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Ecology and management of rodents in no-till agriculture in Washington, USA

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Integrative Zoology 2007年第3期2卷 154-164页

作者： Gary WITmER Rodney SAYLER David huggins Jason CAPELLI US Department of Agriculture/Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service/Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research CenterFort CollinsColoradoUSA Washington State University PullmanWashingtonUSA

No-till farming is an important approach to sustainable agriculture because it can conserve soil and water resources.Unfortunately, rodent populations can thrive under no-till conditions because burrow systems are not disrupted byannual plowing and plant residues build-up on the surface, providing cover and insulation. This can result in substantialcrop damage. We assessed rodent populations, habitat use, food habits, and crop damage in a no-till croppingsystem in Washington, USA. We also conducted preliminary trials of methods to reduce rodent populationsand crop damage. In the fall, many more rodents were captured in fields with unharvested crops than in fieldscontaining only plant stubble, suggesting that rodents leave fields after crop harvest, providing that suitable habitatsare nearby, even when adequate cover is still available in harvested crop fields. By spring, the number of volescaptured was much lower relative to fall. Despite this, capture rates were much higher in surrounding permanentgrass areas than in crop (barley, wheat, pea) fields, suggesting that these grassy areas serve as refugia for rodents.Furthermore, the permanent grass cover type was the landscape variable most associated with rodent capture rates.In three winter pea fields, rodents removed 5–15% of the pea plants over winter. Examination of stomach contentsrevealed that voles mainly fed on grain plants in spring, but that their diet was more diversified in fall. Deer micefed heavily on grain plants in both spring and fall, but also used insects as food. metal barrier exclosures (9 m × 9m), extending above and below ground, did not prevent access by rodents. Rodent populations in areas treated withzinc phosphide on grain were comparable to untreated areas 1 year after application of the rodenticide, perhaps becauseof immigration and recruitment, suggesting that baiting does not provide a long-term solution to rodent damagein no-till agricultural fields.

关键词： agriculture damage deer mouse feeding ecology microtus Peromyscus rodent vole

Visually modelling Collaborative Research into Innovative Community Disaster Resilience Practice,Strategy,and Governance

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2015年第3期6卷 282-294页

作者： Thomas J.huggins Robin Peace Stephen R.Hill David m.Johnston Alicia Cuevas muniz Joint Centre for Disaster Research School of PsychologyMassey University School of Psychology Massey University School of Psychology Massey University Joint Centre of Disaster ResearchMassey University Faculty of Science University of Colima

In 2013 a new collaborative center was established in Wellington, New Zealand to focus on integrating resilience research with the region’s community disaster resilience strategy. An earlier study with parties to this center had indicated that researcher and practitioner groups were divided by attention to their own immediate knowledge and skills, but agreed there was a need to maximize community resilience benefits amongst a regional population. An action research workshop of researchers and practitioners used a visual logic model to focus on the pragmatic benefits of improving community resilience. The visual logic model was used to design research activities that would improve the regional community resilience strategy, which was still in an early implementation phase.Ten of 14 workshop participants were interviewed following the workshop. Statistical content analysis of interview data highlighted certain strengths of the action research process: visual monitoring and evaluation planning was a catalyst for complicated conversations between two very different groups of professionals; and researchers became more focused on practical issues as a result. Other findings suggested that in future collaborative researchgovernance would benefit from wider cycles of strategic intelligence, enhanced research contributions, and the use of different information formats for different purposes.Different formats for different purposes should also be considered when developing and implementing large-scale disaster risk reduction policies and strategies.

关键词：合作研究社区跳回内容分析紧急情况管理视觉通讯

INTERRUPTION STUDY OF VIREmIA OF PATIENTS WITH HEmORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROmE IN THE FEBRILE PHASE

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1991年第2期104卷 149-153页

作者： Yang Zhan-qiu Zhang Tien-ming Zhang mei-ying Zheng Zhi-ming Hu Zhen-jiao Qu Chun-feng Xiang Jin-min John W huggins T. m. Cosgriff J. I. Smith Virus Research Institute Hubei Medical College Wuhan 430071 U. S. Army medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases Fort Detrick MD U.S.A.

Kinetic changes of viremia were observed in 287 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in whom ribavirin was administered with double blind random control studied by means of virus isolation, indirect immunofiuorescence assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The positive rate of viremia was 79.7% (Sp=3%) and positive rate of HERS Igm was 85% (Sp=3.1%) before treatment. Viremia could be interrupted by ribavirin as in the ribavirin treated group, the viremia positive rate decreased, duration of viremia was shortened, viral antigen products, virus fiter and HFRS IgG antibody level were reduced as compared with the control group. This showed that viremia was very frequent in patients in the febrile phase and ribavirin is an effective antiviral drug in HFRS during the febrile phase. Dosage and course of treatment of this drug are discussed.

关键词： RIBAVIRIN

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滤食性生物培育时投饵的自动控制

渔业机械仪器 1989年第3期16卷 33-37页

作者： W.L.huggins m.m.Helm D.R.Willinms 范大岳

前言在滤食性生物培育时,最重要的是它们获得饵料数量的方法。能从周围水体里滤食微细藻类细胞的双壳类软体动物,在连续投饵情况下,用较小的饵料密度。能达到最大的生长率。当超过最适饵料密度时,浪费了部份滤食细胞成为假粪便排出,摄... 详细信息

前言在滤食性生物培育时,最重要的是它们获得饵料数量的方法。能从周围水体里滤食微细藻类细胞的双壳类软体动物,在连续投饵情况下,用较小的饵料密度。能达到最大的生长率。当超过最适饵料密度时,浪费了部份滤食细胞成为假粪便排出,摄食这些细胞无益于消化。例如在牡蛎和蛤子幼虫和幼体密集培育的双壳类孵化场里,有效地使用成本昂贵的藻类是很重要的。通过幼体自动摄取藻类能得到最佳效益,以致在所有的时间里。

关键词：滤食性生物投饵装置自动控制

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宽范围变形或位移值的自动记录

工程与试验 1966年第Z1期 146-150页

作者： m.L.Rudee E.L.Zebroski R.A.huggins 蒋王平

在许多试验机械中,很需要枉宽量程内自动记录变形或位移值,而且要求保持高的灵敏度。如果把一般的单量程记录装置与一适当的变换器联用时,则就必须要解决读数精确度限制在满刻度0.5%左右的问题。对于这个问题的解决办法是采用一个多量

关键词：差动开头

日本血吸虫(中国大陆株)基因工程疫苗的研究

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中国血吸虫病防治杂志 1998年第A7期10卷 54-59页

作者：施福恢叶萍林矫矫沈纬蔡学忠田锷傅志强刘金明石耀军蔡幼民吴祥甫 m.G.Taglor m.C.huggins 中国农业科学院上海家畜寄生虫病研究所 200232 中国科学院上海生物化学研究所英国伦敦大学卫生和热带医学院传染病与热带病系

本文报道应用PCR技术或RT－PCR技术从日本血吸虫成虫cDNA文库或成虫mRNA中扩增到Sj28GST、C－Sjparamyosin、H-Sj23、Sj14、Sj22．6和Sj．TPI6个编码日本血吸虫中国大陆株抗原的基因，并把它们克隆入适合载体中，在大肠杆菌系统和蚕核... 详细信息

本文报道应用PCR技术或RT－PCR技术从日本血吸虫成虫cDNA文库或成虫mRNA中扩增到Sj28GST、C－Sjparamyosin、H-Sj23、Sj14、Sj22．6和Sj．TPI6个编码日本血吸虫中国大陆株抗原的基因，并把它们克隆入适合载体中，在大肠杆菌系统和蚕核型多角体病毒（BmNPV）系统中进行表达．免疫学检测证明这6种基因重组抗原都具有较好的抗原性。我们进一步应用4种比较成熟的基因重组抗原Sj26GST、Sj28GST、C－Sj．paramyosin和H－Sj23进行3批绵羊试验和1批黄、水牛田间试验，评估这几种重组抗原在绵羊和黄、水牛中的免疫保护效果，rSj26GST和rSj28GST分别获得62．1％和50.4％－68.5％的显著保护；n－paramyosin获得42.9％－55．3％、r－C－paramyosin获得44．2％－47．1％的显著保护，r－H－Sj23为51．2％－66．1％的显著保护．各组免疫后的粪便虫卵数和组织虫卵数也有不同程度的减少．用r－C－Sjparamyosin、r－Sj28GST和r－H－Sj23免疫典、水牛在血吸虫重疫区田间试验的结果表明，减虫率水牛高于黄牛，显示上述试验的3种日本血吸虫重组分子抗原有希望成为家畜日本血吸虫病的候选疫苗抗原．

关键词：日本血吸虫疫苗候选抗原基因工程

A modified Crank-Nicolson Numerical Scheme for the Flory-huggins Cahn-Hilliard model

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第1期31卷 60-93页

作者： Wenbin Chen Jianyu Jing Cheng Wang Xiaoming Wang Steven m.Wise Shanghai Key Laboratory for Contemporary Applied mathematics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433P.R.China School of mathematical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433P.R.China mathematics Department University of MassachusettsNorth DartmouthMA 02747USA International Center for mathematics and Department of mathematics and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Designand National Center for Applied Mathematics ShenzhenSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055P.R.China mathematics Department University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

In this paper we propose and analyze a second order accurate numericalscheme for the Cahn-Hilliard equation with logarithmic Flory huggins energy potential. A modified Crank-Nicolson approximation is applied to the logarithmic nonlinear term, while the expansive term is updated by an explicit second order AdamsBashforth extrapolation, and an alternate temporal stencil is used for the surface diffusion term. A nonlinear artificial regularization term is added in the numerical scheme,which ensures the positivity-preserving property, i.e., the numerical value of the phasevariable is always between -1 and 1 at a point-wise level. Furthermore, an unconditional energy stability of the numerical scheme is derived, leveraging the special formof the logarithmic approximation term. In addition, an optimal rate convergence estimate is provided for the proposed numerical scheme, with the help of linearizedstability analysis. A few numerical results, including both the constant-mobility andsolution-dependent mobility flows, are presented to validate the robustness of the proposed numerical scheme.

关键词： Cahn-Hilliard equation Flory huggins energy potential positivity preserving energy stability second order accuracy optimal rate convergence estimate

A Second Order Accurate in Time, Energy Stable Finite Element Scheme for the Flory-huggins-Cahn-Hilliard Equation

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Advances in Applied mathematics and mechanics 2022年第6期14卷 1477-1508页

作者： maoqin Yuan Wenbin Chen Cheng Wang Steven m.Wise Zhengru Zhang School of Science&Arts China University of Petroleum-Beijing at KaramayKaramayXinjiang 834000China Shanghai Key Laboratory of mathematics for Nonlinear Sciences School of Mathematical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of mathematics The University of MassachusettsNorth DartmouthMA 02747USA Department of mathematics The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA School of mathematical Sciences Beijing Normal University and Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex SystemsMinistry of EducationBeijing 100875China

In this paper, we propose and analyze a second order accurate in time, masslumped mixed finite element scheme for the Cahn-Hilliard equation with a logarithmic Flory-huggins energy potential. The standard backward differentiation formula (BDF)stencil is applied in the temporal discretization. In the chemical potential approximation,both the logarithmic singular terms and the surface diffusion term are treatedimplicitly, while the expansive term is explicitly updated via a second-order Adams-Bashforth extrapolation formula, following the idea of the convex-concave decompositionof the energy functional. In addition, an artificial Douglas-Dupont regularizationterm is added to ensure the energy dissipativity. In the spatial discretization, the masslumped finite element method is adopted. We provide a theoretical justification of theunique solvability of the mass lumped finite element scheme, using a piecewise linearelement. In particular, the positivity is always preserved for the logarithmic argumentsin the sense that the phase variable is always located between -1 and 1. In fact, thesingular nature of the implicit terms and the mass lumped approach play an essentialrole in the positivity preservation in the discrete setting. Subsequently, an unconditionalenergy stability is proven for the proposed numerical scheme. In addition, theconvergence analysis and error estimate of the numerical scheme are also presented.Two numerical experiments are carried out to verify the theoretical properties.

关键词： Cahn-Hilliard equations Flory huggins energy potential mass lumped FEm convexconcave decomposition energy stability positivity preserving.

加利福尼亚帕克菲尔德米德尔山圣安德烈斯断层带的高分辨率地震速度和浅层结构

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世界地震译丛 2004年第1期35卷 52-62页

作者： R.D.Catchings m.J.Rymer m.R.Goldman J.A.Hole R.huggins C.Lippus 谢汝一中国地震局地球物理勘探中心

加利福尼亚帕克菲尔德附近横跨圣安德烈斯断层(SAF)带5 km长高分辨率地震成像测量和建议中的圣安德烈斯断层深孔观测(SAFOD)表明,速度在横向及垂向上均有变化。速度从地表附近的4.0 km/s)可能对应于萨林断块的花岗岩,该岩出露在圣安德... 详细信息

加利福尼亚帕克菲尔德附近横跨圣安德烈斯断层(SAF)带5 km长高分辨率地震成像测量和建议中的圣安德烈斯断层深孔观测(SAFOD)表明,速度在横向及垂向上均有变化。速度从地表附近的m/s变化到750m深度的4.8 km/s。最低的速度(m/s)对应于地表附近的未固结的沉积岩、泥岩和砂岩,而较高的速度(>4.0 km/s)可能对应于萨林断块的花岗岩,该岩出露在圣安德烈斯断层西南数千米处。沿地震剖面可能的花岗岩顶部的埋深存在横向变化,但是在建议中的SAFOD场址处约为600m深。在圣安德烈斯断层地表迹线的西南部之下,我们观测到一个优势的横向低速层(LVZ),低速层在300m深度上宽约1.5km,但是在750m深度上逐渐减少到约600m宽。在速度模型的最大深度(750m)上,低速层集中在圣安德烈斯断层地表迹线西南大约400m处。在低速层两侧差不多的深度上观测到了相似的速度及速度梯度,说明低速层相对其任何一侧的岩石都是异常的。低速层内的速度低于圣安德烈斯断层断层泥的速度,而且,相对于重力、地磁、电阻率测量值,低速层也是异常的。由于低速层接近圣安德烈斯断层的地表迹线,使人认为它代表了深部破碎的结晶岩地层。然而,低速层也可能代表了现在仍然与圣安德烈斯断层邻接或包围圣安德烈斯断层的沉积岩的构造破碎带。这种沉积岩的破碎带意味着断层横跨两侧并可能位于破碎带中,说明断层带在300m深处上至少为1.5 km宽,在750m深度上逐渐减小到约600m宽。沉积破碎带内的流体可能是造成观测到的低电阻率值的原因。

关键词：圣安德烈斯断层迹线地表地球表面低速层高分辨率地震地层浅层帕克美国加利福尼亚菲尔德德尔