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Kidney transplantation in obese patients

World Journal of Transplantation 2016年第1期6卷 135-143页

作者： minh-ha Tran Clarence E Foster Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh Hirohito Ichii Division of Transfusion Medicine and Apheresis Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of California Irvine School of Medicine Division of Transplantation Department of Surgery University of California Irvine School of Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of California Irvine School of Medicine

The World Health Organization estimated that in 2014, over 600 million people met criteria for obesity. In 2011, over 30% of individuals undergoing kidney transplant had a body mass index(BMI) 35 kg/m^2 or greater. A number of recent studies have confirmed the relationship between overweight/obesity and important comorbidities in kidney transplant patients. As with non-transplant surgeries, the rate of wound and soft tissue complications are increased following transplant as is the incidence of delayed graft function. These two issues appear to contribute to longer length of stay compared to normal BMI. New onset diabetes after transplant and cardiac outcomes also appear to be increased in the obese population. The impact of obesity on patient survival after kidney transplantation remains controversial, but appears to mirror the impact of extremes of BMI in non-transplant populations. Early experience with(open and laparoscopic) Rouxen-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy support excellent weight loss(in the range of 50%-60% excess weight lost at 1 year), but experts have recommended the need for further studies. Long term nutrient deficiencies remain a concern but in general, these procedures do not appear to adversely impact absorption of immunosuppressive medications. In this study, we review the literature to arrive at a better understanding of the risks related to renal transplantation among individuals with obesity.

关键词： Body mass index Overweight Obese Kidney transplant Transplant complications Transplant outcomes Patient survival Graft survival

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learning models for endoscopic ultrasonography in gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第17期21卷 5176-5182页

作者： Gwang ha Kim Sung Jo Bang Joo ha Hwang Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University HospitalBusan 602-739South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Ulsan University Hospital University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan 682-714South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA 98104United States

Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) has become a useful diagnostic and therapeutic modality in gastrointestinal ***,EUS requires additional training since it requires simultaneous endoscopic manipulation and ultrasonographic *** adequate EUS training can be challenging since EUS is highly operator-dependent and training on actual patients can be associated with an increased risk of complications including inaccurate ***,several models have been developed to help facilitate training of *** models currently available for EUS training include computer-based simulators,phantoms,ex vivo models,and live animal *** each model has its own merits and limitations,the value of these different models is rather complementary than ***,there is a lack of objective data regarding the efficacy of each model with recommendations on the use of various training models based on expert opinion ***,objective studies evaluating the efficacy of various EUS training models on technical and clinical outcomes are still needed.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasonography Training Phantom Computer simulation Animal model

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Significance of age and comorbidity as prognostic indicators for patients with bladder cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第5期12卷 766-774页

作者： Moon Soo ha In Ho Chang Department of Urology College of Medicine Chung-Ang University Seou1140-75 7 Korea

The aim of this study was to determine the impact that age and comorbidity status have on both overall and bladder cancer-specific survival of bladder cancer patients. We obtained medical information pertaining to a population of 528 patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer from Chung-Ang University Hospital cancer registry. The Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 （ACE-27） test, which has been previously validated in adult cancer patients, was used to assess comorbidity. We evaluated differences in the demographic and clinical characteristics of included patients, as well as differences in the treatments they received after categorizing them by age. The median age at the time of bladder cancer diagnosis of the entire cohort was 63 years, and the median follow-up time was 97 months. Of the 528 patients who were included in our study, 303 had at least one comorbid condition and 249 died during the follow-up period. When patients were stratified by age, we found that older patients had a higher proportion of severe comorbidities （P 〈 0.01） than younger patients, and that a lower proportion of them underwent radical cystec- tomy for invasive bladder cancer （IBC）（P 〈 0.01）. By multivariate analysis, we found that older age was predictive of lower overall survival （OS） and bladder cancer-specific survival （BCSS） rates among patients with superficial bladder cancer （SBC） and of lower OS rates among patients with IBC. We also found that moderate-severe comorbidity status and treatment through a bladder-conserving approach were predictive of lower OS and cancer-specific survival rates among patients with IBC. The disparity between overall deaths and bladder cancer deaths was shown in SBC and increased along with age and higher comorbidity. Age and comorbidity were found to be independent predictive factors of OS and BCSS among bladder cancer patients, and explained the disparity that we observed between overall bladder cancer-specific mortality rates.

关键词： age comorbidity neoplasm prognostic indicator urinary bladder

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Bifurcation Analysis of the Voltage Controlled Photosensitive Chaotic Oscillator

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Chinese Physics letters 2013年第6期30卷 42-45页

作者： Van ha Nguyen han Jung Song Department of Nano Systems Engineering Inje UniversityGimhae 621-749Korea Center for Nano Manufacturing Inje UniversityGimhae 621-749Korea

A photosensitive chaotic oscillator which can be controlled with light illumination under various control voltage levels is *** oscillator consists of a photodiode for the light input,clock switches and capacitors for the sample and hold function,a nonlinear function that creates an adjustable chaos map,and a voltage shifter that adjusts the output voltage for *** optimizing the photodiode sub-circuit by using an available photodiode model in PC-based simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis to obtain a suitable output,the full chaotic circuit is verified with standard 0.6-μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor *** dynamics are analyzed as a function of the light intensity under different control voltage *** time series,frequency spectra,transitions in state spaces,bifurcation diagrams and the largest Lyapunov exponent are improved.

关键词： oscillator chaotic function

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Hybrid model to optimize object-based land cover classification by meta-heuristic algorithm:an example for supporting urban management in ha Noi,Viet Nam

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第10期12卷 1118-1132页

作者： Quang-Thanh Bui Manh Pham Van Nguyen Thi Thuy hang Quoc-Huy Nguyen Nguyen Xuan Linh Pham minh hai Tran Anh Tuan Pham Van Cu Center for Applied Research in Remote sensing and GIS(CARGIS) VNU University of ScienceHa NoiViet Nam VNU University of Science Ha NoiViet Nam Vietnam Institute of Geodesy and Cartography Ha NoiViet Nam Ministry of Education and Training Ha NoiViet Nam

This study proposed a novel object-based hybrid classification model named GMNN that combines Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm(GOA)and the multiple-class Neural network(MNN)for urban pattern detection in hanoi,*** bands of SPOT 7 image and derivable NDVI,NDWI were used to generate image segments with associated attributes by PCI Geomatics *** segments were classified into four urban surface types(namely water,impervious surface,vegetation and bare soil)by the proposed ***,three training and validation datasets of different sizes were used to verify the robustness of this *** all tests,the overall accuracies of the classification were approximately 87%,and the Area under Receiver Operating Characteristic curves for each land cover type was ***,the performance of this model was examined by comparing several statistical indicators with common benchmark *** results showed that GMNN out-performed established methods in all comparable *** results suggested that our hybrid model was successfully deployed in the study area and could be used as an alternative classification method for urban land cover *** a broader sense,classification methods will be enriched with the active and fast-growing contribution of metaheuristic algorithms.

关键词： Urban remote sensing object-based classification neural network grasshopper optimization algorithm

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Effect of length Scale Tuning of Background Error in WRF-3DVAR System on Assimilation of High-Resolution Surface Data for Heavy Rainfall Simulation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2012年第6期29卷 1142-1158页

作者： Ji-Hyun ha Dong-Kyou leE Atmospheric Sciences Program School of Earth and Environmental SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-747Korea

We investigated the impact of tuning the length scale of the background error covariance in the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） three-dimensional variational assimilation （3DVAR） system. In particular, we studied the effect of this parameter on the assimilation of high-resolution surface data for heavy rainfall forecasts associated with mesoscale convective systems over the Korean Peninsula. In the assimilation of high-resolution surface data, the National Meteorological Center method tended to exaggerate the length scale that determined the shape and extent to which observed information spreads out. In this study, we used the difference between observation and background data to tune the length scale in the assimilation of high-resolution surface data. The resulting assimilation clearly showed that the analysis with the tuned length scale was able to reproduce the small-scale features of the ideal field effectively. We also investigated the effect of a double-iteration method with two different length scales, representing large and small-length scales in the WRF-3DVAR. This method reflected the large and small-scale features of observed information in the model fields. The quantitative accuracy of the precipitation forecast using this double iteration with two different length scales for heavy rainfall was high; results were in good agreement with observations in terms of the maximum rainfall amount and equitable threat scores. The improved forecast in the experiment resulted from the development of well-identified mesoscale convective systems by intensified low-level winds and their consequent convergence near the rainfall area.

关键词： WRF 3DVAR tuning surface data heavy rainfall

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Endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer:It is time to consider the quality of its outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第43期29卷 5800-5803页

作者： Gwang ha Kim Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 47241South Korea

Endoscopic resection,particularly endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),is widely used as a standard treatment modality for early gastric cancer(EGC)when the risk of lymph node metastasis is *** with surgical gastrectomy,ESD is a minimally invasive procedure with additional advantages,such as preservation of the entire stomach and maintenance of the patient’s quality of ***,not all patients achieve curative resection after ESD of *** patients require surgical gastrectomy after ESD to achieve a curative *** surgery after ESD,owing to non-curative resection,places considerable emotional and financial burdens on ***,as the number of endoscopists performing ESD has increased,the rate of non-curative resection after ESD has increased *** order to decrease the non-curative resection rate,as well as determine the ideal rate of non-curative resection after ESD,it is time to consider quality indicators for the outcomes of ESD for EGC.

关键词： Early gastric cancer Endoscopic resection Quality indicator

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Tracking and Sensor Coverage of Spatio-temporal Quantities Using a Swarm of Artificial Foraging Agents

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2016年第4期13卷 679-689页

作者： John Oluwagbemiga Oyekan Dongbing Gu Huosheng ha School of Aerospace Transport and Manufacturing Cranfield University College Road Cranfield MK43 OAL UK School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of Essex Wivenhoe Park Colchester CO4 3SQ UK

Using a network of mobile sensors to track and map a dynamic spatio-temporal process in the environment is one of the current challenges in multi-agent systems. In this work, a distributed probabilistic multi-agent algorithm inspired by the bacte- rium foraging behavior is presented. The novelty of the algorithm lies in being capable of tracking and mapping a spa- tio-temporal quantity without the need of machine learning, estimation algorithms or future planning. This is unlike most current techniques that rely heavily on machine learning to estimate the distribution as well as the profile of spatio-temporal quantities. The experimental studies carried out in this work show that the algorithm works well by following the concentration gradient of a dynamic plume created under diffusive conditions. Furthermore, the algorithm is inherently capable of finding the source of a diffusive spatio-temporal quantity as well as performing environmental exploration. It is computationally tractable for simple agents, shown to adapt to its environment and can deal successfully with noise in sensor readings as well as in robot dynamics.

关键词： bioinspired algorithm artificial foraging swarm spatio-temporal mapping bacterium

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A scheme for regional rice yield estimation using ENVISAT ASAR data

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第8期52卷 1183-1194页

作者： le TOAN Thuy Centre d'Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère 18 Avenue Edouard Belin 31401 Toulouse Cedex 9 France

Information on rice growing areas and rice production is critical for most rice growing countries to make state and economic policies. However, the areas where rice crop is cultivated are often cloudy and rainy, which entails the use of radar remote sensing data for rice monitoring. In this paper, a practical scheme to integrate multi-temporal and multi-polarization ENVISAT ASAR data into rice crop model for regional rice yield estimation has been presented. To achieve this, rice distribution information should be obtained first by rice mapping method to retrieve rice fields from ASAR images, and then an assimilation method is applied to use the observed multi-temporal rice backscattering coefficients which are grouped for each rice pixel to re-initialize ORYZA2000 to predict rice yield. The assimilation method re-initializes the model with optimal input parameters, allowing a better temporal agreement between the rice backscattering coefficients retrieved from ASAR data and the rice backscattering coefficients simulated by a coupled model, i.e., the combination of ORYZA2000 and a semi-empirical rice backscatter model through LAI. The SCE-UA optimization algorithm is employed to determine the optimal set of input parameters. After the re-initialization, rice yield for each rice pixel is calculated, and the yield map over the area of interest is produced. The scheme was validated over Xinghua study area located in the middle of Jiangsu Province of China by using the data set of an experimental campaign carried out during the 2006 rice season. The result shows that the obtained rice yield map generally overestimates the actual rice production by 13% on average and with a root mean square error of approximately 1133 kg/ha on validation sites, but the tendency of rice growth status and spatial variation of the rice yield are well predicted and highly consistent with the actual production variation.

关键词： rice yield map crop model data assimilation optimization algorithm classification ASAR

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Performance of Forearm FMG for Estimating hand Gestures and Prosthetic hand Control

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第1期16卷 88-98页

作者： Nguon ha Gaminda Pankaja Withanachchi Yimesker Yihun Department of Mechanical Engineering Wichita State UniversityUSA Department of Electrical Engineering Wichita State UniversityUSA

This study is aimed at exploring the prediction of the various hand gestures based on Force Myography(FMG)signals generated through piezoelectric sensors banded around the *** the study,the muscles extension and contraction during specific movements were mapped,interpreted,and a control algorithm has been established to allow predefined grips and individual finger *** Tree learning(DTL)and Support Vector Machine(SVM)have been used for classification and model *** of these estimated models generated an averaged accuracy of more than 80.0%,for predicting grasping,pinching,left flexion,and wrist *** the classification showed a distinct feature in the signal,a real-time control system based on the threshold value has been implemented in a prosthetic *** hand motion has also been recorded through Virtual Motion Glove(VMD)to establish dynamic relationship between the FMG data and the different hand *** classification of the hand gestures based on FMG signal will provide a useful foundation for future research in the interfacing and utilization of medical devices.

关键词： Force Myography(FMG) Surface Electromyography(sEMG) prosthetic hand gesture predictions and classifications bionic robot

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