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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 35-46页

作者： Henglai Wei Hui Zhang Kamal AI-haddad Yang Shi Department of Mechanical Engineering University of VictoriaVictoriaBC V8W 3P6Canada School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China École de Technologie Supérieure University of QuebecMontrealQC H3C 1K3Canada

This study investigates resilient platoon control for constrained intelligent and connected vehicles(ICVs)against F-local Byzantine *** introduce a resilient distributed model-predictive platooning control framework for such *** framework seamlessly integrates the predesigned optimal control with distributed model predictive control(DMPC)optimization and introduces a unique distributed attack detector to ensure the reliability of the transmitted information among ***,our strategy uses previously broadcasted information and a specialized convex set,termed the“resilience set”,to identify unreliable *** approach significantly eases graph robustness prerequisites,requiring only an(F+1)-robust graph,in contrast to the established mean sequence reduced algorithms,which require a minimum(2F+1)-robust ***,we introduce a verification algorithm to restore trust in vehicles under minor attacks,further reducing communication network *** analysis demonstrates the recursive feasibility of the DMPC ***,the proposed method achieves exceptional control performance by minimizing the discrepancies between the DMPC control inputs and predesigned platoon control inputs,while ensuring constraint compliance and *** results verify the effectiveness of our theoretical findings.

关键词： Model predictive control Resilient control Platoon control Intelligent and connected vehicle Byzantine attacks

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The use of green infrastructure and irrigation in the mitigation of urban heat in a desert city

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Building Simulation 2024年第5期17卷 679-694页

作者： Kai Gao Shamila haddad Riccardo Paolini Jie Feng Muzahim Altheeb Abdulrahman Al Mogirah Abdullatif Bin Moammar Mattheos Santamouris School of Built Environment Faculty of ArtsDesign and ArchitectureUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Royal Commission of Riyadh City RiyadhSaudi Arabia Institute of Future Cities Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Severe urban heat,a prevalent climate change consequence,endangers city residents ***-based mitigation strategies are commonly employed to address this ***,the Middle East and North Africa are under investigated in terms of heat mitigation,despite being one of the regions most vulnerable to climate *** study assesses the feasibility and climatic implications of wide-scale implementation of green infrastructure(GI)for heat mitigation in Riyadh,Saudi Arabia—a representative desert city characterized by low vegetation coverage,severe summer heat,and *** research forecasting model(WRF)is used to simulate GI cooling measures in Riyadh’s summer condition,including measures of increasing vegetation coverage up to 60%,considering irrigation and vegetation types(tall/short).In Riyadh,without irrigation,increasing GI fails to cool the city and can even lead to warming(0.1 to 0.3℃).Despite irrigation,Riyadh’s overall GI cooling effect is 50% lower than GI cooling expectations based on literature meta-analyses,in terms of average peak hour temperature *** study highlights that increased irrigation substantially raises the rate of direct soil evaporation,reducing the proportion of irrigation water used for transpiration and thus diminishing ***,water resource management must be tailored to these specific considerations.

关键词： green infrastructure evapotranspiration cooling desert city irrigation urban overheating

Chronic permanent hypoxemia predisposes to mild elevation of liver stiffness

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第30期20卷 10564-10569页

作者： Mohamed Tahiri Abdenasser Drighil Yasmine Jalal Dounia Ghellab Wafaa Hliwa haddad fouad Wafaa Badre Ahmad Bellabah Rachida Habbal Rhimou Alaoui Department of Gastroenterology Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center of CasablancaCasablanca 20170Morocco Department of Cardiology Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center of CasablancaCasablanca 20170Morocco

AIM:To evaluate the impact of long term permanent hypoxemia noticed in patients with non operated congenital cyanogenic cyanotic cardiopathy on liver ***:We included ten adult patients with non operated inoperate cyanotic cardiopathy and ten matched patients for age and gender admitted to the gastroenterology department for proctologic diseases;Clinical and laboratory data were collected[age,gender,body mass index,oxygen saturation,glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT),glutamate pyruvate transaminase(GPT),glycemia and cholesterol].Measurement of hepatic stiffness by transient elastography was carried out in all patients using the Fibroscan *** patients underwent an echocardiography to eliminate congestive heart ***:Among the patients with cyanotic cardiopathy,median liver stiffness 5.9±1.3 kPa was greater than control group(4.7±0.4 kPa)(P=0.008).Median levels of GOT,GPT,gamma-glutamyltransferase,glycemia and cholesterol were comparable in cardiopathy and control *** regression analysis including age,gender,body mass index,oxygen saturation,GOT,GPT,glycemia,cholesterol showed that only oxygen saturation was related to liver stiffness(r=-0.63 P=0.002).CONCLUSION:Chronic permanent hypoxemia can induce mild increase of liver stiffness,but further studies are needed to explore the histological aspects of liver injury induced by chronic permanent hypoxemia.

关键词： Liver Cardiopathy Hypoxemia Stiffness Cyanotic

Uncovering the dominant contribution of intermediate volatility compounds in secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass-burning emissions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zhang David M.Bell Tiantian Wang Houssni Lamkaddam Tianqu Cui Lu Qi Mihnea Surdu Dongyu Wang Lin Du Imad El haddad Jay G.Slowik Andre S.H.Prevot Environment Research Institute Shandong University Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols(SOAs). Previous smog chamber studies found that the SOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds(VOCs). While intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs) are efficient SOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, their contribution to SOA formation has not been directly observed. Here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study SOA formation from wood burning, we find that IVOCs can contribute ～70% of the formed SOA, i.e.>2 times more than VOCs. This previously missing SOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in smog chambers. The finding in this study reveals that SOA production from biomass burning is much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for more research on the IVOCs from biomass burning and potentially other emission sources.

关键词： atmospheric chemistry biomass burning secondary organic aerosol intermediate volatility organic compounds

Risk factors for liver fibrosis among human immunodeficiency virus monoinfected patients using the FIB4 index in Morocco

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World Journal of Hepatology 2013年第10期5卷 584-588页

作者： Mohamed Tahiri Mustapha Sodqi Fatima Ez Zahra Lahdami Latifa Marih Hassan Lamdini Wafaa Hliwa Ahd Oulad Lahcen Wafaa Badre fouad haddad Abdelfetah Chakib Ahmed Bellabah Rhimou Alaoui Kamal Marhoum El Filali Department of Hepato-Gastro-Enterology Ibn Rochd Hospital University Center Department of Infectious Diseases Ibn Rochd Hospital University Center

AIM: To study the prevalence and risk factors of significant hepatic fibrosis in Moroccan human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) monoinfected ***: We conducted a cross-sectional study among HIV monoinfected patients(negative for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C antibody). Clinical and laboratory data were collected from the data base of the Infectious Diseases Unit in Ibn Rochd Hospital Center [age, gender, duration of HIV infection, CD4 T lymphocyte count, HIV viral load, glycemia and current or prior use of antiretroviral and antiretroviral therapy(ART) duration]. The primary outcome was a FIB4score > 1.45. Multivariable logistic regression identifiedindependent risk factors for FIB4 > ***: A FIB4 score > 1.45 was identified in 96among 619(15.5%). HIV monoinfected patients followed up between September 1990 and September2012. Multivariate analysis showed that only a viral load > 75(OR = 2.23, 95%CI: 1.36-3.67), CD4 > 200cells/mm3(OR = 0.39, 95%CI: 0.21-0.72) and age at FIB4 index calculation(OR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.07-1.13)were independently associated with the occurrence of FIB4 index(> 1.45). Gender, duration of HIV infection,glycemia, use of antiretroviral therapy and ART duration were not associated with significant fibrosis by ***: FIB4 score > 1.45 was found in 15.5%of Moroccan HIV monoinfected patients. Age, HIV viremia > 75 copies/mL and CD4 count > 200 cells/mm3are associated with liver fibrosis. Further studies are needed to explore mechanisms for fibrosis in HIV monoinfected patients.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus FIB4 Liver Monoinfected Risk factors

Shaking table tests on the liquefaction-induced uplift displacement of circular tunnel structure

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Underground Space 2023年第3期10卷 182-198页

作者： Saber Nokande Yaser Jafarian Abdolhosein haddad Department of Civil Engineering Semnan UniversitySemnan 35131-19111Iran International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology(IIEES) Tehran 19537-14453Iran Deltares Boussinesqweg 1DelftSouth Hollands 2629 HVNetherlands

Underground structures are susceptible to float and move upward during earthquakes when located in a liquefiable soil *** are examples of this phenomenon in past major earthquake *** this study,the uplift of circular tunnels in a liquefiable sand layer was investigated with a series of shaking table *** research has focused on the buried depth of the tunnel,tunnel diameter,tunnel weight,liquefaction extent,uplift mechanism,and factor of safety against liquefaction-induced *** to the test results,the shallow buried depth,larger diameter,and lower weight can intensify the tunnel uplift,so the displacement in post-liquefaction time continues at the same rate as during the shaking *** to the shear-induced dilation,pore water pressure generation around the tunnel was reduced compared with that of the free *** excess pore water pressure dissipation in the soil overlying the uplifted tun-nel was significant,which leads to suction in the soil ***,the acceleration response of overlying soil with the uplifted tunnel was similar to that of the free ***,the soil acceleration response around the tunnel without uplift was similar to the base motion.

关键词： Liquefaction Tunnel uplift Underground structures Shaking table test Circular tunnel

A review of fluid displacement mechanisms in surfactant-based chemical enhanced oil recovery processes:Analyses of key influencing factors

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Petroleum Science 2022年第3期19卷 1211-1235页

作者： Ahmed Bashir Amin Sharifi haddad Roozbeh Rafati School of Engineering Kings CollegeUniversity of AberdeenAB243UEUK

Surfactant-based oil recovery processes are employed to lower the interfacial tension in immiscible displacement processes,change the wettability of rock to a more water-wet system and emulsify the oil to displace it in subsurface porous ***,these phenomena can reduce the capillary pressure and enhance spontaneous *** key factors affecting such immiscible displacement process are temperature,salinity and p H of the fluids,surfactant concentration and ***,before any surfactant flooding process is applied,extensive studies of fluid-fluid and rock-fluid interactions are *** use of other chemicals along with surfactants in chemical enhanced oil recovery(c EOR)processes have been widely considered to exploit the synergy of individual chemicals and complement the weakness arises from each of them during immiscible displacement of fluids in porous ***,such combinations of chemicals lead to alkaline-surfactant(AS),surfactantpolymer(SP),alkaline-surfactant-polymer(ASP),and nanoparticle-surfactant(NS)flooding processes,among *** this review study,we categorised the role and displacement mechanisms of surfactants and discussed the key factors to be considered for analysing the fluid displacement in porous media.

关键词： Alkaline surfactant(AS)flooding Alkaline-surfactant-polymer(ASP)flooding Enhanced oil recovery(EOR) Interfacial tension(IFT) Nanoparticle-surfactant(NS)flooding Surfactant adsorption Surfactant-polymer(SP)flooding Wettability alteration

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Remimazolam for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 385-395页

作者： Dushyant Singh Dahiya Ganesh Kumar Syeda Parsa Manesh Kumar Gangwani Hassam Ali Amir Humza Sohail Saqr Alsakarneh Umar Hayat Sheza Malik Yash R Shah Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Sahib Singh Islam Mohamed Adishwar Rao Saurabh Chandan Mohammad Al-haddad Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityMO 66160United States Department of Internal Medicine Chandka Medical CollegeSindh 77280Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Arkansas For Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionEast Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64108United States Department of Internal Medicine Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes BarrePA 18711United States Department of Internal Medicine Rochester General HospitalRochesterNY 14621United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine Sinai hospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Department of Hepatology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211United States Department of Internal Medicine Guthrie Robert Packer HospitalSayrePA 18840United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

Worldwide,a majority of routine endoscopic procedures are performed under some form of sedation to maximize patient ***,benzodiazepines and opioids continue to be widely ***,in recent years,Remimazolam is gaining immense popularity for procedural sedation in gastrointestinal(GI)*** is an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine sedative which was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in July 2020 for use in procedural *** has shown a favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile in terms of its non-specific metabolism by tissue esterase,volume of distribution,total body clearance,and negligible drug-drug *** also has satisfactory efficacy and has achieved high rates of successful sedation in GI ***,studies have demonstrated that the efficacy of Remimazolam is non-inferior to Propofol,which is currently a gold standard for procedural sedation in most parts of the ***,the use of Propofol is associated with hemodynamic instability and respiratory *** contrast,Remimazolam has lower incidence of these adverse effects intra-procedurally and hence,may provide a safer alternative to Propofol in procedural *** this comprehensive narrative review,highlight the pharmacologic characteristics,efficacy,and safety of Remimazolam for procedural *** also discuss the potential of Remimazolam as a suitable alternative and how it can shape the future of procedural sedation in gastroenterology.

关键词： Remimazolam Endoscopy Sedation Outcomes Efficacy Safety Pharmacokinetics

Assessment of knowledge, perception, and practice patterns of Jordanian optometrists during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional online survey

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第11期15卷 1729-1735页

作者： Mera F.haddad Yousef Khader Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Department of Allied Medical SciencesJordan University of Scienceand TechnologyIrbid 22110Jordan Faculty of Medicine Department of Public HealthJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid 22110Jordan

AIM: To investigate knowledge, risk perception, and attitude towards corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) and infection control measures among optometrists in ***: A cross-sectional survey was distributed through social media platforms to optometrists registered with the Jordanian syndicate and Jordanian association of optics. Information on participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of clinical features of COVID-19, risk assessment and infection control measures for preventing disease transmission were collected. RESULTS: A total of 135 optometrists(80 females and 55 males) with a mean age of 32±10y responded to the survey. Most optometrists were aware of COVID-19 symptoms, modes of transmission and measures for preventing COVID-19 and transmission in the ophthalmic setup. However, more than half of the optometrists did not receive any training about protection or infection control by their employers at their work place. Social media was the most common source of information on COVID-19(76%). Most optometrists(85.2%) thought that the virus could be detected in tears, and 45.9% thought that red eye is a symptom of ***: Optometrists in Jordan are aware of the clinical features and preventive measures related to COVID-19 infection. However, training on infection control is lacking and needs to be improved. Guidelines by international professional optometric associations should be promoted through regional and national associations to all registered optometrists and access to peer review. Journals should be encouraged to ensure that the knowledge about the pandemic is up to date and accurate.

关键词： knowledge perceptions practice optometrists COVID-19 Jordan

Prevalence of enteric pathogen-associated community gastroenteritis among kindergarten children in Gaza

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2015年第1期29卷 61-68页

作者： Nahed Al Laham Mansour Elyazji Rohaifa Al-haddad fouad Ridwan Department of Laboratory Medicine Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesAl Azhar University-Gaza Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceAl Aqsa University-Gaza Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceAl Azhar University-Gaza

Gastroenteritis is considered as one of the leading causes of illness and death in children under 5 years age, especially in developing countries. It is one of the major public health problems among childhood in Gaza strip, Palestine. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of enteric pathogen-associated community gastro- enteritis among kindergarten children in Gaza. A total of 150 stool samples were collected and investigated for parasitic, viral and bacterial pathogens at Al Azhar microbiology laboratories by using standard microbiological and serological procedures. Out of the 150 study samples, the overall percentage of positive stool samples with a known enteric pathogen was 60.6%. The prevalence of different enteric pathogens causing community gastroenteritis among symptomatic cases （88.5%） was significantly higher than the prevalence in asymptomatic carriage （11.1%）. The most prevalent isolated enteric pathogens were Entamoeba histolytica （28.0%） and Giardia lamblia （26.7%）. Rotavirus was found in 3.1% of symptomatic cases but not detected in asymptomatic carriage. However, adenovirus type 40 and 41 were not detected in any of the study samples. The bacterial enteric pathogens Shigella and Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157：H7 （EHEC） have comparable occurrence as rotavirus （3.1%）, meanwhile, Salmonella was not isolated. Mixed infection with more than 1 pathogen was found （11.4%） only among symptomatic cases. Children aged 3-year-old showed the highest prevalence of community gastroenteritis. This study demonstrates a high prevalence of parasitic enteropathogens and a relatively low prevalence of bacterial and viral enteropathogens among kindergarten children living in Gaza city, moreover, children aged 3 years old showed the highest prevalence of isolated enteropathogens.

关键词： community gastroenteritis enteropathogens Gaza kindergarten

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