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Energy Optimised Security against Wormhole Attack in IoT-Based Wireless Sensor Networks

Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第8期68卷 1967-1981页

作者： hafsa shahid Humaira Ashraf hafsa Javed Mamoona Humayun Nz Jhanjhi Mohammed A.AlZain Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering International Islamic University IslamabadIslamabadPakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information ScienceJouf UniversityAl-JoufSaudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Engineering(SCE) Taylor’s UniversitySelangorMalaysia Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

An IoT-based wireless sensor network(WSN)comprises many small sensors to collect the data and share it with the central *** sensors are battery-driven and resource-restrained devices that consume most of the energy in sensing or collecting the data and transmitting *** data sharing,security is an important concern in such networks as they are prone to many threats,of which the deadliest is the wormhole *** attacks are launched without acquiring the vital information of the network and they highly compromise the communication,security,and performance of the *** the IoT-based network environment,its mitigation becomes more challenging because of the low resource availability in the sensing *** have performed an extensive literature study of the existing techniques against the wormhole attack and categorised them according to their *** analysis of literature has motivated our *** this paper,we developed the ESWI technique for detecting the wormhole attack while improving the performance and *** algorithm has been designed to be simple and less complicated to avoid the overheads and the drainage of energy in its *** simulation results of our technique show competitive results for the detection rate and packet delivery *** also gives an increased throughput,a decreased end-to-end delay,and a much-reduced consumption of energy.

关键词： IoT Internet of Things energy wormhole WSN wireless sensor networks

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Decoding molecular mechanisms:brain aging and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2279-2299页

作者： Mahnoor Hayat Rafay Ali Syed Hammad Qaiser Mohammad Uzair Khalid Al-Regaiey Roaa Khallaf Lubna Abdullah Mohammed Albassam Imdad Kaleem Xueyi Wang Ran Wang Mehwish SBhatti shahid Bashir Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences(ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Basic&Applied SciencesInternational Islamic University Islamabad(IIUI)IslamabadPakistan Department of Bioengineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Mental Health Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Biosciences Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South(COMSATS University)IslamabadPakistan Department of Psychiatry The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Neuroscience Center King Fahad Specialist Hospital DammamDammamSaudi Arabia

The complex morphological,anatomical,physiological,and chemical mechanisms within the aging brain have been the hot topic of research for *** aging process alters the brain structure that affects functions and cognitions,but the worsening of such processes contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's *** these observable,mild morphological shifts,significant functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity critically influence the aging *** these changes is important for maintaining cognitive health,especially given the increasing prevalence of age-related conditions that affect *** review aims to explore the age-induced changes in brain plasticity and molecular processes,differentiating normal aging from the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease,thereby providing insights into predicting the risk of dementia,particularly Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain aging cognitive health dementia molecular mechanisms neuronal activity neuroplasticity neurotransmission

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Detection of Toxic Content on Social Networking Platforms Using Fine Tuned ULMFiT Model

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 15-30页

作者： hafsa Naveed Abid Sohail Jasni Mohamad Zain Noman Saleem Rao Faizan Ali shahid Anwar Department of Software Engineering Faculty of ScienceUniversity of LahorePakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusPakistan Institute for Big Data Analyics and Artifcial Intelligence(IBDAAI) Kompleks Al-KhawarizmiUniversii Tekoogi MARA40450Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia TechnoGenics SMC PVT LTD LahorePakistan Department of Computer and Infomation Science Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Ser IskandarTronohPerakMalaysia Depatment of Information Engineering Technology National Skils University IslamabadSector H-8/1Faiz AhmedFaiz RoadIslamabadPakistan

Question and answer websites such as Quora,Stack Overflow,Yahoo Answers and Answer Bag are used by *** users post questions on these websites to get the answers from domain specific *** websites are multilingual meaning they are available in many different *** problem for these types of websites is to handle meaningless and irrelevant *** this paper we have worked on the Quora insincere questions(questions which are based on false assumptions or questions which are trying to make a statement rather than seeking for helpful answers)dataset in order to identify user insincere questions,so that Quora can eliminate those questions from their platform and ultimately improve the communication among users over the ***,a research was carried out with recurrent neural network and pretrained glove word embeddings,that achieved the F1 score of *** proposed study has used a pre-trained ULMFiT *** model has outperformed the previous model with an F1 score of 0.91,which is much higher than the previous studies.

关键词： Machine learning text mining quora mining artificial intelligence natural language processing

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Biosynthesis of Flower-Shaped CuO Nanostructures and Their Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第2期12卷 224-234页

作者： hafsa Siddiqui MSQureshi Fozia Zia Haque Department of Physics Sha-Shib College of Science and ManagementBhopal 462030India Optical Nanomaterial Lab Department of PhysicsMaulana Azad National Institute of TechnologyBhopal 462003India

Copper oxide nanoflowers(CuO-NFs)have been synthesized through a novel green route using Tulsi leaves-extracted eugenol(4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol)as reducing *** results reveal the growth of crystalline singlephase CuO-NFs with monoclinic *** prepared CuO-NFs can effectively degrade methylene blue with 90%*** also show strong barrier against ***(27±2 mm)at the concentration of 100μg mL−1,while at the concentration of 25μg mL−1 weak barrier has been found against all examined bacterial *** results provide important evidence that CuO-NFs have sustainable performance in methylene blue degradation as well as bacterial organisms.

关键词： Copper oxide O.Sanctum Eugenol Biosynthesis Photocatalysis Antibacterial

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Spectrum of venous thromboembolism in adult patients with ulcerative colitis in Pakistan:A single center retrospective study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第6期13卷 9-13页

作者： Masood Muhammad Karim hafsa Shaikh Faisal Wasim Ismail Department of Medicine The Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of General Surgery The Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan

BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at a 2-8-fold higher risk of deve-loping venous thromboembolism(VTE)as compared to the general *** the exact pathogenesis is unclear,the literature suggests that increased risk of thromboembolic events in such patients occurs as a result of increased coagulation factors,inflammatory cytokines,and reduction in anticoagulants leading to a prothrombotic *** To assess the prevalence,risk factors,management,and outcome of ulcerative colitis(UC)patients who develop *** This was a retrospective chart review done in The Gastroenterology Department of The Aga Khan University *** was collected from medical records for all patients admitted with a diagnosis of UC from January 2012 to December *** Seventy-four patients fulfilled the inclusion *** mean±SD of age at presentation of all UC patients was 45 years±10 years whereas for those who developed VTE,it was 47.6 years±14.7 *** and diabetes were the most common co-morbid seen among UC patients with a frequency of 17(22.9%)and 12(16.2%),respectively.A total of 5(6.7%)patients developed *** venous thrombosis was the most common thromboembolic phenomenon seen in 3(60%)*** the patients with UC and concomitant VTE were discharged home(5;100%).CONCLUSION The prevalence of VTE with UC in Pakistani patients corresponds with the international ***,multi-centric studies are required to further explore these results.

关键词： Deep venous thrombosis Inflammatory bowel disease Low-middle-income country Anticoagulation Protein C deficiency

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Lithium-Doped CuO Nanosheets:Structural Transformation,Optical,and Electrical Characteristics with Enhanced Photocatalytic and Solar Cell Performance

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2021年第4期4卷 646-657页

作者： hafsa Siddiqui Mohammad Shums Qureshi Fozia Z.Haque Optical Nanomaterial Lab Department of PhysicsMaulana Azad National Institute of TechnologyBhopal 462003India Department of Physics Sha-Shib College of Science and ManagementBhopal 462036India

Energy and environmental stuff are two of the main worries for humanity,and nanoscience plays a key role in providing the *** nanoresearch activities have attracted lot of attention in the current ***,designing the material with enhanced optoelectronic properties remains the foremost *** the present work,the Li doped CuO nanosheets are synthesized by the chemical route and examined in photovoltaics and environmental remediation *** crystallographic and optical study reveals that crystallite size and bandgap decrease with an increase in lithium-doping concentration up to 5 mole%and beyond that a reverse trend is ***,impedance study has shown the significant contribution of lithium-ions to the total capacitance and ***,the photoactivity of Cu_(1-x)Li_(x)O nanosheets(optimum concentration of Cu_(1-x)Li_(x)O NSs(x=0.05))is projected to the degradation of methylene blue(MB)and used to fabricate bulk heterojunction solar cell together with P3HT and PCBM blend,*** ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3 HT:PC_(70)BM:Cu_(1-x)Li_(x)O(x=0.05)/Li F/Al solar cell realized higher power-conversion efficiencyη~3.91 than their corresponding pristine deviceη~2.98 with enhanced photocurrent density from 9.026 to 11.56 m A cm^(-2).The proliferation in photocatalysts and solar cells efficiency of Cu_(1-x)Li_(x)O(x=0.05)is mainly attributed to the higher light absorption and lesser electron-hole *** approach for the synthesis of Cu_(1-x)Li_(x)O NSs as potential donor material and device prototypes fabricated is completely safe and cost-effective.

关键词： current density efficiency nanostructures photocatalysts solar cells

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Kinetic Instability of Anisotropic Drift Wave Accompanied by Field Aligned Currents in Solar Coronal Loop

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第10期70卷 470-476页

作者： hafsa Naim Ch.Uzma G.Murtaza Salam Chair Department of Physics GC University

Solar coronal loops are frequently accompanied by the field-aligned currents, which drive instabilities if the drift velocity u0 > v A the Alfv′en velocity. For our choice of parameters, the critical threshold value of u0/v A is ～ 3.0 for growth and the corresponding current filling factor ～ 10-3-10-4. Below this value we are no longer in the kinetic *** coronal loops also have short-scale density gradients within each loop. The electron resonance in the presence of density gradient causes the drift mode to grow. We study the effect of these two free energy sources, the electron drift and the density gradient, in the presence of temperature anisotropy T⊥_α > T∥_α. These effects simultaneously exist in the coronae. Using gyrokinetic theory, we investigate the influence of these effects, examine how they interplay with each other and study the consequent growth of the magnetosonic wave. We observe that kinetic instability driven by density gradient can be suppressed by field-aligned currents. The temperature anisotropy with chosen signatures causes further stabilizing effect. The results may prove useful to study the heating mechanism of solar coronal loops, acceleration of particles and confinement of particles in the thermonuclear reactors.

关键词： solar corona coronal loops temperature anisotropy density inhomogeneity field-aligned currents gyrokinetic

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Incense smoke(IS)inhalation exposure system:Physicochemical characterization,IS particle deposition and clearance in human airway using MPPD model

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 271-285页

作者： Vyas Kumar hafsa Hashmi Anshita Nasreen Ghazi Ansari Jyotsna Singh Inhalation Toxicology Facility Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow22001UPIndi Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcsSIR) Ghaziabad201002UPIndia Analytical Chemistry Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow226001UPIndia

Incense smoke(IS)is source of indoor air pollution and key risk for diverse human *** in-formation is available regarding controlled IS rodent inhalation exposure system and IS particulate matter(PM)deposition in human *** aimed to demonstrate stable ISPM physicochemical parameters of 10 incense products inside the customized whole body inhalation exposure chamber(without animal)connected to smoke generation unit via aerosol mixing *** analyzed for size segregated PM emission,ISPM in vitro aerodynamics(MMAD and GSD determination),fine and ultrafine particle's SEM,SEM-EDX and PAH *** real life exposure scenario by utilizing MMAD,GSD and PM concentration after Tier 1 exposure assessment as key input parameters,ISPM dosimetry in infant(3 months)and adult(21 years male and female)human airways was calculated using multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD 3.04)*** median aerodynamic diameter(MMAD)and geo-metric standard deviation(GSD)ranged between 0.55 and 2.10μm and 1.22 to 1.77(polydisperse)***1.0 and PM0.1 showed multiple morphology and presence of heavy and trace *** like acenaphthylene,anthracene,fluorene,naphthalene and phenanthrene were detected(0.84-143.17μg/g).MPPD results showed higher ISPM deposition in pulmonary region and lowest in trachea bronchial *** deposition in tissue was higher in lower,peripheral lung as compared to upper and central lung *** body inhalation exposure system showed stable IS atmosphere(physi-cochemical parameters)indicating the device suitability in future inhalation *** ISPM deposition fraction and clearance data showed deep lung penetrating and retention behavior with higher risk in infant followed by female and then *** modeled particle deposition and clearance data may be useful in risk assessment analysis of IS.

关键词： Inhalation Incense smoke Multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD) Particle deposition Particulate matter(PM) Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) Human airway

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Study of Fractional Order Dynamical System of Viral Infection Disease under Piecewise Derivative

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 921-941页

作者： Kamal Shah hafsa Naz Thabet Abdeljawad Bahaaeldin Abdalla Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityP.O.Box 66833Riyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics University of MalakandChakdara Dir(L)Khyber Pakhtunkhwa18000Pakistan Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan

This research aims to understand the fractional order dynamics of the deadly Nipah virus(NiV)*** focus on using piecewise derivatives in the context of classical and singular kernels of power operators in the Caputo sense to investigate the crossover behavior of the considered dynamical *** establish some qualitative results about the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the proposed *** utilizing the Newtonian polynomials interpolation technique,we recall a powerful algorithm to interpret the numerical findings for the aforesaid ***,we remark that the said viral infection is caused by an RNA type virus which can transmit from animals and also from an infected person to *** bats which are also known as flying foxes are one of the sources of transmission of NiV *** in this work,we investigate its transmission mechanism through some new concepts of fractional calculus for further analysis and *** present the approximate results for different compartments using different fractional *** using the piecewise derivative concept,we detect the crossover ormulti-steps behavior in the transmission dynamics of the mentioned ***,the considered form of the derivative is used to deal with problems exhibiting crossover behaviors.

关键词： NiV disease fractional calculus piecewise derivative qualitative results newton polynomial RNA virus

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Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percentage in Assessment of Obesity Prevalence in Saudi Adults

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第2期26卷 94-99页

作者： Syed shahid HABIB Department of Physiology College of Medicine&King Khalid University HospitalKing Saud University

Objective To assess the obesity prevalence in body mass index （BMI） and body fat percentage Saudi adults according to the international standards of （BF%）. Methods Five hundred and thirty healthy Saudi adults aged 18-72 years （mean 36.91＋15.22 years） were enrolled in this study. Their body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impendence analysis with a commercially available body composition analyzer. Standard BMI and BF% values were used to define obesity. Results The prevalence of underweight, normal underweight, overweight and obesity in Saudi adults according to the BMI criteria （〈18.5 kg/mz, 18.5-24.4 kg/m2, 25-29.9 kg/m2, 30 k＆/m2 and above, respectively） was 2.5%, 30.2%, 33.6%, and 33.8%, respectively, whereas the obesity prevalence was 60% （n=31g） in Saudi adults according to the BF% criteria （25% for males and 30% for females）, which was significantly higher than that according to BMI criteria. However, it was 50.6% （n=268） when the BMI cutoff point was 27.5 kg/m2, proposed by WHO for the Asian population. Kappa analysis showed that the obesity prevalence defined by BMI and BF% was higher in females than in males （k=0.530 vs k=0.418, P〈O.O001）. The sensitivity and specificity of BMI （30 kg/m2 and 27.5 kg/m2） were 54.1% and 96.7% and 76.4% and 88.2%, respectively, for obesity. A lower BMI cutoff point （26.60 kg/m2） was proposed in this study, which gave the maximum sensitivity （84.3%） and specificity （85.4%）, with a moderate kappa agreement （k=0.686）. Moreover, the obesity prevalence at this cutoff point （56.4%） was significantly higher than that recommended by WHO. Conclusion The specificity of BMI for obesity is high and its sensitivity is low in both sexes. Its sensitivity can be increased by changing BMI cutoff to a lower value. The choice of BF% reference is of great influence for the assessment of obesity prevalence according to the BMI.

关键词： Body composition Obesity Body mass index Body fat percentage Kappa analysis

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