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Pryce's mass-center operators and the anomalous velocity of a spinning electron

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2018年第8期61卷 1-7页

作者： long huang XiaoHua Wu Tao Zhou College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University School of Physical Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University

In the present work, we develop a method to derive the anomalous velocity of a spinning electron. From Dirac equation, the relationships among the expectation values of the Pryce's mass-center operator, the position operator, the spin operator and the canonical momentum operator are investigated. By requiring that the center of mass for a classical spinning electron is related to the expectation value of Pryce's mass-center operator, one can obtain a classical expression for the position of the *** the classical equations of motion, the anomalous velocity of a spinning electron can be easily obtained. It is shown that two factors contribute to the anomalous velocity: one is dependent on the selection of Pryce's mass-center operators and the other is a type-independent velocity expressed by the rotational velocity and the Lorentz force.

关键词： mass-center operator anomalous velocity Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation

Non-noble metal-based bifunctional electrocatalysts for hydrogen production

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Rare Metals 2022年第7期41卷 2169-2183页

作者： Tong Wu Ming-Zi Sun Bo-long huang Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Hydrogen is a promising candidate for clean and sustainable energy resources to substitute fossil fuels to mitigate global environmental *** hydrogen production has been regarded as a viable and promising *** overall water splitting is currently the predominant electrochemical hydrogen production method,which could be driven by renewable energy to achieve sustainable ***,the current challenges are the intrinsically sluggish and energy-intensive oxygen evolution reduction(OER)at the anode and the expensive noble metal-based catalysts for overall water splitting,which limit the practical *** efforts have been made to develop bifunctional non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts to boost hydrogen production efficiency and lower the ***,alternative oxidation reactions with faster kinetics and less energy requirement than OER are being explored as the anodic reaction to couple with the hydrogen evolution reaction for energy-saving hydrogen *** this review,the non-noble metal-based bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting,as well as other novel energy-saving hydrogen productions have been introduced and *** challenges and outlooks are commented on at the end of the article.

关键词： Overall water splitting Hydrogen production Bifunctional electrocatalyst Energy-saving hydrogen production Non-noble metal electrocatalysts

Optimization by orthogonal array design of ion-pair HPLC separation of the enzymatic hydrolysis products of yeast RNA

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2010年第12期21卷 1453-1456页

作者： Jie Hua Ke long huang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang 414000 China

The separation of enzymatic hydrolysis products of yeast RNA by ion-pair HPLC was studied.A modified chromatographic response function（MCRF） was proposed to appraise the effectiveness of chromatographic *** function takes the number of peaks,resolution and the retention time of the last peak into *** shows advantages for optimization of HPLC separation of complex *** orthogonal array design was used to separate the hydrolysate of yeast RNA and the optimal chromatographic conditions were obtained.

关键词： Chromatographic response function Orthogonal array design 5'-Phosphodiesterase Barley roots Nucleotides

Silicone Modified Polyesters Vulcanizable at Room Temperature for Anti-corrosion Coatings on Tinplate

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2022年第3期37卷 525-532页

作者： GAN Qimao WANG Li huang long huang Ronghua School of Power&Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Engineering Center of New Tobacco Product China Tobacco Hubei IndustrialWuhan 430040China College of Civil Engineeringand Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHanzhou 310058China

Trimethoxysilyl Polyester(TMOS-PET)was prepared via hydrosilylation of trimethylsilane with acryl-terminated *** of TMOS-PET with trimethylmethoxysilane,tetramethoxysilane,and/or dimethyldimethoxysilane give silicone modified polyesters(Si-PET)containing=(SiO_(2))=,-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=,and/or-((CH_(3))_(2)SiO)-*** from Si-PET were formed on tinplate surface via room temperature vulcanization with applicable curing time(the quickest tact free time and completely drying time are 2 h and 15 h,respectively).Mechanical properties,thermal stability,chemical resistance,and anti-corrosion of coatings were *** the flexibility of the coatings were lowered by=(SiO_(2))=and-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=units,adhesion and thermal stability of coatings were both *** the contrary,(CH_(3))_(2)SiOunits seem to improve the flexibility,while decrease the adhesive force for less crosslink ***,the silicone modified polyesters act as an effective shielding for *** to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),the electric resistance of coatings(Rc)were improved about 25 times and open circuit potential(OCP)increased about 0.10 V compared to the *** chemical resistance and anti-corrosion of the coatings were decreased slightly after=(SiO_(2))=and-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=units were added,but they could be greatly improved by-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=***,after adding-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=units,coatings give doubled Rc,and its OCP is about 0.20 V higher than the control.

关键词： silicone modified polyester coatings electrochemical impedance spectroscopy mechanical property thermal stability

Classifying hepatitis B therapies with insights from covalently closed circular DNA dynamics

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 9-23页

作者： Jie-Li Hu Ai-long huang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China

The achievement of a functional cure for chronic hepatitis B(CHB)remains limited to a minority of patients treated with currently approved *** primary objective in developing new anti-HBV drugs is to enhance the functional cure rates for CHB.A critical prerequisite for the functional cure of CHB is a substantial reduction,or even eradication of covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA).Within this context,the changes in cccDNA levels during treatment become as a pivotal *** have previously analyzed the factors influencing cccDNA dynamics and introduced a preliminary classification of hepatitis B treatment strategies based on these *** this review,we employ a systems thinking perspective to elucidate the fundamental aspects of the HBV replication cycle and to rationalize the classification of treatment strategies according to their impact on the dynamic equilibrium of *** upon this foundation,we categorize current anti-HBV strategies into two distinct groups and advocate for their combined use to significantly reduce cccDNA levels within a well-defined timeframe.

关键词： Hepatitis B cccDNA Functional cure Dynamics Treatment Strategy

Fourier transform of anisotropic mixed-norm Hardy spaces

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2021年第1期16卷 119-139页

作者： long huang Der-Chen CHANG Dachun YANG Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex Systems(Ministry of Education of China) School of Mathematical SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Mathematics and Statistics Georgetown UniversityWashingtonDC 20057USA Graduate Institute of Business Adminstration College of ManagementFu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Teipei City 242China

Let a:=(a1,…,an)∈[1,∞)n,p:=(p1,…,pn)∈(0,1]n,Hpa(R^(n))be the anisotropic mixed-norm Hardy space associated with adefined via the radial maximal function,and let f belong to the Hardy space Hpa(R^(n)).In this article,we show that the Fourier transform fcoincides with a continuous function g onℝn in the sense of tempered distributions and,moreover,this continuous function g,multiplied by a step function associated with a,can be pointwisely controlled by a constant multiple of the Hardy space norm of *** proofs are achieved via the known atomic characterization of Hpa(R^(n))and the establishment of two uniform estimates on anisotropic mixed-norm *** applications,we also conclude a higher order convergence of the continuous function gat the ***,a variant of the Hardy-Littlewood inequality in the anisotropic mixed-norm Hardy space setting is also *** these results are a natural generalization of the well-known corresponding conclusions of the classical Hardy spaces Hp(R^(n))with p∈0,1],and are even new for isotropic mixed-norm Hardy spaces on∈n.

关键词： Anisotropic(mixed-norm)Hardy space Fourier transform Hardy-Littlewood inequality

Rational Design of Colloidal Core/Shell Quantum Dots for Optoelectronic Applications

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2020年第2期18卷 105-118页

作者： Xiang-long huang Xin Tong Zhiming MWang Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Colloidal core/shell quantum dots(QDs) are promising for solar technologies because of their excellent optoelectronic properties including tunable light absorption/emission spectra, high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY), suppressed Auger recombination, efficient charge separation/transfer, and outstanding photo-/thermal-/chemical stability. In this review, engineered core/shell QDs with various types of band structures and corresponding device performance in luminescent solar concentrators(LSCs), light-emitting diodes(LEDs), solar-driven photoelectrochemical(PEC) devices, and QDs-sensitized solar cells(QDSCs) are summarized. In particular, the applications of interfacial layer engineering and eco-friendly, heavy metal-free core/shell QDs in optoelectronic devices are highlighted. Finally, strategies towards the developments and practical perspectives of core/shell QDs are briefly mentioned to offer guidelines for achieving prospective high-efficiency and long-term stable QD devices.

关键词： stability. quantum mentioned

Spatial dynamic patterns of saltmarsh vegetation in southern Hangzhou Bay:Exotic and native species

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Water Science and Engineering 2020年第1期13卷 34-44页

作者： Si-long huang Yi-ning Chen Yan Li Second Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Dongshan Swire Marine Station Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

A saltmarsh has developed rapidly on the mudflat of Andong Shoal,in southern Hangzhou Bay,over the last decade since *** saltmarsh vegetation changes are driven by both sediment dynamic conditions and the competition between the exotic species Spartina alterniflora(***) and the native species Scirpus mariqueter(***).This study attempted to investigate large-scale spatial variations in the exotic and native species,by analyzing and interpreting a time series(2016-2018) of high-resolution(less than 1 m) remote sensing *** total area of the saltmarsh increased at a rate of 1.07 km^2/year,due to the accretion of the whole tidal *** spatial patterns revealed a new bimodal pattern for *** *** expanded over the upper to middle saltmarsh at a rate of1.68 km2/***,the *** patches at the seaward edge expanded at a negative rate of-0.005 km^2/year,indicating a different pattern in competition:*** had more advantages in the upper saltmarsh,while *** had more advantages in the pioneer zone with low ***,*** mainly established new habitats by invading *** in the middle saltmarsh,but *** occupied the bare mudflat for *** results aindicated that the interspecific competition result between *** and *** depended on elevation,and low elevation might create a favorable environment for *** to win the competition with exotic *** finding could be applied to future invasive species control and saltmarsh management.

关键词： Saltmarsh Spartina alterniflora Scirpus mariqueter Spatial variation Competition Exotic species Native species

On Shakespeare's License

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外语研究 1990年第1期7卷 1-7页

作者： huang long

All grammatical rules leak. Grammar, as a science of expression, should be more subtle and less rigid; it should address itself more to the speaker’s intentions and less to the rules and definitions. Grammatical rule... 详细信息

关键词： On Shakespeare’s License than