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Unsupervised Color Segmentation with Reconstructed Spatial Weighted Gaussian Mixture Model and Random Color Histogram

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3323-3348页

作者： Umer Sadiq Khan Zhen Liu Fang Xu Muhib ullah Khan Lerui Chen Touseef ahmed Khan Muhammad Kashif Khattak Yuquan Zhang School of Computer and Information Science Hubei Engineering UniversityXiaogan432000China Institute for AI Industrial Technology Research Hubei Engineering UniversityXiaogan432000China Key Lab of Mountain Hazards and Surface Processes Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China College of Aviation Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou451191China Research Center of Digital Mountain and Remote Sensing Application Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China School of Computer Science University of PoonchAzad Jammu Kashmir12350Pakistan School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hubei UniversityWuhan430062China

Image classification and unsupervised image segmentation can be achieved using the Gaussian mixture *** the Gaussian mixture model enhances the flexibility of image segmentation,it does not reflect spatial information and is sensitive to the segmentation *** this study,we first present an efficient algorithm that incorporates spatial information into the Gaussian mixture model(GMM)without parameter *** proposed model highlights the residual region with considerable information and constructs color ***,we incorporate the content-based color saliency as spatial information in the Gaussian mixture *** segmentation is performed by clustering each pixel into an appropriate component according to the expectation maximization and maximum ***,the random color histogram assigns a unique color to each cluster and creates an attractive color by default for segmentation.A random color histogram serves as an effective tool for data visualization and is instrumental in the creation of generative art,facilitating both analytical and aesthetic *** experiments,we have used the Berkeley segmentation dataset BSDS-500 and Microsoft Research in Cambridge *** the study,the proposed model showcases notable advancements in unsupervised image segmentation,with probabilistic rand index(PRI)values reaching 0.80,BDE scores as low as 12.25 and 12.02,compactness variations at 0.59 and 0.7,and variation of information(VI)reduced to 2.0 and 1.49 for the BSDS-500 and MSRC datasets,respectively,outperforming current leading-edge methods and yielding more precise segmentations.

关键词： Unsupervised segmentation color saliency spatial weighted GMM random color histogram

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影响MAX相合成及其性能的因素（英文）

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Science China Materials 2024年

作者： Maaz ullah Khan Sumair ahmed Soomro Muhammad Irfan Jahanger 周延春楚珑晟冯庆国胡春峰 Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University

MAX相是一类三元化合物,具有层状晶体结构和混合化学键性质(共价-离子-金属键),因而其同时具有陶瓷和金属的特性. MAX相陶瓷展现出与其他传统陶瓷不同的独特性能.在本综述中,我们重点介绍了一些代表性的MAX相合成方法,这些方法具有成本...

MAX相是一类三元化合物,具有层状晶体结构和混合化学键性质(共价-离子-金属键),因而其同时具有陶瓷和金属的特性. MAX相陶瓷展现出与其他传统陶瓷不同的独特性能.在本综述中,我们重点介绍了一些代表性的MAX相合成方法,这些方法具有成本效益和节能潜力.MAX相的纯度、杂质相的形成、微观结构和性能在制备过程中受到许多参数的影响.因此,我们特别强调了各种因素的影响,这些因素会交替削弱材料的制备效率和最终性能.本文总结了起始材料、化学计量比、温度、压力、粒度、孔隙率、微观结构、机械合金化、机械活化、离子辐照和掺杂等多个参数的影响,以揭示它们对MAX相合成和性能的影响.最后,我们探讨了MAX相在商业上的潜在应用,并展望其在工业领域的发展前景.

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Efficient construction of a substitution box based on a Mordell elliptic curve over a finite field

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019年第10期20卷 1378-1389页

作者： Naveed ahmed AZAM Umar HAYAT Ikram ullah Department of Applied Mathematics and Physics Graduate School of InformaticsKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan

Elliptic curve cryptography has been used in many security systems due to its small key size and high security compared with other cryptosystems. In many well-known security systems, a substitution box (S-box) is the only non-linear component. Recently, it has been shown that the security of a cryptosystem can be improved using dynamic S-boxes instead of a static S-box. This necessitates the construction of new secure S-boxes. We propose an efficient method to generate S-boxes that are based on a class of Mordell elliptic curves over prime fields and achieved by defining different total orders. The proposed scheme is devel-oped in such a way that for each input it outputs an S-box in linear time and constant space. Due to this property, our method takes less time and space than the existing S-box construction methods over elliptic curves. Computational results show that the pro-posed method is capable of generating cryptographically strong S-boxes with security comparable to some of the existing S-boxes constructed via different mathematical structures.

关键词： Substitution box Finite field Mordell elliptic curve Total order Computational complexity

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Genesis and magma fertility of gold associated high-K granites:LA-ICP-MS zircon trace element and REEs constraint from Bakoshi–Gadanya granites in NW Nigeria

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第3期41卷 351-366页

作者： Safiyanu Muhammad Elatikpo Huan Li Yuanlin Chen hafi.ullah abba ahmed Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of EducationSchool of Geosciences and Info-PhysicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Geology Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria Department of Geology Modibbo Adama University of TechnologyP.M.B.2076YolaNigeria

High-K granites dominate the rock units in the Bakoshi and Gadanya areas located in the northwestern Nigerian subshield,part of the Trans-Saharan Belt,West *** this contribution,the LA-ICP-MS zircon trace element revealed the fertility of magma responsible for the high-K granites that hosts the Bakoshi–Gadanya gold *** likely metallogenic granites types are 1)Gadanya alkali granite,with high Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)(mean 1485)and limited range of Eu anomalies may likely be associated with the gold mineralization,and 2)Bakoshi porphyritic granite,Jaulere biotite granite,Shanono coarsegrained granite,and Yettiti granite,all have low Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+) ratios(mean\100,except second Bakoshi granite D2-1)with wider ranges of Eu/Eu^(*) values,thus are considered reduced *** reduced granites have oxygen fugacity values and Eu anomalies comparable to reduced granites associated with tin belts in Myanmar and Zaaiplaats granites in Bushveld Complex,South ***-inZircon thermometric study revealed two thermal regimes during the crystallization of the Bakoshi–Gadanya granites:the high temperature(746–724℃):Shanono coarsegrained granite,Bakoshi granite D2-1,and Jaulere biotite granite;and relatively low temperature(705–653℃):Bakoshi porphyritic granite D1-1,Yettiti medium-grained granite,and Gadanya alkali *** trace elements including U,Yb,Y,Nb,and Sc ratios constraint the magma source of Bakoshi–Gadanya granites to an enriched mantle metasomatized during the subduction process before its *** for Gadanya alkali granite,fractionation of titanite and apatite dominate the magma evolution with limited amphibole *** that crystallized Gadanya alkali granite is rather saturated in zircon without accessory titanite or apatite.

关键词： Bakoshi–Gadanya area Zircon trace element Europium anomalies Gold mineralization Oxygen fugacity Cerium ratio

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A Mutual Authentication and Cross Verification Protocol for Securing Internet-of-Drones (IoD)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 5845-5869页

作者： Saeed ullah Jan Irshad ahmed abbasi Fahad Algarni Department of Computer Science&IT University of MalakandChakadara18800Pakistan Faculty of Science&Arts Belqarn Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of BishaSabtul Alaya 61985Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBisha 67714Saudi Arabia

With the rapid miniaturization in sensor technology,Internet-ofDrones(IoD)has delighted researchers towards information transmission security among drones with the control station server(CSS).In IoD,the drone is different in shapes,sizes,characteristics,and *** can be classified on the purpose of its deployment,either in the civilian or military ***’s manufacturing,equipment installation,power supply,multi-rotor system,and embedded sensors are not issues for *** main thing is to utilize a drone for a complex and sensitive task using an infrastructureless/self-organization/resource-less network type called Flying Ad Hoc Network(FANET).Monitoring data transmission traffic,emergency and rescue operations,border surveillance,search and physical phenomenon sensing,and so on can be achieved by developing a robust mutual authentication and cross-verification scheme for IoD deployment civilian *** several protocols are available in the literature,they are either design issues or suffering from other vulnerabilities;still,no one claims with conviction about foolproof security ***,in this paper,the researchers highlighted the major deficits in prior protocols of the domain,i.e.,these protocols are either vulnerable to forgery,side channel,stolen-verifier attacks,or raised the outdated data transmission *** order to overcome these loopholes and provide a solution to the existing vulnerabilities,this paper proposed an improved and robust public key infrastructure(PKI)based authentication scheme for the IoD *** proposed protocol’s security analysis section has been conducted formally using BAN(Burrows-Abadi-Needham)logic,ProVerif2.03 simulation,and informally using discussion/pragmatic *** the performance analysis section of the paper has been assessed by considering storage,computation,and communication *** comparing the proposed protocol with prior works,it has been demonstrate

关键词： Cryptography authentication confidentiality reachability ZSP

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Evaluating Manufacturing Energy Consumption for a Part Using Geometry

Evaluating Manufacturing Energy Consumption for a Part Using...

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作者： abba ahmed Rimi 湖南大学

学位级别：硕士

在设计过程中做出的决策对零件的制造有重大影响。除了技术和功能要求,设计师还权衡了设计几何、材料和规格对能源消耗的影响。由于大部分零件的可持续性影响是在设计过程中确定的,因此工程师在整个设计过程中考虑可持续性是很重要的。...

在设计过程中做出的决策对零件的制造有重大影响。除了技术和功能要求,设计师还权衡了设计几何、材料和规格对能源消耗的影响。由于大部分零件的可持续性影响是在设计过程中确定的,因此工程师在整个设计过程中考虑可持续性是很重要的。评估设计可持续性的现有工具没有考虑设计的几何复杂性,也很少为工程师改进设计提供指导。基于更复杂的设计将需要更多的资源来制造的概念,本文提出了一种新的方法来评估制造阶段的能源消耗。本论文的主要目的是提出一个工具的框架,可以指导工程师进行更可持续的设计。新的可持续性评估工具应分析设计几何图形(即CAD文件)的复杂性,以便预测其在制造过程中的能耗。由于开发刀具的第一步是研究影响零件制造能耗的主要几何因素,因此本文研究了设计几何对数控加工能耗的影响。这项研究发现,高达98%的能源消耗的变化,在加工过程中的一个部分可以预测使用其几何特征。事实上,设计的长度、可达性得分和边界体积解释了高达75%的能耗变化。研究还发现,半精加工和球磨操作占加工总能耗的四分之三以上。研究结果可用于预测给定部件几何形状的相对制造能耗。这可以进一步完善,以开发一种工具,可以指导工程师进行更可持续的设计。本文提出的模型可以作为开发一个工具的跳板,该工具可以从CAD文件中分析设计几何,向设计工程师提供反馈,并指导他们进行更可持续的设计。根据本研究的结果,该工具应使用一个评估模型,该模型除了考虑最终零件体积和移除体积外,还应考虑几何特征,如表面积、尺寸和可达性。

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Joint optimization for secure ambient backscatter communication in NOMA-enabled IoT networks

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第1期9卷 264-269页

作者： Wali ullah Khan Furqan Jameel Asim Ihsan Omer Waqar Manzoor ahmed Interdisciplinary Centre for Security Reliability and Trust(SnT)/SigComUniversity of LuxembourgLuxembourg Department of Communications and Networking Aalto University02150EspooFinland Department of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Department of Engineering Thompson Rivers University(TRU)British Columbia(BC)Canada College of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao UniversityQingdao266071China

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)has emerged as a novel air interface technology for massive connectivity in Sixth-Generation(6G)*** recent integration of NOMA in Backscatter Communication(BC)has triggered significant research interest due to its applications in low-powered Internet of Things(IoT)***,the link security aspect of these networks has not been well *** article provides a new optimization framework for improving the physical layer security of the NOMA ambient BC *** system model takes into account the simultaneous operation of NOMA IoT users and the Backscatter Node(BN)in the presence of multiple EavesDroppers(EDs).The EDs in the surrounding area can overhear the communication of Base Station(BS)and BN due to the wireless broadcast ***,the chief aim is to enhance link security by optimizing the BN reflection coefficient and BS transmit *** gauge the performance of the proposed scheme,we also present the suboptimal NOMA and conventional orthogonal multiple access as benchmark *** Carlo simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the NOMA BC scheme over the pure NOMA scheme without the BC and conventional orthogonal multiple access schemes in terms of system secrecy rate.

关键词： 6G Non-orthogonal multiple access Ambient backscatter communication Internet-of-things Joint optimization Physical layer security

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Cyber Secure Framework for Smart Containers Based on Novel Hybrid DTLS Protocol

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第12期43卷 1297-1313页

作者： Waseem ullah Khan Safdar Nawaz Khan Marwat Salman ahmed Department of Computer Systems Engineering University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPeshawar25120Pakistan

The Internet of Things (IoTs) is apace growing, billions of IoT devicesare connected to the Internet which communicate and exchange data among eachother. Applications of IoT can be found in many fields of engineering and sciencessuch as healthcare, traffic, agriculture, oil and gas industries, and logistics. Inlogistics, the products which are to be transported may be sensitive and perishable, and require controlled environment. Most of the commercially availablelogistic containers are not integrated with IoT devices to provide controlled environment parameters inside the container and to transmit data to a remote *** necessitates the need for designing and fabricating IoT based smart containers. Due to constrained nature of IoT devices, these are prone to different cybersecurity attacks such as Denial of Service (DoS), Man in Middle (MITM) andReplay. Therefore, designing efficient cyber security framework are required forsmart container. The Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) Protocol hasemerged as the de facto standard for securing communication in IoT ***, it is unable to minimize cyber security attacks such as Denial of Serviceand Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) during the handshake process. Themain contribution of this paper is to design a cyber secure framework by implementing novel hybrid DTLS protocol in smart container which can efficientlyminimize the effects of cyber attacks during handshake process. The performanceof our proposed framework is evaluated in terms of energy efficiency, handshaketime, throughput and packet delivery ratio. Moreover, the proposed framework istested in IoT based smart containers. The proposed framework decreases handshake time more than 9% and saves 11% of energy efficiency for transmissionin compare of the standard DTLS, while increases packet delivery ratio andthroughput by 83% and 87% respectively.

关键词： Logistic container logistics security cyber security perishable products monitoring

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Three-dimensional flow of Powell–Eyring nanofluid with heat and mass flux boundary conditions

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第7期25卷 261-268页

作者： Tasawar Hayat Ikram ullah Taseer Muhammad ahmed Alsaedi Sabir Ali Shehzad Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam University Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University Department of Mathematics Comsats Institute of Information Technology

This article investigates the three-dimensional flow of Powell–Eyring nanofluid with thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects. The energy equation is considered in the presence of thermal radiation. The heat and mass flux conditions are taken into account. Mathematical formulation is carried out through the boundary layer approach. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into the nonlinear ordinary differential equations through suitable variables. The resulting nonlinear ordinary differential equations have been solved for the series solutions. Effects of emerging physical parameters on the temperature and nanoparticles concentration are plotted and discussed. Numerical values of local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are computed and examined.

关键词： three-dimensional flow Powell–Eyring fluid nanoparticles thermal radiation

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Reforming of Methane by CO2 over Bimetallic Ni-Mn/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2014年第2期27卷 214-220,I0004页

作者： Anis Hamza Fakeeha Muhammad Awais Naeem Wasim ullah Khan ahmed Elhag Abasaeed ahmed Sadeq Al-Fatesh 沙特国王大学工程学院化学工程系利雅得11421

γ-Al2O3 supported Ni-Mn bimetallic catalysts for CO2 reforming of methane were prepared by impregnation method. The reforming reactions were conducted at 500-700℃ and atmospheric pressure using CO2/CH4/N2 with feed ratio of 17/17/2, at total flow rate of 36 mL/min. The catalytic performance was assessed through CH4 and CO2 conversions, synthesis gas ratio （H2/CO） and long term stability. Catalytic activity and stability tests revealed that addition of Mn improved catalytic performance and led to higher stability of bimetallic catalysts which presented better coke suppression than monometallic catalyst. In this work, the optimum loading of Mn which exhibited the most stable performance and least coke deposition was 0.5wt%. The fresh and spent catalysts were characterized by various techniques such as Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, the temperature programmed desorption CO2- TPD, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, EDX, and infrared spectroscopy.

关键词： CH4 CO2 Bimetallic Dry reforming Ni/γ-Al2O3 Mn and H2/CO

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