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In situ adsorption-catalysis system for the removal of o-xylene over an activated carbon supported Pd catalyst

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Journal of environmental sciences 2009年第7期21卷 985-990页

作者： huang Shaoyong, ZHANG Changbin, HE Hong research center for eco-environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china. research center for eco-environmental sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

An activated carbon （AC） supported Pd catalyst was used to develop a highly efficient in situ adsorption-catalysis system for the removal of low concentrations of o-xylene. In this study, three kinds of Pd/AC catalysts were prepared and tested to investigate the synergistic efficiency between adsorption and catalysis for o-xylene removal. The Pd/AC catalyst was first used as an adsorbent to concentrate dilute o-xylene at low temperature. After saturated adsorption, the adsorbed o-xylene was oxidized to CO2 and H20 by raising the temperature of the catalyst bed. The results showed that more than 99% of the adsorbed o-xylene was completely oxidized to CO2 over a 5% Pd/AC catalyst at 140℃. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） analysis, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, temperatureprogrammed desorption （TPD）, and temperature-programmed oxidation （TPO） were applied to investigate the physical properties of o-xylene adsorption-desorption and the in situ adsorption-catalysis activity of the AC support and Pd/AC catalyst. A synergistic relationship between the AC support and the active Pd species for the removal of low concentrations of o-xylene was established.

关键词： in situ adsorption-catalysis Pd/AC volatile organic compounds

Treatment of black liquor from the papermaking industry by acidification and reuse

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Journal of environmental sciences 2003年第5期15卷 697-700页

作者： YANG Wen bo, MU huan zhen, huang Yan chu (research center for eco environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china. research center for eco-environmental sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 北京 100085

Two different kinds of black liquor from the papermaking industry were treated by acidification and reuse. The experimental parameters and conditions were discussed in detail. The experimental results indicated that the treatment process mentioned in this article is an effective process for the treatment of black liquor from the papermaking industry. By the treatment, the solid materials in black liquor are transferred into two by products and the other components are reused or evaporated. Thus, no wastewater except some condensation water would be discharged in pulping process and the problem of pollution of black liquor would be effectively solved.

关键词： black liquor acidification reuse lignin water reducing agent

Effects of ground-level ozone (O_3) pollution on the yields of rice and winter wheat in the Yangtze River Delta

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Journal of environmental sciences 2003年第3期15卷 360-362页

作者： FENG Zong-wei, JIN Ming-hong, ZHANG Fu-zhu, huang Yi-zong (research center for eco-environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing\ 100085, china.) research center for eco-environmental sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 北京 100085

Effects of elevated O_3 on the yields of rice and winter wheat were studied by using open-top chambers(OTCs). Results showed that compared to the control treatment, 200 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb treatments caused a 80.4%, 58.6% and 10.5% decrease in grain yields per winter wheat plant and a 49.1%, 26.1% and 8.2% decrease in grain yield per rice plant, respectively. According to the dose-response relation educed from OTCs experiment and the monitor data of O_3 concentrations in spots, it was estimated that the yield losses of rice and winter wheat resulted by O_3 pollution in the Yangtze River Delta region in 1999 were 0.599 million ton and 0.669 million ton, economic losses were 0.539 billion RMB Yuan and 0.936 billion RMB Yuan, respectively.

关键词： rice winter wheat O_3 Yangtze River Delta

Effects of maize root exudates and organic acids on the desorption of phenanthrene from soils

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Journal of environmental sciences 2009年第7期21卷 920-926页

作者： Zhu Yanhong, ZHANG Shuzhen, huang Honglin, WEN Bei State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and ecotoxicology, research center for eco-environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china. State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

The effects of maize root exudates and low-molecular-weight-organic anions （LMWOAs） on the desorption of phenanthrene from eight artificially contaminated soils were evaluated. A significant negative correlation was observed between the amounts of phenanthrene desorbed and the soil organic carbon （SOC） contents （P 〈 0.01）, and the influences of soil pH and clay content on phenanthrene desorption were insignificant （P 〉 0.1）. Neither maize root exudates nor oxalate and citrate anions influenced desorption of phenanthrene with the addition of NaN3. A faster phenanthrene desorption occurred without the addition of NaN3 in the presence of maize root exudates than oxalate or citrate due to the enhanced degradation by root exudates. Without the addition of NAN3, oxalate or citrate at different concentrations could inhibit phenanthrene desorption to different extents and the inhibiting effect by citrate was more significant than by oxalate. This study leads to the conclusion that maize root exudates can not enhance the desorption under abiotic condition with the addition of NaN3 and can promote the desorption of phenanthrene in soils without the addition of NaN3.

关键词： phenanthrene desorption low-molecular-weight-organic anions (LMWOAs) root exudates soils

Lack of nano size effect on electrochemistry of dopamine at a gold nanoparticle modified indium tin oxide electrode

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Science china.Chemistry 2010年第8期53卷 1778-1783页

作者： huang RongFu & GUO Liang-Hong State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and ecotoxicology research center for eco-environmental sciences,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100085,china State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and ecotoxicology research center for eco-environmental sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Nanometer sized materials have been shown to possess excellent chemical and electrochemical catalytic *** this work,a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode was employed for investigating its electro-catalytic *** was deposited on the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) modified ITO electrode by self-assembly,and was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and cyclic *** the electrochemical reaction of dopamine was very sluggish on the ITO/APTES electrode,it was significantly enhanced after AuNP *** cyclic voltammogram exhibited apparent dependence on the surface coverage of 11 nm AuNPs,which could be rationalized by different modes of mass *** the different sizes of AuNP investigated,the lowest anodic peak potential was observed on 11 nm ***,the potential was still about 50 mV more positive than that obtained on a bulk gold electrode of similar *** is therefore concluded that there is no nanometer size effect of AuNP modified ITO on the electrochemistry of dopamine.

关键词： gold nanoparticle dopamine electrocatalysis indium tin oxide

Effects of acid deposition on terrestrial ecosystems and their rehabilitation strategies in china

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Journal of environmental sciences 2002年第2期14卷 227-233页

作者： FENG Zong\|wei, MIAO Hong, ZHANG Fu\|zhu, huang Yi\|zong (research center for eco\|environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china. E\|mail: FZW@***) research center for eco-environmental sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 北京 100085

South china.has become the third largest region associated with acid deposition following Europe and North America, the area subject to damage by acid deposition increased from 1.75 million km 2 in 1985 to 2.8 million km 2 in 1993. Acid deposition has caused serious damage to ecosystem. Combined pollution of acid rain and SO 2 showed the obvious multiple effects on crops. Vegetable was more sensitive to acid deposition than foodstuff crops. Annual economic loss of crops due to acid deposition damage in eleven provinces of south china.was 4.26 billion RMB Yuan. Acid deposition caused serious damage to forest. Annual economic loss of wood volume was about 1.8 billion RMB Yuan and forest ecological benefit loss 16.2 billion in eleven provinces of south china. Acid deposition in south china.was typical “sulfuric acid type”. According to the thoughts of sustainable development, some strategies were brought forward as follows: (1) enhancing environmental management, specifying acid\|controlling region, controlling and abating the total emission amount of SO 2; (2) selecting practical energy technologies of clean coal, for example, cleansing and selecting coal, sulfur\|fixed\|type industrial briqutting, abating sulfur from waste gas and so on; (3) developing other energy sources to replace coal, including water electricity, atomic energy and the new energy such as solar energy, wind energy and so on; (4) in acid deposition region of south china. selecting acid\|resistant type of crop and tree to decrease agricultural losses, planting more green fertilizer crops, using organic fertilizers and liming, in order to improve buffer capacities of soil.

关键词： acid rain agriculture forestry economic loss rehabilitation strategies

Acidification and change of physicochemical properties of *** soils in last 34 years

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Journal of environmental sciences 1995年第3期7卷 346-351页

作者： Dai Zhaohua liu yunxia Wang XingJun Zhao Dianwu(research center for eco Environrnenlal sciences-chinese academy of sciences . beijing 100085 . china.

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ＡｃｉｄｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｃｈａｎｇｅｏｆｐｈｙｓｉｃｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆＭｔ．Ｈｅｎｇｓｏｉｌｓｉｎｌａｓｔ３４ｙｅａｒｓＤａｉＺｈａｏｈｕａ；ＬｉｕＹｕｎｘｉａ；ＷａｎｇＸｉｎｇＪｕｎ；ＺｈａｏＤｉａｎｗｕ（Ｒｅｓｅａ...

关键词： acidification: soil: acid rain acid fog.

environmental Soil Phosphorus Testing and Phosphorus Release in Taihu Lake,china

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Pedosphere 2004年第4期14卷 461-466页

作者： huangQing-hui WANGZi-Jian WANGDong-Hong： MAMei JINXiang-Can GraduateSchoolofthechineseacademyofsciences Beijing（China）

A microtiter plate assay (MPA) for soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) was applied to samples in overlying water and pore water as well as in three forms of environmental soil test phosphorus (P) types: water soluble phosphorus (WSP),diluted calcium chloride extractable phosphorus (PCaCl2), and Olsen-P in the sediments of Taihu Lake, china. where potential P release in response to pH was analyzed. MPA for rapid P analysis was shown to be promising when applied on samples of natural water and sediment extracts. Concentrations of WSP and PCaCl2 in the sediments were much lower than those of Olsen-P. Olsen-P levels in the littoral sediments along the north coast of Meiliang Bay in Taihu Lake (80to 140 mg kg-1) were much higher than those in the mouth of the bay (less than 50 mg kg-1). The risk of P release in the mouth area of Meiliang Bay was lower than that in the north littoral zone with a risk of sediment P release induced by pH increases.

关键词： bioavailability microplate phosphorus release risk

Features and distribution patterns of chinese endemic seed plant species

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第2期49卷 81-94页

作者： 1,2,3 Ji-Hong huang 1,4 Jian-hua CHEN 5 Jun-Sheng ying 1 Ke-Ping MA 1 (State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and environmental Change, Institute of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100093, china. 2 (Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china. 3 (center for Documentation and Information, Institute of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100093, china. 4 (Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, china. 5 (research center of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100093, china. (State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China) (center for Documentation and Information Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China) (research center of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China)

We compiled and identified a list of chinese endemic seed plant species based on a large number of published references and expert reviews. The characters of these seed plant species and their distribution patterns were described at length. china.is rich in endemic seed plants, with a total of 14 939 species (accounting for 52.1% of its total seed plant species) belonging to 1584 genera and 191 families. Temperate families and genera have a significantly higher proportion of endemism than cosmopolitan and tropical ones. The most primitive and derived groups have significantly higher endemism than the other groups. The endemism of tree, shrub, and liana or vine is higher than that of total species; in contrast, the endemism of herb is lower than that of total species. Geographically, these chinese endemic plants are mainly distributed in Yunnan and Sichuan provinces, southwest china. Species richness and proportion of these endemic plants decrease with increased latitude and have a unimodal response to altitude. The peak value of proportion of endemism is at higher altitudes than that of total species and endemic species richness. The proportions of endemic shrub, liana or vine, and herb increase with altitude and have a clear unimodal curve. In contrast, the proportion of tree increases with altitude, with a sudden increase at ～4000 m and has a completely different model. To date, our study provides the most comprehensive list of chinese endemic seed plant species and their basic composition and distribution features.

关键词： biodiversity conservation distribution pattern endemism flora of china seed plants.