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第一贷款人(Lender of First Resort,LFR)

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西安金融 2007年第5期 7-16页

作者： daniel cohen Richard Portes 孙天琦（译）杨岚（译）李培培（译）不详山东大学经济研究中心硕士生

利率(国家间的利差)如果上升,债务就会依据经济基本面的情况,自发产生滚雪球效应。这是市场的一个不完美之处,因为我们不能确保市场自身会远离“差的”均衡而达到“好的”均衡。我们提出了一个政策干预机制来解决国际间资本流动的结构... 详细信息

利率(国家间的利差)如果上升,债务就会依据经济基本面的情况,自发产生滚雪球效应。这是市场的一个不完美之处,因为我们不能确保市场自身会远离“差的”均衡而达到“好的”均衡。我们提出了一个政策干预机制来解决国际间资本流动的结构性弱点。这个政策干预机制的基础是一个简单的分类,它把危机的根源分为三种:信心(利差和货币危机)、基本面(实际增长率)和经济政策(初始赤字)。然后,从理论上提出了“第一贷款人”(lender of first resort,以下简称LFR)适用的一些环境。本文提出的政策机制希望通过IMF的一些支持来增强事前激励,从而化解避免危机。本文还介绍了“集体行动条款”(collective action clauses---CACs)在减少自我实现性债务危机(self-fullfilling debtcrises,文中有时也翻译为自发性债务危机)中的潜在作用。

关键词：市场纪律主权债务国家间利差金融危机

下方玻璃体腔注射后眼内炎高发病率研究（英文）

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国际眼科杂志 2015年第5期15卷 750-754页

作者： Gowtham Jonna daniel B. Roth Howard F. Fine H. Matthew Wheatley Jonathan L. Prenner Arvin Kheterpal Suzanne cohen William J. Feuer 罗格斯大学Robert Wood Johnson医学院眼科美国新泽西州08901 迈阿密大学Miller医学院、Bascom Palmer眼科研究所美国佛罗里达州

目的:探讨下方玻璃体腔注射比上方注射出现注射后眼内炎的几率是否更高。下方小梁切除术滤过泡眼内炎的发病率高于上方小梁切除术滤过泡,有可能是因为细菌聚集在下方的泪湖。方法:经过广泛实践过的眼内炎病例数据库验证,发现在2a的研究... 详细信息

目的:探讨下方玻璃体腔注射比上方注射出现注射后眼内炎的几率是否更高。下方小梁切除术滤过泡眼内炎的发病率高于上方小梁切除术滤过泡,有可能是因为细菌聚集在下方的泪湖。方法:经过广泛实践过的眼内炎病例数据库验证,发现在2a的研究期间内,有5例眼内炎病例。同时,为了评估注射部位对发病率的影响,对治疗过的909例1 121眼共计8672次注射进行了回顾性调查。结果:5眼出现感染性眼内炎,80%的眼内炎病例均是下方注射,尽管所选病例中84.6%是位于上方注射。与感染有关的下方注射部位的危险比是(OR)22.1(P=0.006)。结论:玻璃体腔注射后感染眼内炎的几率很小,仅为0.025%。避免在偏下象限进行玻璃体腔注射可能会进一步减小眼内炎的发病率。

关键词：玻璃体内注射部位抗血管生长因子疗法眼内炎

Stem cell treatment and cerebral palsy: Systemic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2019年第10期11卷 891-903页

作者： Simone Eggenberger Céline Boucard Andreina Schoeberlein Raphael Guzman Andreas Limacher daniel Surbek Martin Mueller Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology InselspitalUniversity Hospital BernBern 3010Switzerland Department for BioMedical Research University of BernBern 3008Switzerland Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital of BaselBasel 4056Switzerland CTU Bern University of BernBern 3012Switzerland

BACKGROUND Perinatal complications may result in life-long morbidities,among which cerebral palsy(CP)is the most severe motor *** developed,CP is a nonprogressive disease with a prevalence of 1-2 per 1000 live births in developed *** demands an extensive and multidisciplinary ***,it is a challenge for our health system and a burden for patients and their ***,stem cell therapy emerged as a promising treatment option and raised hope in patients and their *** The aim is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stem cell treatment in children with CP using a systematic review and meta-analysis METHODS We performed a systematic literature search on PubMed and EMBASE to find randomized controlled clinical trials(RCT)investigating the effect of stem cell transplantation in children with *** the review,we performed a randomeffects meta-analysis focusing on the change in gross motor function,which was quantified using the gross motor function *** calculated the pooled standardized mean differences of the 6-and/or 12-mo-outcome by the method of *** quantified the heterogeneity using the I-squared *** We identified a total of 8 RCT for a qualitative *** the initially selected trials,5 met the criteria and were included in the ***’population ranged from 0.5 up to 35 years(n=282).We detected a significant improvement in the gross motor function with a pooled standard mean difference of 0.95(95%confidence interval:0.13-1.76)favoring the stem cell group and a high heterogeneity(I2=90.1%).Serious adverse events were rare and equally distributed among both intervention and control *** Stem cell therapy for CP compared with symptomatic standard care only,shows a significant positive effect on the gross motor function,although the magnitude of the improvement is ***-term safety is present and further highquality RCTs are needed.

关键词： Cerebral palsy Perinatal brain injury Stem cells Umbilical cord blood Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells Gross motor function Meta-analysis

Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst with high intra-cystic carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16355-16358页

作者： Ziv Ben Ari Oranit cohen-Ezra Jonathan Weidenfeld Tania Bradichevsky Ella Weitzman Uri Rimon Yael Inbar Michal Amitai Barak Bar-Zachai Roni Eshkenazy Arie Ariche daniel Azoulay Liver Disease Center Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University52621 Tel AvivIsrael Department of Pathology Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University52621 Tel AvivIsrael Department of Radiology Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University52621 Tel AvivIsrael Depatrment of Hepatobiliary Surgery Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University52621 Tel AvivIsrael

A ciliated hepatic foregut cyst(CHFC)is a rare foregut developmental malformation usually diagnosed in *** percent of reported cases of CHFC transform into squamous cell *** report the presentation,evaluation,and surgical management of a symptomatic 45-year-old male found to have a 6.2 cm *** tomography-guided fine-needle aspirationdemonstrated columnar,ciliated epithelium consistent with the histologic diagnosis of *** intracystic levels of carbohydrate antigen(CA)19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)were extremely high(978118U/m L and 973μg/L,respectively).Histologically,the wall of the cyst showed characteristic pseudopapillae lined with a ciliated stratified columnar epithelium,underlying smooth muscle,an outer fibrous layer and no *** for CA19-9 and CEA was *** is the first case report of a CHFC in which levels of CA 19-9 and CEA were *** findings suggest that a large sized multilocular cyst and elevated cyst CA19-9 and CEA levels do not exclude a CHFC from consideration in the *** should be included in the differential diagnosis of hepatic *** diagnosis of a CHFC is necessary given its potential for malignant transformation,and surgical excision is recommended.

关键词： Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst Carbohydrate antigen

Spectroscopy of individual bipolar molecular heterojunctions using scanning tunneling microscopy

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Spectroscopy of individual bipolar molecular heterojunctions...

以父母为目标的家庭干预增加儿童水果和蔬菜摄入量:系统综述和meta分析

第18届国际真空大会

作者： Ryan Yamachika daniel Wegner Yasaman Bahri Georgy Samsonidze Marvin L. cohen Steven G. Louie T. Don Tilley Rachel A. Segalman Michael F. Crommie Department of Physics University of California at BerkeleyMaterials Science DivisionLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Chemical Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering University of California at Berkeley Department of ChemistryUniversity of California at Berkeley

Bipolar molecules incorporating donor and acceptor components within a single molecule provide new device opportunities due to their intrinsic behavior as nanoscale p-n heterojunctions. The suitability of such molecules for photovoltaic applications depends on many factors, including the energy and spatial distribution of molecular orbitals, the influence of environment, how the molecules are assembled, and optical excitation response. Here we report a direct characterization of the local electronic structure of the bipolar molecule bithiophene naphthalene diimide （BND）. Using scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we were able to study the internal electronic structure of individual BND molecules on a thin insulating layer of NaCl. We find that BND molecules exhibit type II heterojunction behavior with orbital energy shifts occurring over subnanometer intramolecular interface distances. At higher coverage on metal substrates BND molecules with different bridge structures self-assemble into 1-d molecular chains. Our experimental results can be understood through the use of first-principle theoretical modeling, and provide new insights into how these molecular systems might be optimized.

关键词：

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以父母为目标的家庭干预增加儿童水果和蔬菜摄入量:系统综述和met...

Sleep disorders and chronic kidney disease

作者： Lauren M.Touyz Claire E.Wakefield Allison M.Grech Veronica F.Quinn daniel S.J.Costa Fang Fang Zhang Richard J.Cohn Mona Sajeev Jennifer cohen 张晓帆新南威尔士大学妇女和儿童健康学院儿科悉尼儿童医院儿童癌症中心悉尼大学医学院塔夫斯大学弗里德曼营养科学与政策学院营养科学系悉尼儿童医院营养与饮食学系

背景:在家庭中进行父母干预是改善儿童膳食妁一种有效方法。目的:本综述旨在评估以父母为目标的家庭干预增加儿童水果和蔬菜(FV)摄入量的有效性。数据来源:本研究搜索了5个电子数据库:MEDLINE,Embase,PubMed,CINAHL和PsycINFO。研究选择... 详细信息

背景:在家庭中进行父母干预是改善儿童膳食妁一种有效方法。目的:本综述旨在评估以父母为目标的家庭干预增加儿童水果和蔬菜(FV)摄入量的有效性。数据来源:本研究搜索了5个电子数据库:MEDLINE,Embase,PubMed,CINAHL和PsycINFO。研究选择:选择2000至2016年间以英文发表的在2岁～12岁儿童中进行的随机或非随机试验。数据提取:对18篇文献进行综述,对12个随机试验进行分析。以研究结果和干预类型为核心进行分析,产生3个独立的meta分析结果。结果:营养教育干预对增加儿童水果摄入量具有正性但较小的效果(Hedges’g=0.112;P=0.028)。味觉暴露干预对增加儿童蔬菜摄入量具有中等正性效果(Hedges’g=0.438;P<0.001)。每天或每周进行干预与每月干预相比,更多得报告出阳性结果。结论:未来的干预应该采取有规律的味觉暴露来最大限度地增加儿童蔬菜的摄入量。这一点尤为重要,因为与水果相比,达到国家蔬菜推荐摄入量的儿童更少。

关键词：儿童水果家庭父母蔬菜

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World Journal of Nephrology 2016年第3期5卷 224-232页

作者： Stephanie C Maung Ammar El Sara Cherylle Chapman danielle cohen daniel Cukor Department of Psychiatry SUNY Downstate Medical CenterBrooklynNY 11203United States City University of New York Queens College QueensNY 11367United States

Sleep disorders have a profound and well-documented impact on overall health and quality of life in the general population. In patients with chronic disease, sleep disorders are more prevalent, with an additional morbidity and mortality burden. The complex and dynamic relationship between sleep disorders and chronic kidney disease(CKD) remain relatively little investigated. This article presents an overview of sleep disorders in patients with CKD, with emphasis on relevant pathophysiologic underpinnings and clinical presentations. Evidence-based interventions will be discussed, in the context of individual sleep disorders, namely sleep apnea, insomnia, restless leg syndrome and excessive daytime sleepiness. Limitations of the current knowledge as well as future research directions will be highlighted, with a final discussion of different conceptual frameworks of the relationship between sleep disorders and CKD.

关键词：睡眠障碍肾病治疗方法临床分析

miRNA在儿童持续性脑震荡后综合征唾液中的表达(摘译)

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伤害医学（电子版） 2023年第2期12卷 7-11页

作者：陈月亮宋子翊周家俊(译) 杨静珍李丽萍(审校) Katherine E.Miller James P.MacDonald Lindsay Sullivan Lakshmi Prakruthi Rao Venkata Junxin Shi Keith Owen Yeates Su Chen Enas Alshaikh H.Gerry Taylor Amanda Hautmann Nicole Asa daniel M.cohen Thomas L.Pommering Elaine R.Mardis Jingzhen Yang the NCH Concussion Research Group 汕头大学公共卫生学院汕头515041 汕头大学医学院伤害预防研究中心汕头515041 美国俄亥俄州立医学院哥伦布43055 不详

在美国,每年有高达两百万的儿童受脑震荡影响,约1/3会发展为持续性脑震荡后综合征(persistent post-concussion syndrome,PPCS),影响时长达数月。相较于未发生PPCS的儿童,该群体更有可能缺课、情绪低落、缺乏社交以及拥有低生活质量。... 详细信息

在美国,每年有高达两百万的儿童受脑震荡影响,约1/3会发展为持续性脑震荡后综合征(persistent post-concussion syndrome,PPCS),影响时长达数月。相较于未发生PPCS的儿童,该群体更有可能缺课、情绪低落、缺乏社交以及拥有低生活质量。目前预测PPCS风险主要依赖于患者报告的症状和临床体征。

关键词：脑震荡后综合征临床体征持续性 PPC 缺课情绪低落

Subclinical proximal tubulopathy in hepatitis B:The roles of nucleot(s)ide analogue treatment and the hepatitis B virus

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第12期12卷 1326-1340页

作者： Anais Brayette Marie Essig Paul Carrier Marilyne Debette-Gratien Anais Labrunie Sophie Alain Marianne Maynard Nathalie Ganne-Carrie Eric Nguyen-Khac Pauline Pinet Victor De Ledinghen Christophe Renou Philippe Mathurin Claire Vanlemmens Vincent Di Martino Anne Gervais Juliette Foucher Fouchard-Hubert Isabelle Julien Vergniol Isabelle Hourmand-Ollivier daniel cohen Xavier Duval Thierry Poynard Marc Bardou Armand Abergel Manh-Thong Dao Thierry Thevenot Jean-Baptiste Hiriart Valerie Canva Guillaume Lassailly Christine Aurières Nathalie Boyer Dominique Thabut Pierre-Henri Bernard Matthieu Schnee Dominique Larrey Bertrand Hanslik Severine Hommel Jeremie Jacques Veronique Loustaud-Ratti U1248 INSERM Department of Hepatology and GastroenterologyUniv.LimogesCHU LimogesLimoges F-87000France U1248 INSERM Department of Nephrology and TransplantationCHU LimogesLimoges F-87000France Department of Center of Epidemiology Biostatistics and Research MethodologyCHU LimogesLimoges F-87000France U1092 INSERM Department of VirologyCHU LimogesLimoges F-87000France Department of Hepatology Croix-Rousse University Hospital of LyonLyon 69004France Department of Hepatology Jean Verdier University Hospital of BondyBondy 93140France Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology Amiens University HospitalAmiens 80054France Department of Infectious Diseases CHU LimogesLimoges F-87000France Department of Hepatology Haut Leveque HospitalBordeaux University HospitalPessac 33604France Department of Gastroenterology Hyeres HospitalHyeres 83407France Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology Claude Huriez University HospitalLille 59037France Department of Hepatology Jean Minjoz University HospitalBesançon 25030France Department of Infectious Diseases Bichat University HospitalParis 75018France Department of Hepatology University Hospital of AngersAngers 49933France Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition University Hospital of CaenCaen 14033France Department of General Medecine University Hospital of CaenCaen 14000France Department of Hepatology La Pitié-Salpêtrière University HospitalParis 75651France Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Dijon University HospitalDijon 21079France Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Estaing University HospitalClermont Ferrand 63003France Department of Hepatology Beaujon University HospitalClichy 92110France Department of Hepatology Saint-AndréUniversity HospitalBordeaux 33000France Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology La Roche-Sur-Yon Hospital CenterLa Roche-Sur-Yon 85000France Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology University Hospital of MontpellierMontpellier 34295France Department of Addictology Hospita

BACKGROUND The recommended monitoring tools for evaluating nucleot(s)ide analogue renal toxicity,such as estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)and phosphatemia,are late markers of proximal *** early markers are available,but no consensus exists on their *** To determine the 24 mo prevalence of subclinical proximal tubulopathy(SPT),as defined with early biomarkers,in treated vs untreated hepatitis B virus(HBV)-monoinfected *** A prospective,non-randomized,multicenter study of HBV-monoinfected patients with a low number of renal comorbidities was *** patients were separated into three groups:Naïve,starting entecavir(ETV)treatment,or starting tenofovir disoproxil(TDF)*** on the early markers of SPT,the eGFR and phosphatemia,were collected *** was defined as a maximal tubular reabsorption of phosphate/eGFR below 0.8 mmoL/L and/or uric acid fractional excretion above 10%.The prevalence and cumulative incidence of SPT at month 24(M24)were *** data were analyzed using analyses of variance or Kruskal-Wallis tests,whereas chi-squared or Fisher’s exact tests were used to analyze qualitative *** analyses were used to adjust for any potential confounding *** Of the 196 patients analyzed,138(84 naïve,28 starting ETV,and 26 starting TDF)had no SPT at *** M24,the prevalence of SPT was not statistically different between naïve and either treated group(21.1%vs 30.7%,P<0.42 and 50.0%vs 30.7%,P=0.32 for ETV and TDF,respectively);no patient had an eGFR lower than 50 mL/min/1.73 m²or phosphatemia less than 0.48 mmoL/*** the multivariate analysis,no explanatory variables were identified after *** cumulative incidence of SPT over 24 mo(25.5%,13.3%,and 52.9%in the naïve,ETV,and TDF groups,respectively)tended to be higher in the TDF group vs the naïve group(hazard ratio:2.283,P=0.05).SPT-free survival at M24 was 57.6%,68.8%,and 23.5%for the naïve,ETV,and TD

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Proximal tubulopathy Biomarkers Renal insufficiency Nucleoside analogues