uranium logging(Ⅱ):dead-time effect of the neutron time spectrum

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第2期36卷 82-94页

作者： Yan zhang Chi Liu Shi-Liang Liu Hao-Ran zhang hai-Tao Wang Jin-Hui Qu Wen-Xing Hu Ren-Bo Wang Bin Tang National Key Laboratory of Uranium Resources Exploration-Mining and Nuclear Remote Sensing East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China Fundamental Science on Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology Laboratory East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

The acquisition of neutron time spectrum data plays a pivotal role in the precise quantification of uranium via prompt fission neutron uranium logging(PFNUL).However,the impact of the detector dead-time effect remains paramount in the accurate acquisition of the neutron time ***,it is imperative for neutron logging instruments to establish a dead-time correction method that is not only uncomplicated but also practical and caters to various logging *** study has formulated an innovative equation for determining dead time and introduced a dead-time correction method for the neutron time spectrum,called the“dual flux method.”Using this approach,a logging instrument captures two neutron time spectra under disparate neutron *** carefully selecting specific“windows”on the neutron time spectrum,the dead time can be accurately *** substantiate its efficacy and discern the influencing factors,experiments were conducted utilizing a deuterium-tritium(D-T)neutron source,a Helium-3(3He)detector,and polyethylene shielding to collate and analyze the neutron time spectrum under varying neutron fluxes(at high voltages).The findings underscore that the“height”and“spacing”of the two windows are the most pivotal influencing ***,the“height”(fd)should surpass 2,and the“spacing”twd should exceed 200μ*** dead time of the 3 He detector determined in the experiment was 7.35μ*** the dead-time correction,the deviation of the decay coefficients from the theoretical values for the neutron time spectrum under varying neutron fluxes decreased from 12.4%to within 5%.Similarly,for the PFNUL instrument,the deviation in the decay coefficients decreased from 22.94 to 0.49%after correcting for the dead-time *** results demonstrate the exceptional efficacy of the proposed method in ensuring precise uranium *** dual flux method was experimentally validated as a universal approach applicable to pulsed neutron logging instrumen

关键词： PFNUL Neutron time spectrum Dead time Pulsed source Correction method

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