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Fundamental Research 2024年第3期4卷 660-670页

作者： Xinlu Sun Zhifu Mi Lu Cheng d'Maris Coffman Yu Liu The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HBUnited Kingdom College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The European Commission has proposed a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM)to reduce carbon leakage and create a level playing field for its domestic products and imported ***,the effectiveness of the proposal remains unclear,especially when it triggers threats of retaliation from trading partners of the European *** apply a Computable General Equilibrium model-Global Trade Analysis Project-to assess the economic and environmental impacts of different CBAM *** we show that the effectiveness of the CBAM to address carbon leakage risks is rather limited,and the CBAM raises concerns over global welfare costs,Correct to Gross domestic Product(GdP)losses,and violation of equality *** retaliation leads to multiplied welfare losses,which would mostly be borne by poor *** results question the carbon leakage reduction effect of a unilateral trade policy and suggest that climate change mitigation still needs to be performed within the framework of international cooperation.

关键词： Carbon border adjustment mechanism Carbon leakage Climate change mitigation Floorcarbon price Trade retaliation

Understanding the catalysis of chromium trioxide added magnesium hydride for hydrogen storage and Li ion battery applications

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1117-1130页

作者： d.Pukazhselvan IhsanÇaha Catarina de Lemos Sergey M.Mikhalev Francis Leonard deepak duncan Paul Fagg department of Mechanical Engineering TEMA-Centre for Mechanical Technology and AutomationUniversity of AveiroAveiro 3810-193Portugal LASI-Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory Guimarães 4800-058Portugal Nanostructured Materials Group International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory(INL)Avenida Mestre Jose VeigaBraga 4715-330Portugal

This study explores how the chemical interaction between magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))and the additive CrO_(3) influences the hydrogen/lithium storage characteristics of MgH_(2).We have observed that a 5 wt.%CrO_(3) additive reduces the dehydrogenation activation energy of MgH_(2) by 68 kJ/mol and lowers the required dehydrogenation temperature by 80℃.CrO_(3) added MgH_(2) was also tested as an anode in an Li ion battery,and it is possible to deliver over 90%of the total theoretical capacity(2038 mAh/g).Evidence for improved reversibility in the battery reaction is found only after the incorporation of additives with MgH_(2).In depth characterization study by X-ray diffraction(XRd)technique provides convincing evidence that the CrO_(3) additive interacts with MgH_(2) and produces Cr/MgO *** free energy analyses confirm the thermodynamic feasibility of conversion from MgH_(2)/CrO_(3) to MgO/Cr,which is well supported by the identification of Cr(0)in the powder by X ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)*** high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EdS)we found evidence for the presence of 5 nm size Cr nanocrystals on the surface of MgO rock salt *** is also convincing ground to consider that MgO rock salt accommodates Cr in the *** observations support the argument that creation of active metal–metal dissolved rock salt oxide interface may be vital for improving the reactivity of MgH_(2),both for the improved storage of hydrogen and lithium.

关键词： Hydrogen storage Rechargeable batteries Binary hydrides Metal oxides Catalytic mechanism.

Facile synthesis of intra-nanogap enhanced Raman tags with different shapes

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8415-8423页

作者： Sanjun Fan Brian T.Scarpitti Zhewen Luo Abigail E.Smith Jian Ye Zachary d.Schultz department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Hot spot engineering in plasmonic nanostructures plays a significant role in surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)for bioanalysis and cell ***,creating stable,reproducible,and strong SERS signals remains challenging due to the potential interference from surrounding chemicals and locating SERS-active analytes into hot-spot ***,we developed a straightforward approach to synthesize intra-gap nanoparticles encapsulating 4-nitrobenzenethiol(4-NBT)as a reporter molecule within these gaps to avoid outside *** made three kinds of intra-gap nanoparticles using nanorods,bipyramids,and nanospheres as cores,in which the nanorods based intra-gap nanoparticles exhibit the highest SERS *** advantage of our method is the ease of preparation of high-yield and stable intra-gap nanoparticles characterized by a short incubation time(10 min)with 4-NBT and quick synthesis without requiring an additional step to centrifuge for the purification of core *** intense localized field in the synthesized hot spots of these plasmonic gap nanostructures holds great promise as a SERS substrate for a broad range of quantitative optical applications.

关键词： hot spot engineering surface enhanced Raman scattering intra-gap nanoparticles 4-nitrobenzenethiol

Influence of Component Size on the Corrosion Behavior of Ti6Al4V Alloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 159-168页

作者： Hongyu Zheng Xin Gai Yun Bai Wentao Hou Shujun Li Yulin Hao R.d.K.Misra Rui Yang Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang110016China Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610213China department of Metallurgical Materialsand Biomedical EngineeringThe University of Texas at El Paso500WUniversity AvenueEl PasoTX79968USA

The electrochemical behavior of Ti-6Al-4V with 1 mm and 16 mm thickness prepared by electron beam powder bed fusion(EB-PBF)was investigated in phosphate buffered *** results showed that EB-PBF Ti-6Al-4V with a larger component size was more resistant to corrosion compared to the smaller component,because of less acicularαʹphase content and moreβphase *** a non-equilibrium phase in the“high-energy state”,αʹphase has a greater susceptibility to corrode and reduces the corrosion resistance of the material,whileβphase improves corrosion resistance of titanium *** results show that the phase composition has a more significant effect on the corrosion performance than the grain size.

关键词： Electron beam powder bed fusion Ti6Al4V alloy Corrosion resistance Component size Polarisation

Unveiling the time-temperature dependence of metastability of supercooled liquid using nano-calorimetry

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 119-127页

作者： Yijun ding Lijian Song Zheng Wang Ruiqi Yu Junqiang Wang Lina Hu Yuanzheng Yue Edgar d.Zanotto Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Shandong University Jinan 250061China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology Shandong University Jinan 250061 China department of Chemistry and Bioscience Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Sao CarlosSao Carlos SP 13.565-905Brazil

There is a lack of understanding of both the conversion of an unstable glass into a metastable supercooled liquid(MSL) upon heating and the metastability of MSLs. In this study, we investigated the time-and temperature-dependent metastability of an MSL using an advanced nano-calorimetric technique. The chosen Au-based metallic glass(Au MG) allowed adequate probing of its MSL in a temperature range between 10 and 70 K above the standard glass transition temperature. We found that the survival time of the MSL state is a quadratic function of temperature. Beyond this duration threshold, the sample undergoes fast crystallization even if it is below the crystallization temperature that is measured using differential scanning *** transmission electron microscopy, we observed the formation of clusters with a partially ordered lattice structure during relaxation in the Au MG sample fabricated using a nano-calorimeter. The atomic ordering within the clusters was enhanced by increasing time and temperature in the MSL region. Once the as-produced glass entered the MSL stage upon heating followed by a quenching stage at a given rate, the mechanical properties of the quenched glass remained the same regardless of its holding temperature and duration within the MSL region. This work provides insights into the glass-MSL-crystal transformation and offers guidance for designing standard metallic glasses for property characterizations.

关键词： metallic glass supercooled liquid relaxation nucleation nano calorimetric technology

Assessing the biennial conference on science and technology (BICOST IX) 2023 technical output on renewable energy, energy storage, and green hydrogen in line with UN SdG commitments

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 85-88页

作者： Silva, S. K. B. d. Piyumali, K. G. d. Perera, Rasitha Thilini Suranjana Kaluarachchi, K. d. K. G. Munagamage, Thilini Ahammed, R. M. R. Piyankarage, C. S. P. Shahmy, Seyed Karunaratne, Veranja Natl Sci & Technol Commiss Sri Lanka Colombo Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Technol Campus Padukka 10500 Sri Lanka Univ Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka

The development, production and utilization of renewable energy, energy storage and green hydrogen and the associated technologies in Sri Lanka have great potential to contribute to the United Nations' Sustainable development Goals (SdGs). The island aims to achieve 70% electricity generation from renewable energy sources by 2030 (within the target of 40% utilization of renewable energy sources for the entire energy generation of the country by 2030). The power sector has to invest US$11 billion from 2023 to 2030 to contribute to reaching this target. This commentary aims to provide a critical perspective on the recommendations of the report from the National Science and Technology Commission's 9th biennial conference in 2023 on science and technology, the sub-thematic technical report on clean energy, energy storage and green hydrogen in line with the SdGs in the Sri Lankan context. The technical report provides insightful recommendations for Sri Lanka's energy sector under three main sections: renewable energy, energy storage and green hydrogen. Also, it explores the potential of various renewable energy sources, energy storage systems and green hydrogen as sustainable solutions to address the country's energy challenges while emphasizing the spillover effects of them, which could contribute to the enterprise's job creation and uplift the economy. This commentary provides a critical perspective on clean energy, energy storage and green hydrogen in line with the United Nations SdGs in the Sri Lankan context based on a recent report from the National Science and Technology Commission of Sri Lanka. Graphical Abstract

关键词： renewable energy energy storage green hydrogen sustainable development goals Sri Lanka social economic environmental sustainable affordable

Remaking a connection:molecular players involved in post-injury synapse formation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1719-1720页

作者： diogo Tomé Ramiro d.Almeida iBiMEd-Institute of Biomedicine Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

Functional recovery from central nervous system(CNS)trauma depends not only on axon regeneration or compensatory sprouting of uninjured fibers but also on the ability of newly grown axons to establish functional synapses with appropriate *** several studies have successfully promoted long-distance axonal regeneration in distinct CNS injury models,none of them have resulted in a viable therapeutic approach for patient recovery.A possible reason may be the lack of new synaptogenesis for reestablishing the circuitry lost after ***,we discuss how our understanding of the mechanisms that instruct synapse formation in the injured nervous system may contribute to the design of new strategies to promote functional restoration in traumatic CNS disorders.

关键词： viable injury instru

Effect of Moringa oleifera on semen quality profiles in endangered Teressa goat under tropical humid island ecosystem

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第2期13卷 89-96页

作者： P.Perumal Jai Sunder A.K.de A.K.Nahak d.K.Chaurasia T.C.Balamurugan d.Bhattacharya ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute Port Blair-744105Andaman and Nicobar IslandsIndia OUAT-College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Bhubaneswar-751003OdishaIndia TANUVAS-Veterinary College and Research Institute Salem-636112Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To investigate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on semen quality parameters in Teressa goat ***:A total of 25 semen samples from six bucks were selected for the *** of 150×10^(6) were incubated in 0,300,500 and 700μg of leaf extract as groupⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,*** stored semen samples were analysed for motility,viability,total sperm abnormalities,plasma membrane,acrosomal and nuclear integrities,seminal plasma intracellular enzymes[aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and lactate dehydrogenase(LdH)]and total antioxidant capacity(TAC)and spermatozoa malondialdehyde(MdA)and cholesterol efflux in comparison with the control group(groupⅠ)for up to 72 ***:Moringa oleifera leaf extract(500μg/150×10^(6) spermatozoa)-treated semen had significantly higher motility,viability,plasma membrane,acrosomal and nuclear integrities,and TAC(Pd had significantly lower total sperm abnormalities,AST,ALT,LdH,MdA production and cholesterol efflux compared to those in other Moringa oleifera leaf extract treated(300 or 700μg/150×10^(6) spermatozoa)and control groups at different hours of liquid storage(Pd TAC showed an increasing trend and total sperm abnormalities,MdA production,leakage of intra-cellular enzymes and cholesterol efflux showed a decreasing trend from group Ⅰto group Ⅲand then an opposite trend from group Ⅲ to group Ⅳ at different hours of liquid ***:Moringa oleifera leaf extract 500μg/150×10^(6) spermatozoa can be used for liquid semen preservation in Teressa goat at Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

关键词： Moringa oleifera Semen Teressa goat Andaman and Nicobar Islands

determining minimum sample size for the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling algorithm

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 530-539页

作者： daniel d.SAURETTE Asim BISWAS Richard J.HECK Adam W.GILLESPIE Aaron A.BERG School of Environmental Sciences University of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada) Ontario Ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs1 Stone Rd WestGuelph ON N1G 2Y4(Canada) Geography Environment&GeomaticsUniversity of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada)

In digital soil mapping(dSM),a fundamental assumption is that the spatial variability of the target variable can be explained by the predictors or environmental *** to adequately sample the predictors have been well documented,with the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling(cLHS)algorithm receiving the most attention in the dSM *** advances in sampling design,a critical gap remains in determining the number of samples required for dSM *** propose a simple workflow and function coded in R language to determine the minimum sample size for the cLHS algorithm based on histograms of the predictor variables using the Freedman-diaconis rule for determining optimal bin *** preprocessing was included to correct for multimodal and non-normally distributed data,as these can affect sample size determination from the *** on a user-selected quantile range(QR)for the sample plan,the densities of the histogram bins at the upper and lower bounds of the QR were used as a scaling factor to determine minimum sample *** technique was applied to a field-scale set of environmental covariates for a well-sampled agricultural study site near Guelph,Ontario,Canada,and tested across a range of *** results showed increasing minimum sample size with an increase in the QR *** sample size increased from 44 to 83 when the QR increased from 50% to 95% and then increased exponentially to 194 for the 99%*** technique provides an estimate of minimum sample size that can be used as an input to the cLHS algorithm.

关键词： bin width digital soil mapping normal distribution quantile range sampling design

Enhanced asphalt dynamic modulus prediction: A detailed analysis of artificial hummingbird algorithm-optimised boosted trees

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第2期4卷 224-233页

作者： Ikenna d.Uwanuakwa Ilham Yahya Amir Lyce Ndolo Umba department of Civil Engineering Near East UniversityMersin 10Turkey Faculty of Sciences University of LubumbashiLubumbashiThe Democratic Republic of Congo

This study introduces and evaluates a novel artificial hummingbird algorithm-optimised boosted tree(AHAboosted)model for predicting the dynamic modulus(E*)of hot mix asphalt *** a substantial dataset from NCHRP Report-547,the model was trained and rigorously *** metrics,specifically RMSE,MAE,and R2,were employed to assess the model's predictive accuracy,robustness,and *** benchmarked against well-established models like support vector machines(SVM)and gaussian process regression(GPR),the AHA-boosted model demonstrated enhanced *** achieved R2 values of 0.997 in training and 0.974 in testing,using the traditional Witczak NCHRP 1-40d model *** features such as test temperature,frequency,and asphalt content led to a 1.23%increase in the test R2,signifying an improvement in the model's *** study also explored feature importance and sensitivity through SHAP and permutation importance plots,highlighting binder complex modulus|G*|as a key *** the AHA-boosted model shows promise,a slight decrease in R2 from training to testing indicates a need for further ***,this study confirms the AHA-boosted model as a highly accurate and robust tool for predicting the dynamic modulus of hot mix asphalt concrete,making it a valuable asset for pavement engineering.

关键词： Asphalt dynamic modulus Prediction Artificial hummingbird algorithm Boosted tree