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Aerial refueling scheduling of multi-receiver and multi-tanker under spatial-temporal constraints for forest firefighting

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 71-91,I0001页

作者： Jing huang Jiaqi XING Jinrui REN quan quan Youmin zhanG Department of Information and Control Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China Jiujiang Measuring Test Technology Research Institute Jiujiang 332000China School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Automation Xi’an University of Posts&TelecommunicationsShaanxiXi’an 710121China Department of Mechanical Industrial and Aerospace EngineeringConcordia UniversityMontreal H3G 1M8Canada

Forest fires pose a significant threat to human life and property,so the utilization of unmanned aircraft systems provides new ways for forest *** the constrained load capacities of these aircraft,aerial refueling becomes crucial to extend their operational time and *** order to address the complexities of firefighting missions involving multi-receiver and multi-tanker deployed from various airports,first,a fuel consumption calculation model for aerial refueling scheduling is established based on the receiver ***,two distinct methods,including an integrated one and a decomposed one,are designed to address the challenges of establishing refueling airspace and allocating tasks for *** methods aim to optimize total fuel consumption of the receivers and tankers within the aerial refueling scheduling *** optimization problem is established as nonlinear optimization models along with *** integrated method seamlessly combines refueling rendezvous point scheduling and tanker task allocation into unified *** has a complete solution space and excels in optimizing total fuel *** decomposed method,through the separation of rendezvous point scheduling and task allocation,achieves a reduced computational ***,this comes at the cost of sacrificing optimality by excluding specific feasible ***,numerical simulations are carried out to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed *** simulations yield insights crucial for the practical engineering application of both the integrated and decomposed methods in real-world *** comprehensive approach aims to enhance the efficiency of forest firefighting operations,mitigating the risks posed by forest fires to human life and property.

关键词： Aerial refueling Scheduling Planning Spatial-temporal constraint Firefighting

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Dual-aligned porous electrodes for enhanced hydrogen evolution in alkaline water electrolysis

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3835-3843页

作者： Yuqi zhang Wenzhi Cui Longjian Li Chongbo Wang Chen zhan Xiaojun quan School of Energy and Power Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao-Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The efficiency of water electrolysis is significantly affected by the bubbles on the surface and inside the *** enhance the gas-liquid transfer within the porous electrodes,we developed an innovative design termed dual-aligned porous electrode(D-APE),achieved by integrating magnetic alignment with freeze casting *** paper investigates the hydrogen evolution performance of porous electrodes prepared using four different methods:evaporation,magnetic-aligned evaporation,freeze casting,and dual-aligned *** findings demonstrate that the magnetic-aligned process effectively alters the electrode structure,resulting in improved hydrogen evolution ***,among all the examined electrodes,the D-APE exhibits the highest hydrogen evolution performance,with further enhancements observed with prolonged the time of magnetic ***,a comparison is made between electrodes prepared using the freeze casting method and the dual-aligned method at various *** results show that the thinner D-APE exhibits excellent hydrogen evolution performance at high current ***,the D-APE demonstrates significantly improved material utilization rates compared to the conventional freeze casting method,offering promising prospects for enhancing the efficiency of water electrolysis.

关键词： hydrogen evolution reaction dual-aligned magnetic-aligned freeze casting

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Context‑dependent antioxidant defense system(ADS)‑based stress memory in response to recurrent environmental challenges in congeneric invasive species

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 315-330页

作者： Hanxi Li Xuena huang Aibin zhan Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Marine ecosystems are facing escalating environmental fluctuations owing to climate change and human activities,imposing pressures on marine *** withstand recurring environmental challenges,marine organisms,especially benthic species lacking behavioral choices to select optimal habitats,have to utilize well-established strategies such as the antioxidant defense system(ADS)to ensure their ***,understanding of the mechanisms governing the ADS-based response is essential for gaining insights into adaptive strategies for managing environmental *** we conducted a com-parative analysis of the physiological and transcriptional responses based on the ADS during two rounds of'hypersalinity-recovery'challenges in two model congeneric invasive ascidians,Ciona robusta and *** results demonstrated that *** exhibited higher tolerance and resistance to salinity stresses at the physiological level,while *** demonstrated heightened responses at the transcriptional *** observed distinct transcriptional responses,particularly in the utilization of two superoxide dismutase(SOD)*** Ciona species developed physiological stress memory with elevated total SOD(T-SOD)and glutathione(GSH)responses,while only *** demonstrated transcriptional stress *** regulatory distinctions within the Nrf2-Keap1 signalling pathway likely explain the formation disparity of transcriptional stress memory between both Ciona *** findings support the'context-dependent stress memory hypothesis',emphasizing the emergence of species-specific stress memory at diverse regulatory levels in response to recurrent environmental *** results enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of environmental challenge manage-ment in marine species,particularly those related to the ADS.

关键词： Antioxidant defense Ascidian Biological invasion Environmental stress Stress memory

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Rationally designed synthetic peptide as versatile calibrant to improve the accuracy of protein sequence analysis using MALDI mass spectrometry

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 214-220页

作者： Lingpeng zhan Yanyi huang Guanbo Wang Institute for Cell Analysis Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 518132China Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization(MALDI)mass spectrometry(MS)plays an indispensable role in analyzing protein covalent *** reliable identification of amino acid residues and modifications relies on the mass accuracy,which is highly dependent on ***,the accuracy provided by the currently available calibrants still needs further improvement in terms of compatibility with multiple tandem MS modes or ion polarity modes,calibratable range,and minimizing suppression of and interference with analyte *** aiming at developing a versatile calibrant to solve these problem,we designed a synthetic peptide format of calibrant R_x(GDP_n)_m(referred to as“Gly-Asp-Pro,GDP”)according to the chemical natures of amino acids and polypeptide fragmentation rules in tandem *** four types of amino acid residues selected and arranged through rational designs,a GDP peptide produces highly regulated fragments that give rise to evenly spaced signals in each tandem MS mode and is compatible with both positive and negative ion *** internal calibration,its regulated fragmentation pattern minimizes interference with analyte signals,and using a single peptide as the input minimizes suppression of the analyte *** demonstrated by analyses of proteins including monoclonal antibody and Aβ-42,these features allowed significant increase of the mass accuracy and precision,which improved sequence coverage and sequence resolution in sequence analyses(including de novo sequencing).This rational design strategy may also inspire further development of synthetic calibrants that benefit structural analysis of biomolecules.

关键词： Biomolecule design Synthetic peptide Protein sequencing Covalent structure De novo sequencing Mass spectrometry Gas-phase fragmentation

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Electro-optic 3D snapshot of a laser wakefield accelerated kilo-ampere electron bunch

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 823-834页

作者： Kai huang zhan Jin Nobuhiko Nakanii Tomonao Hosokai Masaki Kando Kansai Institute for Photon Science(KPSI) National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology(QST)KyotoJapan. Laser Accelerator R&D Innovative Light Sources DivisionRIKEN SPring-8 CenterHyogoJapan. SANKEN Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan

Laser wakefield acceleration,as an advanced accelerator concept,has attracted great attentions for its ultrahigh acceleration gradient and the capability to produce high brightness electron *** three-dimensional(3D)density serves as an evaluation metric for the particle bunch quality and is intrinsically related to the applications of an *** its significance,this parameter has not been experimentally measured in the investigation of laser wakefield *** report on an electro-optic 3D snapshot of a laser wakefield electron bunch at a position outside the *** 3D shape of the electron bunch was detected by simultaneously performing optical transition radiation imaging and electro-optic *** 3D structures to a few micrometer levels were reconstructed using a genetic *** electron bunch possessed a transverse size of less than 30 *** current profile shows a multi-peak *** main peak had a duration of1 *** maximum electron 3D number density was~9×10^(21)m^(-3).This research demonstrates a feasible way of 3D density monitoring on femtosecond kilo-ampere electron bunches,at any position of a beam transport line for relevant applications.

关键词： laser acceleration field

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Elevational and temporal patterns of pollination success in distylous and homostylous buckwheats(Fagopyrum)in the Hengduan Mountains

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 661-670页

作者： Ling-Yun Wu Shuang-quan huang Ze-Yu Tong Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Institute of Evolution and Ecology School of Life SciencesCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China

Reproductive strategies of sexually dimorphic plants vary in response to the ***,we ask whether the sexual systems of Fagopyrum species(i.e.,selfing homostylous and out-crossing distylous)represent distinct adaptive strategies to increase reproductive success in changing alpine *** answer this question,we determined how spatial and temporal factors(e.g.,elevation and peak flowering time)affect reproductive success(i.e.,stigmatic pollen load)in nine wild Fagopyrum species(seven distylous and two homostylous)among 28 populations along an elevation gradient of 1299-3315 m in the Hengduan Mountains,southwestern *** also observed pollinators and conducted hundreds of hand pollinations to investigate inter/intra-morph compatibility,self-compatibility and pollen limitation in four Fagopyrum species(two distylous and two homostylous).We found that Fagopyrum species at higher elevation generally had bigger flowers and more stigmatic pollen loads;lateflowering individuals had smaller flowers and lower pollen *** pollen deposition was more variable in distylous species than in homostylous *** seed set was not pollenlimited in all species,we found that fruit set was much lower in distylous species,which rely on frequent pollinator visits,than in homostylous species capable of autonomous *** findings that pollination success increases at high elevations and decreases during the flowering season suggest that distylous and homostylous species have spatially and temporally distinct reproductive strategies related to environment-dependent pollinator activity.

关键词： Biodiversity hotspot Elevation gradient Fagopyrum Stigmatic pollen load Temporal pattern

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Effect of Al content on modification behavior of non-metallic inclusions in high-strength steel treated with rare earth

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第8期31卷 1886-1899页

作者： zhan-peng Tie Xue-yuan Jiang Hai-yan Tang ·Gen Li Yu-hang Wang Jia-quan zhang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Continuous Casting Business Section CISDI Engineering Co.Ltd.Chongqing 401122China Special Steel Institute Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China

The influence of Al content(0.0053,0.0171,and 0.0578 wt.%)on the modification behavior of non-metallic inclusions in 20CrMoVTiB steel treated with rare earth elements was studied through high-temperature experiments and thermodynamic *** results showed that the modification products varied with the Al content in steel under 0.01 wt.%of Ce *** formation sequence of typical rare earth inclusions in steel with the increase in Al content was Ce_(2)O_(3)→CeAlO_(3)→CeAl_(11)O_(18),and the final stable products were highly Al content *** the Al content was 0.0053 wt.%,the stable phase in steel was Ce2O3;while the[Al]reached 0.0171 wt.%,the stable phase became CeA1O_(3).As the A1 content reached 0.0578 wt.%,CeAl_(11)O_(18) became the stable *** a result,increasing the Al content could inhibit the precipitation of Ce_(2)O_(3) inclusions in steel while promote the formation of CeAIO3 and CeAl_(11)O_(18) *** addition,both Ca treatment and Ce treatment could effectively refine the size of inclusions in steel by changing their ***,the feeding amount of Ca wire into molten steel should be appropriately reduced under the condition of adding Ce simultaneously,which is expected to be beneficial for an improved Ce treatment effect.

关键词： Rare earth Al content Steel Inclusion Thermodynamics Ca treatment

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Two-dimensional precise figuring of 500 mm-long X-ray mirror using one-dimensional ion beam system

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 177-184页

作者： Qiu-Shi huang Han-Dan huang Qiao-Yu Wu Jun Yu Zhong zhang zhan-Shan Wang MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials Institute of Precision Optical Engineering(IPOE)School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092People’s Republic of China Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications Tongji UniversityShanghai200092People’s Republic of China Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics Tongji UniversityShanghai200092People’s Republic of China

In this study,a new method was developed to realize two-dimensional(2D)figure correction of grazing-incidence X-ray mirrors using a one-dimensional(1D)ion-beam figuring system.A mask of holes was specifically designed to generate removal functions at different widths and extend the figuring capability over a wide ***,a long mirror could be *** this method,the surface height root-mean-square(RMS)error of the center area of 484 mm×16 mm was reduced from 11.49 nm to 2.01 nm,and the 1D meridional RMS error reached 1.0 *** proposed method exhibits high precision and cost effectiveness for production of long X-ray mirrors.

关键词： Long-size mirrors Ion beam figuring Two-dimensional figure correction Mask

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Land-population-industry based village evolution and its influencing factors in the upper Tuojiang River

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2790-2809页

作者： zhan Yunjun JI Yuxin huang Jiejun MA Changying MA Chuanqi School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

With economic development and urbanization in China,the rural settlements have experienced great *** explore the evolution process of rural settlements in terms of land,population and industry can reveal the development law of rural spatial distribution,population structure and industrial economy in different stages and *** the development status and evolution characteristics of villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin in Southwest China in the past 20 years are of significant *** upper Tuojiang River basin includes the main types of terrain found in the Southwest region:mountainous,plains,and hills,exhibiting a certain typicality of geographical *** study took towns and townships at the town-level scale as the basic unit of research,and constructed an evaluation system for village evolution based on'land,population,and industry'.It employed Criteria Importance Through Inter-Criteria Correlation(CRITIC)analysis to examine the characteristics of village evolution in the area from 2000 to 2020,and used geographic detector analysis to identify the leading factors affecting village *** results show that:(1)From 2000 to 2010,villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin experienced significant changes,and the pace of these transformations slowed from 2010 to 2020.(2)From a comprehensive perspective,from 2000 to 2020,villages in hilly areas show a decline,while villages in plain areas near the city center show a positive urbanization development.(3)Road accessibility and distance from the city center are the main factors that explain the spatial differentiation of village evolution degree in the study *** study elucidates the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin and identifies the primary factors contributing to their changes,which will provide a reference for investigating the development of rural areas in different terrains of Southwest China.

关键词： Village evolution Land Population Industry Geographic detector

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Bond behavior of the interface between concrete and basalt fiber reinforced polymer bar after freeze–thaw cycles

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 630-641页

作者： Li HONG Mingming LI Congming DU Shenjiang huang Binggen zhan Qijun YU Department of Structural Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Key Laboratory of Performance Evolution and Control for Engineering Structures Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Technology and Equipment for Cement-based Materials(Ministry of Education) Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Hefei Cement Research&Design Institute Corporation Ltd. Hefei 230051China

The shear bond of interface between concrete and basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)bars during freeze–thaw(F–T)cycles is crucial for the application of BFRP bar-reinforced concrete structures in cold *** this study,48 groups of pull-out specimens were designed to test the shear bond of the BFRP-concrete interface subjected to F–T *** effects of concrete strength,diameter,and embedment length of BFRP rebar were investigated under numerous F–T *** results showed that a larger diameter or longer embedment length of BFRP rebar resulted in lower interfacial shear bond behavior,such as interfacial bond strength,initial stiffness,and energy absorption,after the interface goes through F–T ***,higher concrete strength and fewer F–T cycles were beneficial for enhancing the interfacial bond ***,a three-dimensional(3D)interfacial model based on the finite element method was developed,and the interfacial bond behavior of the specimens was analyzed ***,a degradation bond strength subjected to F–T cycles was predicted by a proposed mechanical *** predictions were fully consistent with the tested *** model demonstrated accuracy in describing the shear bond behavior of the interface under numerous F–T cycles.

关键词： F-T cycle interface shear bond strength bond stress−slip curves bond degradation

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