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A real-time sensing system based on triboelectric nanogenerator for dynamic response of bridges

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第11期65卷 2723-2733页

作者： ZHANG He huang kangxu ZHOU YuHui SUN LiangFeng ZHANG ZhiCheng LUO JiKui College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Center for Balance Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China The Architectural Design&Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co.Ltd. Hangzhou 310063China College of Information Science&Electronic Enginering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

The strain of bridges under traffic loads is time-varying and of small amplitude(~10^(-6)),which is a type of cumulative response and needs long-term continuous *** precisely capture the time-varying responses,a dynamic strain triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)sensor with superior response capability,sensitivity,self-powered,and long-term stability is proposed in this *** analytical correlation between the structural strain response signal and the detected electrical signal is established for long-term continuous quantitative strain measurements based on the principles of contact electrification and electrostatic induction.A series of experiments are conducted to investigate the output performance of the proposed lateral-sliding mode TENG *** results reveal that,with the loading condition with frequencies lower than 10 Hz,the time-varying strain responses of the steel bridge within the range of 3 to 150 microstrains can also be detected with high precision of 0.1 *** it achieves long-term stability after 10000 loading cycles compared with commercial *** proposed novel sensing theory and method based on TENG technology can be applied as a new alternative approach for monitoring realtime structural strain information quantitatively with general applicability and feasibility for bridges.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator self-driven sensing quantitative sensing theory V-Q-εmodel dynamic strain monitoring of civil infrastructures

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Self-powered wireless environmental monitoring system for in-service bridges by galloping piezoelectric-triboelectric hybridized energy harvester

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1498-1509页

作者： huang kangxu WANG XiaoFei WANG Li ZHOU YuHui LIU FuHai CHANG ShiYuan ZHU JunTao ZHOU YuXuan ZHANG He LUO JiKui College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Anhui Transport Consulting&Design Institute Co. Ltd.Hefei230088China College of Electronics&Information Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou310018China Center for Balance Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China College of Information Science&Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

The energy harvesting technology for the ubiquitous natural wind enables a desirable solution to the issue of distributed sensors in the bridge environmental sensing Internet of Things(Io T)system being restricted to conventional energy *** this work,a self-powered system based on a compact galloping piezoelectric-triboelectric energy harvester(GPTEH)is developed to achieve efficient wind energy *** GPTEH is constructed on the prototype of a cantilever structure with piezoelectric macro-fiber composite(MFC)sheets and a rectangular bluff body with triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs).Through a special swing-type structural design with iron blocks inside the bluff body,the GPTEH exhibits preferable aerodynamic behavior and excellent energy conversion efficiency,compared to conventional cantilever kind of piezoelectric wind energy harvester(PWEH).The GPTEH also demonstrates the capability of high output power density(PEH of 23.65 W m^(-2)and TENG of 1.59 W m^(-2)),superior response wind speed(about 0.5 m s^(-1)),and excellent long-term stability(over 14000 cyclic tests).Furthermore,a power management system is developed to efficiently utilize the output energy from GPTEH to power the sensors and wirelessly transmit environmental data to the *** proposed GPTEH-powered system exhibits a great potential for the bridge environmental monitoring and Io T technologies.

关键词： self-powered hybrid nanogenerator triboelectric nanogenerator macro-fiber composite wireless environmental monitoring system

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路面压电俘能元件封装优化设计研究

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低温建筑技术 2019年第8期41卷 8-13页

作者：黄康旭蒋廷令浙江大学建筑工程学院杭州310058 浙江五洲工程项目管理有限公司杭州310000

文中基于制备简易、与道路环境相适性较好的设计原则,通过车辙试验仪,对比了三种不同封装方法下压电俘能元件的电学输出特性及使用情况,确定一种以MC尼龙和环氧树脂电子灌封胶为主要保护材料的路面压电俘能装置,该装置在MTS机1Hz、72kN... 详细信息

文中基于制备简易、与道路环境相适性较好的设计原则,通过车辙试验仪,对比了三种不同封装方法下压电俘能元件的电学输出特性及使用情况,确定一种以MC尼龙和环氧树脂电子灌封胶为主要保护材料的路面压电俘能装置,该装置在MTS机1Hz、72kN的荷载作用下,变形值最大仅为0.398mm,小于高速公路最大弯沉值1.5mm的要求。最后对比分析了国内外几种典型的封装方式,文中所提出的封装方案具有较高的推广应用价值。

关键词：压电俘能元件车辙实验仪封装优化设计 MTS试验机

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Quickly obtaining densely dispersed coherent particles in steel matrix and its related mechanical property

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 111-118页

作者： Xiaoxiao Wang Qingsong huang School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Densely distributed coherent nanoparticles(DCN)in steel matrix can enhance the work-hardening ability and ductility of steel *** the routes to this end can be generally classified into the liquid-solid route and the solid-solid ***,the formation of DCN structures in steel requires long processes and complex *** far,obtaining steel with coherent particle enhancement in a short time remains a bottleneck,and some necessary steps remain ***,we show a high-efficiency liquid-phase refining process reinforced by a dynamic magnetic ***-Y-Mn-O particles had an average size of around(3.53±1.21)nm and can be obtained in just around 180 *** small nanoparticles were coherent with the matrix,implying no accumulated dislocations between the particles and the steel *** findings have a potential application for improving material machining capacity,creep resistance,and radiation resistance.

关键词： ferritic steels coherent particles microstructure compression test work hardening

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Economic effect of China's carbon neutrality target under shared socioeconomic pathways

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 142-157页

作者： Zemiao LIU Xianjin huang Xinxian QI School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing University Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality and Territory Optimization Ministry of Natural Resources Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing University

Economic feasibility is crucial for achieving the carbon neutrality target. However, current integrated assessments often underestimate the economic impacts of mitigation policies due to the lack of consideration of their economic benefits. This study integrates a warming-labour productivity model with a typical integrated assessment model using shared socioeconomic pathways. It simulates China's economic development and carbon emission levels under both baseline and carbon-neutral policy scenarios, evaluating the economic costs and benefits of emission reduction policies aimed at achieving carbon neutrality. These findings reveal the following:(1) The economic costs of emission reduction policies are projected to peak between 2050 and 2060, ranging from 0.41% to 9.37% of total GDP in the baseline scenario, primarily due to increased energy prices and R&D investments. These costs are expected to decline rapidly after 2070.(2) China's carbon-neutral policies will mitigate global warming, with the economic benefits of mitigation projected to reach 5.65% to 17.24% of China's total GDP by 2100.(3) Lowcarbon scenarios SSP1 and SSP4 could significantly reduce initial economic costs and advance the onset of net economic gains to 2060. This integrated assessment confirms that China's carbon neutrality target offers substantial net economic benefits in the long term. To minimize initial economic costs, efforts should focus on enhancing consumption-side transitions, upgrading lowcarbon technologies, and adopting new energy sources.

关键词： Climate change China Carbon neutrality Economic effects Policy

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Tectonic modes of mantle convection and their implications for Earth's tectonic evolution based on three-dimensional numerical simulations

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 270-296页

作者： Song XIANG Jinshui huang Bingcheng WU School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center of Excellence in Comparative Planetary Studies

Five tectonic modes of mantle convection are obtained and analyzed with three-dimensional numerical models in a spherical shell domain. The five tectonic convective modes are non-plate mobile-lid, plate-like mobile-lid, episodic plate-like mobile-lid, episodic stagnant-lid, and stagnant-lid convective modes, respectively. The typical characteristics of these five tectonic modes and their numerical classification criteria based on plateness, mobility, and their standard deviations are presented and discussed. The results show that the yield stress of the lithosphere has profound effects on the tectonic convective *** the gradual increase of yield stress, the tectonic mode of mantle convection changes from one to another sequentially through the aforementioned five modes. Additionally, as the Rayleigh number increases, the range of yield stress for the platelike mobile-lid convective mode decreases, and the dimensionless transition stress between different tectonic modes ***, the dimensional transition stress between the non-plate mobile-lid convective mode and plate-like mobile-lid convective mode increases with the increase of Rayleigh number, but decreases between other tectonic modes. Furthermore, we find that the transition stress between different tectonic modes is inversely proportional to the internal heating rate, with the transition stress decreasing as the internal heating rate increases. The fitting analysis of the transition stress between tectonic modes shows that Earth's current plate tectonics correspond to a lithospheric yield stress of 150–250 MPa, which aligns with the strength of serpentinized mantle rock determined by experimental petrography. If the Archean mantle was 300°C warmer than it is today, then the Earth was in an episodic stagnant-lid convective mode. The tectonic evolution of the Earth's surface is closely related to the lithospheric strength and the process of thermal evolution. If the lithospheric strength w

关键词： Tectonic mode of mantle convection Plate-like mobile-lid convection Episodic plate-like mobile-lid convection Episodic stagnant-lid convection Plate tectonics and tectonic evolution of the Earth

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Local-contrastive-learning machine with both generalization and adversarial robustness: A statistical physics analysis

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 109-123页

作者： Mingshan Xie Yuchen Wang Haiping huang PMI Lab School of Physics Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices Sun Yat-sen University

Distinct from human cognitive processing, deep neural networks trained by backpropagation can be easily fooled by adversarial examples. To design a semantically meaningful representation learning, we discard backpropagation, and instead, propose a local contrastive learning, where the representations for the inputs bearing the same label shrink(akin to boson) in hidden layers,while those of different labels repel(akin to fermion). This layer-wise learning is local in nature, being biologically plausible.A statistical mechanics analysis shows that the target fermion-pair-distance is a key parameter. Moreover, the application of this local contrastive learning to MNIST benchmark dataset demonstrates that the adversarial vulnerability of standard perceptron can be greatly mitigated by tuning the target distance, i.e., controlling the geometric separation of prototype manifolds.

关键词： machine learning statistical mechanics adversarial robustness neural networks

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Neuropeptide cholecystokinin:a key neuromodulator for hippocampal functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1991-1992页

作者： Fengwen huang Stephen Temitayo Bello Department of Neuroscience City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Regenerative Medicine and Health Hong Kong Institute of Science&InnovationChinese Academy of SciencesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Spatial memory is crucial for survival within external surroundings and wild *** hippocampus,a critical hub for spatial learning and memory formation,has received extensive investigations on how neuromodulators shape its functions(Teixeira et al.,2018;Zhang et al.,2024).However,the landscape of neuromodulations in the hippocampal system remains poorly understood because most studies focus on classical monoamine neuromodulators,such as acetylcholine,serotonin,dopamine,and *** neuropeptides,comprising the most abundant neuromodulators in the central nervous system,play a pivotal role in neural information processing in the hippocampal ***(CCK),one of the most abundant neuropeptides,has been implicated in regulating various physiological and neurobiological statuses(Chen et al.,2019).CCK-A receptor(CCK-AR)and CCK-B receptors(CCK-BR)are two key receptors mediating the biological functions of CCK,both of which belong to class-A sevenfold transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors(Nishimura et al.,2015).CCK-AR preferentially reacts to sulfated CCK,whereas CCK-BR binds both CCK and gastrin with similar affinities(Ding et al.,2022).The expression patterns of CCK-AR and CCK-BR are distinct,implying that CCK has various functions in target *** instance,CCK-AR is widely expressed in the GI and brain subregions and is hence implicated in the control of digestive function and satiety ***,CCK-BR is abundantly and widely distributed in the central nervous system,which majorly regulates anxiety,learning,and memory(Ding et al.,2022).However,the roles of endogenous CCK and CCK receptors in regulating hippocampal function at electrophysiological and behavioral levels have received less attention.

关键词： abundant functions modulator

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The role of axon guidance molecules in the pathogenesis of epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1244-1257页

作者： Zheng Liu Chunhua Pan Hao huang Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Current treatments for epilepsy can only manage the symptoms of the condition but cannot alter the initial onset or halt the progression of the disease. Consequently, it is crucial to identify drugs that can target novel cellular and molecular mechanisms and mechanisms of action. Increasing evidence suggests that axon guidance molecules play a role in the structural and functional modifications of neural networks and that the dysregulation of these molecules is associated with epilepsy susceptibility. In this review, we discuss the essential role of axon guidance molecules in neuronal activity in patients with epilepsy as well as the impact of these molecules on synaptic plasticity and brain tissue remodeling. Furthermore, we examine the relationship between axon guidance molecules and neuroinflammation, as well as the structural changes in specific brain regions that contribute to the development of epilepsy. Ample evidence indicates that axon guidance molecules, including semaphorins and ephrins, play a fundamental role in guiding axon growth and the establishment of synaptic connections. Deviations in their expression or function can disrupt neuronal connections, ultimately leading to epileptic seizures. The remodeling of neural networks is a significant characteristic of epilepsy, with axon guidance molecules playing a role in the dynamic reorganization of neural circuits. This, in turn, affects synapse formation and elimination. Dysregulation of these molecules can upset the delicate balance between excitation and inhibition within a neural network, thereby increasing the risk of overexcitation and the development of epilepsy. Inflammatory signals can regulate the expression and function of axon guidance molecules, thus influencing axonal growth, axon orientation, and synaptic plasticity. The dysregulation of neuroinflammation can intensify neuronal dysfunction and contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy. This review delves into the mechanisms associated with

关键词： axon guidance drug-resistant epilepsy epilepsy nerve regeneration nervous system diseases neural pathways neuroinflammatory diseases neuronal plasticity neurons synaptic remodeling

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Toward Analytical Homogenized Relaxation Modulus for Fibrous Composite Material with Reduced Order Homogenization Method

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 193-222页

作者： Huilin Jia Shanqiao huang Zifeng Yuan HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and Technology(CAPT)Department of Mechanics and Engineering SciencePeking UniversityBeijing100871China State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

In this manuscript,we propose an analytical equivalent linear viscoelastic constitutive model for fiber-reinforced composites,bypassing general computational *** method is based on the reduced-order homogenization(ROH)*** ROH method typically involves solving multiple finite element problems under periodic conditions to evaluate elastic strain and eigenstrain influence functions in an‘off-line’stage,which offers substantial cost savings compared to direct computational homogenization *** to the unique structure of the fibrous unit cell,“off-line”stage calculation can be eliminated by influence functions obtained *** the standard solid model to the ROH method enables the creation of a comprehensive analytical homogeneous viscoelastic constitutive *** method treats fibrous composite materials as homogeneous,anisotropic viscoelastic materials,significantly reducing computational time due to its analytical *** approach also enables precise determination of a homogenized anisotropic relaxation modulus and accurate capture of various viscoelastic responses under different loading *** sets of numerical examples,including unit cell tests,three-point beam bending tests,and torsion tests,are given to demonstrate the predictive performance of the homogenized viscoelastic ***,the model is validated against experimental measurements,confirming its accuracy and reliability.

关键词： Homogenized relaxation modulus viscoelastic standard solid model reduced order homogenization fibrous composite material

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