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Identification of a dual functional betulinic acid analog for the treatment of osteoarthritis by phenotypic screening

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 300-302页

作者： Ze-Min Lin Mai Xiang Wen-hui Wei Shu-hui Fan Li Chen Jie Wang Xiao-Qian Yang Chun-Hao Yang Shi-Jun He Jian-Ping Zuo Laboratory of Immunopharmacology State Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China School of Pharmacy University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Department of Medicinal ChemistryShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Experiment Center for Science and Technology Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China

Dear Editor,Phenotypic drug discovery,which observes compound effects on physiology,has given way to targeting specific molecules,but has revived by using modern methods to find drugs based on therapeutic outcomes in disease models(Vincent et al.,2022).Osteoarthritis(OA)is a prevalent chronic joint disorder,primarily affecting knee joints,with osteoclast activation due to low-grade inflammation resulting in increased bone resorption and structural changes in the joint(Katz et al.,2021).This imbalance and the discharge of inflammatory mediators perpetuate the cycle of inflammation and tissue ***,controlling inflammation and modulating osteoclastogenesis are critical therapeutic targets for managing OA.

关键词： inflammation drugs

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Study on the Impact of Imbalance Between Transmission Lines on Crosstalk: A Novel Perspective of Displacement Current

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 114-124页

作者： Xiaozhu Lu Lingnan Song hui Xu Donglin Su School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beihang University Research Institute for Frontier Science Beihang University

This paper systematically studies the impact of imbalances between adjacent lines and effects on crosstalk. A novel perspective of displacement current is introduced to analyze and explain the simulated observations. The imbalances caused by coupling between single-single, single-differential, and differential-differential lines are studied and analyzed by considering the near-field coupling through the generated displacement currents. Measurements are conducted for various cases of coupled adjacent lines. An equivalent model considering the variation of displacement current with geometrical parameters is also proposed, and the corresponding coupling coefficients are extracted based on simulations to characterize the impact of imbalances. The methods and results presented in this paper provide useful guidelines for designing high-speed circuit layouts with closely spaced transmission lines.

关键词： Couplings Voltage measurement Power transmission lines Systematics Current measurement Layout Crosstalk Transmission line measurements Topology Integrated circuit modeling

Design of multifunctional interfaces on ceramic solid electrolytes for high-performance lithium-air batteries

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第1期10卷 183-192页

作者： Yunxin Shi Ziyang Guo Changhong Wang Mingze Gao Xiaoting Lin hui Duan Yonggang Wang Xueliang Sun College of Energy Material and Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot010021China Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Western UniversityLondonONN6A 5B9Canada Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Institute of New EnergyiChEM(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials)Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China Eastern Institute for Advanced Study Eastern Institute of TechnologyNingboZhejiang315100China

High-energy-density lithium(Li)–air cells have been considered a promising energy-storage system,but the liquid electrolyte-related safety and side-reaction problems seriously hinder their *** address these above issues,solid-state Li–air batteries have been widely ***,many commonly-used solid electrolytes generally face huge interface impedance inLi–air cells and also showpoor stability towards ambient air/Li ***,we fabricate a differentiating surface-regulated ceramic-based composite electrolyte(DSCCE)by constructing disparately LiI-containing polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)coating and Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)layer on both sides of Li_(1.5)Al_(0.5)Ge_(1.5)(PO_(4))_(3)(LAGP).The cathode-friendly LiI/PMMA layer displays excellent stability towards superoxide intermediates and also greatly reduces the decomposition voltage of discharge products in Li–air ***,the anode-friendly PVDF-HFP coating shows low-resistance properties towards ***,Li dendrite/passivation derived from liquid electrolyte-induced side reactions and air/I-attacking can be obviously suppressed by the uniformand compact composite *** a result,the DSCCE-based Li–air batteries possess high capacity/low voltage polarization(11,836mAh g^(-1)/1.45Vunder 500mAg^(-1)),good rate performance(capacity ratio under 1000mAg^(-1)/250mAg^(-1) is 68.2%)and longterm stable cell operation(~300 cycles at 750 mA g^(-1) with 750 mAh g^(-1))in ambient air.

关键词： Li-air batteries Li_(1.5)Al_(0.5)Ge_(1.5)(PO_(4))_(3) Polymers Composite electrolyte Ambient air

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Modular assembly of Co4-thiacalix[4]arene units and Keggin-type SiW12O40 for visible-light photothermal conversion

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 112-119页

作者： Jia-hui Li Qing Zhao Dong-Ao Mao Kun Zhou Bao-Kuan Chen Yan-Feng Bi School of Petrochemical Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical University

The construction of metal-organic coordination clusters（MCCs） using modular secondary building units is an important method for preparing functional *** this study,two new MCCs modularly assembled from Keggin-type {SiW12O40}H4TC4A=p-tert-Butylthiacalix[4]arene(SiW12) units and thiacalixarene-supported Co4-thiacalix[4]arene(Co4-TC4A polynuclear second-building units（PSBUs,H4TC4A=p-tert-Butylthiacalix[4]arene） are *** two MCCs,abbreviated as Co4-SiW12and Co8-SiW12,were structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray *** Co4-SiW12is a supramolecular structure involving cation-anion interactions between Co4-TC4A PSBUs and ***8-SiW12features "barbell-like" shapes with two Co4-TC4A coordinatively linked to a Keggin-type SiW12unit on opposite via W-O_t-Co *** coordination of Co4-TC4A to SiW12in Co8-SiW12resulted in significantly improved photothermal conversion performances compared with Co4-SiW12and pure SiW12or ***-gap determination and photophysical analysis combined with density functional theory calculations indicated the binding mode between Co4-TC4A PSBUs and SiW12,which considerably influences the way of electron transport and the conversion ability of visible light to heat.

关键词： Modular construction Photothermal conversion Polyoxometalate Thiacalixarene

Thermo-Hydraulic Performances of Microchannel Heat Sinks with Different Types of Perforated Rectangular Blocks

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2025年第1期21卷 87-105页

作者： Heng Zhao Honghua Ma hui Liu Xiang Yan Huaqing Yu Yongjun Xiao Xiao Xiao School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Hubei Engineering UniversityXiaogan432000China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(WNLO) Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Institute of Engineering and Technology Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning437100China

The behavior of single-phase flow and conjugate heat transfer in micro-channel heat sinks(MCHS)subjected to auniform heat flux is investigated by means of numerical *** geometrical configurations areexamined,particularly,the combinations of rectangular solid and perforated blocks,used to create a disturbancein the *** analysis focuses on several key aspects and related metrics,including the temperature distribution,the mean Fanning friction factor,the pressure drop,the Nusselt number,and the overall heat transfer coefficientacross a range of Reynolds numbers(80–870).It is shown that the introduction of such blocks significantlyenhances the heat transfer performances of the MCHS compared to the straight-through flow ***,a case is found where the Nusselt number increases by 2.3 times relative to the reference *** integrationof perforated blocks facilitates the generation of vorticity within the channel,promoting the mixing of coldand hot ***,MCHS incorporating perforated rectangular blocks exhibit more pronounced heat transferbenefits at Reynolds numbers smaller than 400.

关键词： Micro-channel heat sink(MCHS) perforated rectangular blocks thermal performance convection heat transfer

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Connecting the World

China Today 2025年第1期74卷 28-31页

作者： ZHANG hui 不详

Over 200 international exhibitors flock to the second China International Supply Chain Expo,showing the global market’s faith in the Chinese *** presence of over 200 international exhibitors at the second China International Supply Chain Expo(CISCE)in Beijing demonstrated what the global market thinks of the world’s second largest economy.

关键词： Supply economy. CISC

Specific Heat Capacity and Coordination Number of Nano-Confined Transcritical Water

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第02期 498-509页

作者： ZHANG Bowei JIANG Kun ZHANG Jie JIN hui State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering(SKLMF) Xi'an Jiaotong University

In the field of nano energy,investigating the specific heat capacity and coordination number of nano-confined water is highly significant for gaining a better understanding of the energy and microstructure of confined *** this work,we employed the method of molecular dynamics（MD） simulation to calculate the specific heat capacity at constant volume and coordination number of water molecules confined in carbon nanotubes（CNTs） under different conditions（T=600-700 K,P=21.776 and 25 MPa,CNT diameter=0.949-5.017nm）.The results showed that near the critical point,the specific heat capacity at constant volume of confined water was lower than that of bulk water,and the energy fluctuation showed a trend of first increasing and then remaining unchanged with the increase of temperature and CNT *** them,the saturation point of temperature is 650 K（reduced pressure Pr=1） and 660 K（Pr=1.15）,and the saturation point of CNT diameter is 2.034 ***,the pseudo-critical temperature of confined water was the same as bulk water,and it increased with the increase of critical ***,with the increase of CNT diameter,the coordination number of confined water increased rapidly,and reaches the saturation state when the CNT diameter is 2.034 *** investigation revealed the mass and energy characteristics of nano-confined water near the critical point,which could provide guidance for the critical phase transition of nano-confined water.

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Effects of Chlorine-Based Fertilizers on Tomato Growth under Soilless Culture

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025年第1期94卷 243-250页

作者： Fei Li Meili Ding hui Yuan Siping Wang Bin Liang College of Agriculture and Forestry Technology Weifang Vocational CollegeWeifang262737China College of Resources and Environment Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao266109China

This study investigated the effects of chlorine-based fertilizers under varying nitrogen solution concentrations in a soilless culture system. The experiment included four nitrogen solution concentration levels, with nitrogen concentrations of 6 mmol/L (C1), 12 mmol/L (C2), 18 mmol/L (C3), and 24 mmol/L (C4). Each nutrient concentration level was further divided into four chloride ion treatments (R1, R2, R3, and R4), where 100%, 60%, 33%, and 0% of the NH4+ and K+ ions were derived from NH4Cl and KCl, respectively. The length, surface area and volume of root were significantly higher by 25.3%~136.9%, 40.1%~173.1%, 27.9%~178.0%, respectively, in the R4 treatment than in the R1 and R2 treatments at flowering stage. The aboveground biomass and yield in the R4 treatment were significantly higher, by approximately 15.6%~43.5% and 16.6%~28.6%, respectively, than in the R1, R2, and R3 treatments at the picking stage. The C3 and C4 treatments significantly decreased biomass and yield by 31.9%~50.2% and 20.7%~50.5%, respectively, compared to the C1 and C2 treatments at the picking stage. Besides, the higher nutrient solution increased the incidence of blossom-end rot. In conclusion, high concentrations of chloride ions in nutrient solutions, especially when the Cl− concentration exceeded 10 mmol/L, have been shown to inhibit tomato growth in soilless culture systems. Therefore, replacing sulfur-based fertilizers by chlorine-based fertilizers is not recommended for tomato production under the studied conditions.

关键词： Sand culture chloride ion nitrogen solution concentration tomato yield blossom-end rot

CMOS direct conversion X-ray detector coupled with fluorinated liquid

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 59-68页

作者： Shi-Hua Liu Chao-Song Gao Xin Zhang Xiang-Ming Sun Meng Wu Zhi-hui Han Tong Wan Yong-Shuai Ge Key Laboratory of Quark&Lepton Physics(MOE) Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Guizhou Education University Guiyang 550018China Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

X-ray detectors show potential applications in medical imaging,materials science,and nuclear *** achieve high detection efficiency and spatial resolution,many conventional semiconductor materials,such as amorphous selenium,cadmium telluride zinc,and perovskites,have been utilized in direct conversion X-ray ***,these semiconductor materials are susceptible to temperature-induced performance degradation,crystallization,delamination,uneven lattice growth,radiation damage,and high dark *** study explores a new approach by coupling an FC40 electronic fluorinated liquid with a specialized high-resolution and high-readout-speed complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)pixel array,specifically the Topmetal II−chip,to fabricate a direct conversion X-ray *** fluorinated liquid FC40(molecular formula:C_(21)F_(48)N_(2))is an electronic medium that is minimally affected by temperature and displays no issues with uniform *** exhibits a low dark current and minimal radiation damage and enables customizable thickness in X-ray *** addresses the limitations inherent in conventional semiconductor-based *** this study,simple X-ray detector imaging tests were conducted,demonstrating the excellent coupling capability between FC40 electronic fluorinated liquid and CMOS chips by the X-ray detector.A spatial resolution of 4.0 lp/mm was measured using a striped line par card,and a relatively clear image of a cockroach was displayed in the digital radiography imaging *** test results indicated the feasibility of fabricating an X-ray detector by combining FC40 electronic fluorinated liquid and CMOS *** to the absence of issues related to chip-material coupling,a high spatial resolution could be achieved by reducing the chip pixel *** method presents a new avenue for studies on novel liquid-based direct conversion X-ray detectors.

关键词： FC40 electronic fluorinated liquid CMOS pixel chip X-ray detector Spatial resolution

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