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Experimental Study on Heat Storage Properties Comparison of Paraffin/Metal Foams Phase Change Material Composites

Journal of thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 469-478页

作者： Waqar AHMED Abid HUSSAIN Hanzla SHAHID Imran ali hafiz Muhammad ali Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Mechanical Mechatronics and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology LahoreFaisalabad CampusPunjabPakistan Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Heat storage properties of phase change materials(PCMs) are essential characteristics that perform a key role in thermal heat energy storage systems.the thermal properties of PCMs can be improved by developing metal foam/PCM composites.the addition of metal foam in PCMs has a significant effect on the thermal characteristics of PCMs.In this paper,the heat storage properties of two different metal foam/PCM composites were experimentally examined.the behavior of paraffin in metal foam(copper and iron-nickel)/paraffin composites concerning pure paraffin at a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2) in three directions simultaneously(x,y,and z) was studied.Paraffin was infiltrated into copper and iron-nickel foams to develop composite materials which resulted in enhancing the thermal conductivity of the paraffin.A comparative analysis is made on the heat storage properties of paraffin in copper and iron-nickel foams/paraffin composites.Inner temperature distribution during the phase transition process is experimentally evaluated.this comparison indicates that temperature uniformity in copper foam/paraffin composite is better than in iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite and pure paraffin at the same heat flux.Experimental results show that at heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2),the heat storage time for copper foam/paraffin composite is 20.63% of that of iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite.

关键词： heat storage capacity paraffin/metal foam composite temperature uniformity heat storage rate phase transition process

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tailoring the optical and magnetic properties of La-BaM hexaferrites by Ni substitution

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第2期31卷 570-575页

作者： hafiz t.ali MRamzan M Imran Arshad Nicola A.Morley M.Hassan Abbas Mohammad Yusuf Atta Ur Rehman Khalid Mahmood Adnan ali Nasir Amin MAjaz-un-Nabi Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringTaif UniversityTaif 21944Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Government College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of SheffieldSir Robert Hadfield BuildingMapping St.SheffieldS13JDUK Department of Clinical Pharmacy College of PharmacyTaif UniversityTaif 21944Saudi Arabia

We investigate the impact of Ni insertion on the structural,optical,and magnetic properties of Ba_(0.8)La_(0.2)Fe_(12-x)Ni_(x)O_(19)hexaferrites(Ni substituted La-BaM hexaferrites).Samples were prepared using the conventional co-precipitation method and sintered at 1000℃for 4 hours to assist the crystallization process.An analysis of the structure of the samples was carried out using an x-ray diffraction(XRD)spectrometer.the M-type hexagonal structure of all the samples was confirmed using XRD spectra.the lattice parameters a and c were found to be in the ranges of 5.8925±0.001 nm–5.8952±0.001 nm and 23.2123±0.001 nm–23.2219±0.001 nm,respectively.the M-type hexagonal nature of the prepared samples was also indicated by the presence of corresponding Ft-IR bands and Raman modes in the Ft-IR and Raman spectra,respectively.EDX results confirmed the successful synthesis of the samples according to the required stoichiometric ratio.A UV-vis spectrometer was used to record the absorption spectra of the prepared samples in the wavelength range of 200 nm–1100 nm.the optical energy bandgap of the samples was found to be in the range of 1.21 eV–3.39 eV.the M–H loops of the samples were measured at room temperature at an applied magnetic field range of 0 kOe–60 kOe.A high saturation magnetization of 99.92 emu/g was recorded in the sample with x=0 at a microwave operating frequency of 22.2 GHz.this high value of saturation magnetization is due to the substitution of La3+ions at the spin-up(12k,2a,and 2b)sites.the Ni substitution is proven to be a potential candidate for the tuning of the optical and magnetic parameters of M-type hexaferrites.therefore,we suggest that the prepared samples are suitable for use in magneto-optic applications.

关键词： M-type hexaferrite nanostructured materials magnetic properties optical properties

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Elevating Image Steganography:A Fusion of MSB Matching and LSB Substitution for Enhanced Concealment Capabilities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2923-2943页

作者： Muhammad Zaman ali Omer Riaz hafiz Muhammad Hasnain Waqas Sharif tenvir ali Gyu Sang Choi Department of Information technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan School of Computer Science and Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongbuk38541Korea

In today’s rapidly evolving landscape of communication technologies,ensuring the secure delivery of sensitive data has become an essential priority.to overcome these difficulties,different steganography and data encryption methods have been proposed by researchers to secure communications.Most of the proposed steganography techniques achieve higher embedding capacities without compromising visual imperceptibility using LSB substitution.In this work,we have an approach that utilizes a combinationofMost SignificantBit(MSB)matching andLeast Significant Bit(LSB)substitution.the proposed algorithm divides confidential messages into pairs of bits and connects them with the MSBs of individual pixels using pair matching,enabling the storage of 6 bits in one pixel by modifying a maximum of three bits.the proposed technique is evaluated using embedding capacity and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)score,we compared our work with the Zakariya scheme the results showed a significant increase in data concealment capacity.the achieved results of ourwork showthat our algorithmdemonstrates an improvement in hiding capacity from11%to 22%for different data samples while maintaining a minimumPeak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)of 37 dB.these findings highlight the effectiveness and trustworthiness of the proposed algorithm in securing the communication process and maintaining visual integrity.

关键词： Steganography most significant bit(MSB) least significant bit(LSB) peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)

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Sepsis during short bowel syndrome hospitalizations:Identifying trends,disparities,and clinical outcomes in the United States

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2024年第1期15卷 26-36页

作者： Dushyant Singh Dahiya Jennifer Wachala Shantanu Solanki Dhanshree Solanki Asim Kichloo Samantha Holcomb Uvesh Mansuri Khwaja Saad Haq Hassam ali Manesh Kumar Gangwani Yash R Shah teresa Varghese hafiz Muzaffar Akbar Khan Simon Peter Horslen thomas D Schiano Syed-Mohammed Jafri Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Department of Internal Medicine Samaritan Medical CenterWatertownNY 13601United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&Nutrition The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Medicine Institute for Foreign Medical Graduate EducationHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Harbor HospitalBaltimoreMD 21225United States Department of Internal Medicine WellStar Spalding Regional HospitalGriffinGA 30224United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionEast Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine and UPMC Children’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15219United States Division of Liver Diseases Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMI 48202United States

BACKGROUND Short bowel syndrome(SBS)hospitalizations are often complicated with sepsis.there is a significant paucity of data on adult SBS hospitalizations in the United States and across the globe.AIM to assess trends and outcomes of SBS hospitalizations complicated by sepsis in the United States.MEtHODS the National Inpatient Sample was utilized to identify all adult SBS hospitalizations between 2005-2014.the study cohort was further divided based on the presence or absence of sepsis.trends were identified,and hospitalization characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared.Predictors of mortality for SBS hospitalizations complicated with sepsis were assessed.RESULtS Of 247097 SBS hospitalizations,21.7%were complicated by sepsis.Septic SBS hospitalizations had a rising trend of hospitalizations from 20.8%in 2005 to 23.5%in 2014(P trendto non-septic SBS hospitalizations,septic SBS hospitalizations had a higher proportion of males(32.8%vs 29.3%,Ptients in the 35-49(45.9%vs 42.5%,Pthnic minorities,i.e.,Blacks(12.4%vs 11.3%,Pthermore,septic SBS hospitalizations had a higher proportion of patients with intestinal transplantation(0.33%vs 0.22%,Ptient mortality(8.5%vs 1.4%,Pth of stay(16.1 d vs 7.7 d,Pto the non-sepsis cohort.A younger age,female gender,White race,and presence of comorbidities such as anemia and depression were identified to be independent predictors of inpatient mortality for septic SBS hospitalizations.CONCLUSION Septic SBS hospitalizations had a rising trend between 2005-2014 and were associated with higher inpatient mortality compared to non-septic SBS hospitalizations.

关键词： Short bowel syndrome Sepsis Outcomes Mortality trends

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tribological Performance of Different Concentrations of Al_(2)O_(3)Nanofluids on Minimum Quantity Lubrication Milling

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2023年第4期36卷 67-78页

作者： Xiufang Bai Juan Jiang Changhe Li Lan Dong hafiz Muhammad ali Shubham Sharma School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Qingdao Binhai UniversityQingdao 266555China Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering IK Gujral Punjab Technical UniversityMain Campus-KapurthalaJalandhar 144603India

Nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication(NMQL)is a green processing technology.Cottonseed oil is suitable as base oil because of excellent lubrication performance,low freezing temperature,and high yield.Al_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles improve not only the heat transfer capacity but also the lubrication performance.the physical and chemical proper-ties of nanofluid change when Al_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles are added.However,the effects of the concentration of nanofluid on lubrication performance remain unknown.Furthermore,the mechanisms of interaction between Al_(2)O_(3)nanoparti-cles and cottonseed oil are unclear.In this research,nanofluid is prepared by adding different mass concentrations of Al_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles(0,0.2%,0.5%,1%,1.5%,and 2%wt)to cottonseed oil during minimum quantity lubrication(MQL)milling 45 steel.the tribological properties of nanofluid with different concentrations at the tool/workpiece interface are studied through macro-evaluation parameters(milling force,specific energy)and micro-evaluation parameters(surface roughness,micro morphology,contact angle).the result show that the specific energy is at the minimum(114 J/mm^(3)),and the roughness value is the lowest(1.63μm)when the concentration is 0.5 wt%.the surfaces of the chip and workpiece are the smoothest,and the contact angle is the lowest,indicating that the tribological proper-ties are the best under 0.5 wt%.this research investigates the intercoupling mechanisms of Al_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles and cottonseed base oil,and acquires the optimal Al_(2)O_(3)nanofluid concentration to receive satisfactory tribological properties.

关键词： Milling Al_(2)O_(3)nanofluid Minimum quantity lubrication(MQL) Surface micromorphology

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Machine Learning Based Psychotic Behaviors Prediction from Facebook Status Updates

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2411-2427页

作者： Mubashir ali Anees Baqir hafiz Husnain Raza Sherazi Asad Hussain Asma Hassan Alshehri Muhammad ali Imran Department of Management Information and Production EngineeringUniversity of BergamoBergamo24129Italy Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and StatisticsCa’Foscari University of VeniceVenice30123Italy School of Computing and Engineering University of West LondonLondonW55RFUK Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences University of BergamoBergamo24129Italy Durma College of Science and Humanities Shaqra UniversityShaqra11961Saudi Arabia School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgowG128QQUK

With the advent of technological advancements and the widespread Internet connectivity during the last couple of decades,social media platforms(such as Facebook,twitter,and Instagram)have consumed a large proportion of time in our daily lives.People tend to stay alive on their social media with recent updates,as it has become the primary source of interactionwithin social circles.Although social media platforms offer several remarkable features but are simultaneously prone to various critical vulnerabilities.Recent studies have revealed a strong correlation between the usage of social media and associated mental health issues consequently leading to depression,anxiety,suicide commitment,and mental disorder,particularly in the young adults who have excessively spent time on socialmedia which necessitates a thorough psychological analysis of all these platforms.this study aims to exploit machine learning techniques for the classification of psychotic issues based on Facebook status updates.In this paper,we start with depression detection in the first instance and then expand on analyzing six other psychotic issues(e.g.,depression,anxiety,psychopathic deviate,hypochondria,unrealistic,and hypomania)commonly found in adults due to extreme use of social media networks.to classify the psychotic issues with the user’s mental state,we have employed different Machine Learning(ML)classifiers i.e.,Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Naïve Bayes(NB),and K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN).the used ML models are trained and tested by using different combinations of features selection techniques.to observe themost suitable classifiers for psychotic issue classification,a cost-benefit function(sometimes termed as‘Suitability’)has been used which combines the accuracy of the model with its execution time.the experimental evidence argues that RF outperforms its competitor classifiers with the unigram feature set.

关键词： Psychotic behaviors mental health socialmedia machine learning

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Geographic distribution of arsenic contamination in the Himalayan Rivers flowing through Pakistan: Implications for its natural source and effects of anthropogenic activities

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第4期38卷 543-555页

作者： Ishtiaque Hussain hafiz Ur.Rehman takaaki Itai Junaid ali Khattak Abida Farooqi Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Environmental Sciences University of Baltistan Skardu Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering Kagoshima University Department of Earth and Planetary Environmental Science (UG) Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Department of Earth and Planetary Physics (UG) Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Department of Earth and Planetary Science (GR) Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo

Arsenic(As) in natural hydrological systems is known as a worldwide major environmental concern. A geochemical and sedimentological study was done to ascertain the origin and geographical distribution of As in surface water and fluvial sediment collected from the floodplains/basins of the River Indus and its four major tributaries that drain through the northern Pakistan. the hydrogeochemical compositions of all five rivers were similar with calcium(Ca2+) and bicarbonate(HCO3-) being the dominating ions. the concentration of As ranged from 0.62-24.05 μg/L(average 3.7 ± 3.5 μg/L, n = 61) in river water, 2.3-23.4 mg/kg(average 5.7 ± 3.9 mg/kg) in suspended sediment, and 2.0-13 mg/kg(average4.13 ± 2.3 mg/kg) in fluvial sediment. Various approaches were used, including mineralogical, sequential extraction, geochemical, and statistical analyses to investigate the distribution, behavior, and potential sources of As in the sediment. the effect of geological factors on the distribution of As was also studied.No noticeable changes in the relative abundance of minerals were observed in the sediment at different locations along the river. Both mineralogical and statistical analyses showed that silicate minerals like muscovite, biotite, and chloride are the main As reservoir while oxides minerals like hematite and magnetite, which are minor components in the sediment are second largest As carrier. A geochemical baseline, using the normalization and cumulative frequency distribution curves was constructed for As.the estimated mean human contribution of As was 3.4% in the Indus River, 1.9% in the Jhelum River, 13.7%in the Chenab River, 17.5% in the Ravi River and 5.4% in the Sutlej River, indicating relatively higher effects of anthropogenic activity along the Chenab River and Ravi River. the almost negligible effects of anthropogenic activities were additionally confirmed through the pollution assessment parameters estimated from the geo-enrichment, contamination factors, and accumulation index analyses. the current data sugg

关键词： Arsenic Indus basin Geochemical baseline Source Contamination assessment

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Machinability of ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-grinding in biological bone using nanolubricant

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2023年第1期18卷 115-130页

作者： Yuying YANG Min YANG Changhe LI Runze LI Zafar SAID hafiz Muhammad ali Shubham SHARMA School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China College of Physics Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering IK Gujral Punjab Technical UniversityJalandhar 144603India

Bone grinding is an essential and vital procedure in most surgical operations.Currently,the insufficient cooling capacity of dry grinding,poor visibility of drip irrigation surgery area,and large grinding force leading to high grinding temperature are the technical bottlenecks of micro-grinding.A new micro-grinding process called ultrasonic vibration-assisted nanoparticle jet mist cooling(U-NJMC)is innovatively proposed to solve the technical problem.It combines the advantages of ultrasonic vibration(UV)and nanoparticle jet mist cooling(NJMC).Notwithstanding,the combined effect of multi parameter collaborative of U-NJMC on cooling has not been investigated.the grinding force,friction coefficient,specific grinding energy,and grinding temperature under dry,drip irrigation,UV,minimum quantity lubrication(MQL),NJMC,and U-NJMC micro-grinding were compared and analyzed.Results showed that the minimum normal grinding force and tangential grinding force of U-NJMC micro-grinding were 1.39 and 0.32 N,which were 75.1%and 82.9%less than those in dry grinding,respectively.the minimum friction coefficient and specific grinding energy were achieved using U-NJMC.Compared with dry,drip,UV,MQL,and NJMC grinding,the friction coefficient of U-NJMC was decreased by 31.3%,17.0%,19.0%,9.8%,and 12.5%,respectively,and the specific grinding energy was decreased by 83.0%,72.7%,77.8%,52.3%,and 64.7%,respectively.Compared with UV or NJMC alone,the grinding temperature of U-NJMC was decreased by 33.5%and 10.0%,respectively.these results showed that U-NJMC provides a novel approach for clinical surgical micro-grinding of biological bone.

关键词： micro-grinding biological bone ultrasonic vibration(UV) nanoparticle jet mist cooling(NJMC) grinding force grinding temperature

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Estimating Anthropometric Soft Biometrics:An Empirical Method

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第9期37卷 2727-2743页

作者： Bilal Hassan hafiz Husnain Raza Sherazi Mubashir ali Yusra Siddiqi Engineering&Environment Northumbria UniversityLondon CampusLondonE17HTUK School of Computing and Engineering University of West LondonLondonW55RFUK School of Computer Science University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK

Following the success of soft biometrics over traditional biomet-rics,anthropometric soft biometrics are emerging as candidate features for recognition or retrieval using an image/video.Anthropometric soft biometrics uses a quantitative mode of annotation which is a relatively better method for annotation than qualitative annotations adopted by traditional biometrics.However,one of the most challenging tasks is to achieve a higher level of accuracy while estimating anthropometric soft biometrics using an image or video.the level of accuracy is usually affected by several contextual factors such as overlapping body components,an angle from the camera,and ambient conditions.Exploring and developing such a collection of anthropometric soft biometrics that are less sensitive to contextual factors and are relatively easy to estimate using an image or video is a potential research domain and it has a lot of value for improved recognition or retrieval.For this purpose,anthro-pometric soft biometrics,which are originally geometric measurements of the human body,can be computed with ease and higher accuracy using landmarks information from the human body.to this end,several key contributions are made in this paper;i)summarizing a range of human body pose estimation tools used to localize dozens of different multi-modality landmarks from the human body,ii)a critical evaluation of the usefulness of anthropometric soft biometrics in recognition or retrieval tasks using state of the art in the field,iii)an investigation on several benchmark human body anthropometric datasets and their usefulness for the evaluation of any anthropometric soft biometric system,and iv)finally,a novel bag of anthropometric soft biomet-rics containing a list of anthropometrics is presented those are practically possible to measure from an image or video.to the best of our knowledge,anthropometric soft biometrics are potential features for improved seamless recognition or retrieval in both constrained and unconstrained scenarios and they also minimi

关键词： Anthropometrics soft biometrics landmark localization estimation

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Complex Network Formation and Analysis of Online Social Media Systems

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第3期130卷 1737-1750页

作者： hafiz Abid Mahmood Malik Faculty of Computer Studies Arab Open UniversityA’aliKingdom of Bahrain

to discover and identify the influential nodes in any complex network has been an important issue.It is a significant factor in order to control over the network.through control on a network,any information can be spread and stopped in a short span of time.Both targets can be achieved,since network of information can be extended and as well destroyed.So,information spread and community formation have become one of the most crucial issues in the world of SNA(Social Network Analysis).In this work,the complex network of twitter social network has been formalized and results are analyzed.For this purpose,different network metrics have been utilized.Visualization of the network is provided in its original form and then filter out(different percentages)from the network to eliminate the less impacting nodes and edges for better analysis.this network is analyzed according to different cent.ality measures,like edge-betweenness,betweenness cent.ality,closeness cent.ality and eigenvector cent.ality.Influential nodes are detected and their impact is observed on the network.the communities are analyzed in terms of network coverage considering theMinimum Spanning tree,shortest path distribution and network diameter.It is found that these are the very effective ways to find influential and central nodes from such big social networks like Facebook,Instagram,twitter,LinkedIn,etc.

关键词： Complex network data extraction nodes and edges network visualization social media network main hubs cent.ality measures

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