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Initiation,organizational modes and environmental conditions of severe convective wind events during the warm season over North china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2876-2894页

作者： Yue huang jianhua SUN Yuanchun zhang Ruoyun MA Xinlin YANG Fuyou TIAN Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation physics and Severe Storms(LACS) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China university of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Earth System Modeling and Prediction Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China College of Aviation Meteorology Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan 618307China National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Based on the significant weather report,CG lightning,composite radar reflectivity,and ERA5 reanalysis data,we first studied the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of four types(only severe convective wind(SCW);SCW and hail;SCW and short-duration heavy rainfall(SDHR);and SCW,hail,and SDHR)of convective weather events related to SCW during the warm season(May to September)from 2.11 to 2.18 in North ***,severe convective cases producing SCW were selected to statistically analyze the initiation,decay,lifetime,and organizational characteristics of convective ***,using ERA5 reanalysis data and conventional surface observation data,preconvective soundings were constructed to explore the differences in environmental conditions for initiating convective systems between SCW and *** results indicate that mixed-type of SCW and SDHR events occur more frequently over plains,while other types of convective weather occur more frequently over *** frequency peak of SCW occurs in June,while mixed convective weather peaks in *** initiation time of convective systems is concentrated between 1000 and 1300 BST,with a peak at 1200 *** mountains,the daily peaks of ordinary and significant SCW generally occur at 1700-1800 BST and 1600-1700 BST,respectively,while over plains,the peak of ordinary SCW typically lags behind that of mountains by 1-2 ***,SCW systems are mainly initiated over mountains,with most lifetimes lasting 7–13 *** convective systems produce the most SCW events,followed by trailing-stratiform convective *** convective available potential energy(CAPE),downdraft convective available potential energy,and the temperature difference between 850 and 500 hPa can all distinguish between SCW systems and non-SCW systems occurring over *** to non-SCW convective systems,SCW convective systems over mountains are more likely to occur in environments with less precipitable water,while S

关键词： Severe convective wind Convective systems Initiation Organizational modes Environmental conditions

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Observation of modulated spontaneous emission of Rhodamine 6G in low refractive index contrast 1D-periodic gelatin film

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中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学英文版 2010年第1期53卷 54-58页

作者： LI Wei 1 , zhang XinZheng 1 , WANG ZhenHua 1 , WU Qiang 1 , LIU LongChang 1 , XU JingJun 1 & Tang BaiQuan 2.1 The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied physics school, nankai university, tianjin 300457, china 2 school of physics, nankai university, tianjin 300071, china The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics TEDA Applied Physics School Nankai University Tianjin China school of physics Nankai University Tianjin China

The modulation of the spontaneous emission of Rhodamine 6G has been observed in one-dimensional periodic dielectric structure of dichromated gelatin film with refractive index contrast as low as 0.01. The spontaneous emission is enhanced at the band edges and inhibits in the band gap, which agree well with the theoretical analysis on the redistribution of the fractional local density of optical states.

关键词： density of states refractive index contrast spontaneous emission

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Micro-particle deposition and lobar distribution of mass flow in human upper respiratory tract model

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Science Bulletin 2011年第Z1期 380-385页

作者： huang jianhua1 & zhang lianzhong1,2.1 school of physics,nankai university,tianjin 300071,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710075,china

A representative human upper respiratory tract model consisting of oropharyngeal and asymmetric tracheobronchial(TB) airways from the trachea(G0) to the main lobar bronchi(G2) was constructed. Laminar-to-turbulent airflow for typical inhalation modes as well as micro-particle transportation,wall deposition and mass flow to lobes was simulated using the CFX10.0 software from Ansys Inc. The numerical particle deposition efficiency of the oropharynx region and two generations(G1 and G2) of TB airways shows great agreement with the experimental data obtained from realistic casts. The particle deposition pattern indicates that inertial impaction is the primary mechanism in the human upper airway,and turbulence dispersion performs crescent influence especially for small particles. The initial positions of particles with different fates are confined to specifically concentrated zones. The particle mass distributions of five lobes are close to airflow distributions. The upper lobes receive fewer particles than lower lobes and the right middle lobe receives the least.

关键词： upper respiratory tract asymmetric tracheobronchial airways transportation and deposition lobar differences computational fluid dynamics simulation

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Modulating the electrode–electrolyte interface enables switchable selectivity in electrocatalytic furfural reduction

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Science china Chemistry 2024年第10期67卷 3193-3194页

作者： Jingfang zhang Yi huang Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering&PharmacyWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China College of Chemistry Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China

Furfural(FF),an important bio-based platform molecule,can be valorized to high-value-added chemicals(e.g.,furfuryl alcohol(FA)or 2-methylfuran(MF))through catalytic hydrogenation[1].The traditional thermocatalytic transformation of FF always requires high-temperature and highpressure conditions[2].Accordingly,electrocatalytic hydrogenation is emerging as a promising approach for the selective reduction of FF to FA or MF under environmentally friendly and benign conditions.

关键词： hydrogenation electrolyte selectivity

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Integrated analyses of transcriptomics and network pharmacology reveal leukocyte characteristics and functional changes in subthreshold depression,elucidating the curative mechanism of Danzhi Xiaoyao powder

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第1期11卷 3-20页

作者： Kunyu Li Leiming You jianhua Zhen Guangrui huang Ting Wang Yanan Cai Yunan zhang Anlong Xu school of Life Sciences Bejing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 102488China school of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006Chin

Objective:To investigate the molecular mechanism and identify potential drugs for subthreshold depression(SD),and elucidate the detalied mechanism of Danzhi Xiaoyao powder(DZXY)in ***:Using RNA-sequencing,we identified differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in leukocytes of SD compared to healthy controls,deciphered their functions and pathways,and identified the hub genes of *** also assessed changes in leukocyte transcription factor activity in patients with SD using the TELis *** Connectivity Map database was retrieved to screen candidate drugs for *** on network pharmacology,we elucidated the"multi-component,multi-target,and multi-pathway"mechanism of DZXY in the treatment of ***:We identified 1080 DEGs(padj1&protein coding)in the leukocytes of patients with *** DEGs,including hub genes,were primarily involved in immune and inflammatory response-related *** factor activity analysis revealed similarities between the leukocyte transcriptome profile in SD and the conserved transcriptional response to adversities in immune *** Map analysis identified 28 potential drugs for SD treatment,particularly SB-202190 and *** the"Direct Compounds-Direct Targets-Pathways"network for DZXY and SD revealed the curative mechanisms of DZXY in SD,primarily including inflammatory response,lipid metabolism,immune response,and other ***:These results provide new insights into the characteristics and functional changes of leukocytes in SD,partially illustrate the pathogenesis of SD,and suggest potential drugs for *** curative mechanisms of DZXY in SD are also partially elucidated.

关键词： Subthreshold depression Leukocyte mRNAbiomarker CTRA Transcription factor activity CMap Danzhi Xiaoyaopowder Networkpharmacology

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Dilute Aqueous-Aprotic Electrolyte Towards Robust Zn-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor with High Operation Voltage and Long Lifespan

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 1-12页

作者： Shuilin Wu Yibing Yang Mingzi Sun Tian zhang Shaozhuan huang Daohong zhang Bolong huang Pengfei Wang Wenjun zhang Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education&Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science South-Central Minzu UniversityWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Center of Super‑Diamond and Advanced FilmsCity University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon TongHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China

With the merits of the high energy density of batteries and power density of supercapacitors,the aqueous Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors emerge as a promising candidate for applications where both rapid energy delivery and moderate energy storage are ***,the narrow electrochemical window of aqueous electrolytes induces severe side reactions on the Zn metal anode and shortens its *** also limits the operation voltage and energy density of the Zn-ion hybrid ***'water in salt'electrolytes can effectively broaden their electrochemical windows,but this is at the expense of high cost,low ionic conductivity,and narrow temperature compatibility,compromising the electrochemical performance of the Zn-ion hybrid ***,designing a new electrolyte to balance these factors towards high-performance Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors is urgent and *** developed a dilute water/acetonitrile electrolyte(0.5 m Zn(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(2)+1 m LiTFSI-H_(2)O/AN)for Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors,which simultaneously exhibited expanded electrochemical window,decent ionic conductivity,and broad temperature *** this electrolyte,the hydration shells and hydrogen bonds are significantly modulated by the acetonitrile and *** a result,a Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor with such an electrolyte demonstrates a high operating voltage up to 2.2 V and long lifespan beyond 120,000 cycles.

关键词： Zn-ion supercapacitors Zn metal anode Electrolyte engineering Hydrogen bonds Solvation structures

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Faster structured illumination microscopy using complementary encoding-based compressive imaging

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 740-748页

作者： ZHENGQI huang YUNHUA YAO YILIN HE YU HE CHENGZHI JIN MENGDI GUO DALONG QI lianzhong DENG ZHENRONG SUN ZHIYONG WANG SHIAN zhang State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy School of Physics and Electronic ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China school of Mathematical Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Joint Research Center of Light Manipulation Science and Photonic Integrated Chip of East china Normal university and Shandong Normal university East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) has been widely applied to investigate intricate biological dynamics due to its outstanding super-resolution imaging speed. Incorporating compressive sensing into SIM brings the possibility to further improve the super-resolution imaging speed. Nevertheless, the recovery of the superresolution information from the compressed measurement remains challenging in experiments. Here, we report structured illumination microscopy with complementary encoding-based compressive imaging (CECI-SIM) to realize faster super-resolution imaging. Compared to the nine measurements to obtain a super-resolution image in a conventional SIM, CECI-SIM can achieve a super-resolution image by three measurements;therefore, a threefold improvement in the imaging speed can be achieved. This faster imaging ability in CECI-SIM is experimentally verified by observing tubulin and actin in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. This work provides a feasible solution for high-speed super-resolution imaging, which would bring significant applications in biomedical research.

关键词： illumination complementary faster

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Antibacterial and cytotoxic metabolites produced by Streptomyces tanashiensis BYF-112 isolated from Odontotermes formosanus

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第9期22卷 822-830页

作者： WU Jun SONG Tao zhang Le huang Zhongdi huang Fang YIN Caiping zhang Shuxiang LIU Xinhua zhang Yinglao school of Life Science Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China school of Pharmacy Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230036China

Chemical investigations of the termite-associated Streptomyces tanashiensis BYF-112 resulted in the discovery of four novel alkaloid derivatives: vegfrecines A and B(1 and 2), exfoliazone A(3), and venezueline H(7), in addition to nine known metabolites(4-6, 8-13). The structures of these compounds were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison with existing literature data. Antibacterial assays revealed that viridomycin A(11) exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with a zone of inhibition(ZOI) of 12.67 mm, in comparison to a ZOI of 17.67 mm for the positive control gentamicin sulfate. Viridomycin A(11) showed moderate activity against Micrococcus tetragenus and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidae, with ZOI values of 15.50 and 14.33 mm, respectively, which were inferior to those of gentamicin sulfate(34.67 and 24.00mm). Viridomycin F(12) also exhibited moderate antibacterial effects against S. aureus, M. tetragenus, and P. syringae pv. actinidae,with ZOI values of 8.33, 16.50, and 10.83 mm, respectively. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that viridobruunine A(5), exfoliazone(6), viridomycin A(11), and X-14881E(13) exhibited significant cytotoxicity against human malignant melanoma(A375), ovarian cancer(SKOV-3), and gastric cancer(MGC-803) cell lines, with IC_(50) values ranging from 4.61 to 19.28 μmol·L^(-1). Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis of the complete genome of S. tanashiensis suggested a putative biosynthetic gene cluster(BGC) responsible for the production of compounds 1-12. These findings indicate that the secondary metabolites of insect-associated S. tanashiensis BYF-112hold promise as potential sources of novel antibacterial and anticancer agents.

关键词： Odontotermes formosanus Streptomyces tanashiensis Alkaloid Cytotoxic activity Antibacterial activity Biosynthetic pathway

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Numerical simulation of micro-particle deposition in a realistic human upper respiratory tract model during transient breathing cycle

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Particuology 2011年第4期9卷 424-431页

作者： jianhua huang lianzhong zhang Jiangsu Xuzhou Construction Machinery Research Institute XCMG Co. Ltd. Xuzhou 221004 China school of physics Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi' an 710075 China

An more reliable human upper respiratory tract model that consisted of an oropharynx and four generations of asymmetric tracheo-bronchial （TB） airways has been constructed to investigate the micro-particle deposition pattern and mass distribution in five lobes under steady inspiratory condition in former work by huang and zhang （2.11 ）. In the present work, transient airflow patterns and particle deposition during both inspiratory and expiratory processes were numerically simulated in the realistic human upper respiratory tract model with 14 cartilaginous rings （CRs） in the tracheal tube. The present model was validated under steady inspiratory flow rates by comparing current results with the theoretical models and pub- lished experimental data. The transient deposition fraction was found to strongly depend on breathing flow rate and particle diameter but slightly on turbulence intensity. Particles were mainly distributed in the high axial speed zones and traveled basically following the secondary flow. ＂Hot spots＂ of deposition were found in the lower portion of mouth cavity and posterior wall of pharynx/larynx during inspiration, but transferred to upper portion of mouth and interior wall of pharynx/larynx during expiration. The deposition fraction in the trachea during expiration was found to be much higher than that during inspiration because of the stronger secondary flow.

关键词： Human upper respiratory tract Transient breathing cycle Airflow pattern Micro-particle deposition

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Sodium Nitrate/Formamide Deep Eutectic Solvent as Flame-Retardant and Anticorrosive Electrolyte Enabling 2.6 V Safe Supercapacitors with Long Cyclic Stability

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 374-383页

作者： Huachao Yang Yiheng Qi Zifan Wang Qinghu Pan Chuanzhi zhang jianhua Yan Kefa Cen Zheng Bo Kostya(Ken)Ostrikov State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou Zhejiang 310027China school of Chemistry and physics and QUT Centre for Materials Science Queensland University of Technology(QUT)Brisbane QLD 4000Australia

Safe operation of electrochemical capacitors(supercapacitors)is hindered by the flammability of commercial organic ***-flammable Water-in-Salt(WIS)electrolytes are promising alternatives;however,they are plagued by the limited operation voltage window(typically≤2.3 V)and inherent corrosion of current ***,a novel deep eutectic solvent(DES)-based electrolyte which uses formamide(FMD)as hydrogen-bond donor and sodium nitrate(NaNO_(3))as hydrogen-bond acceptor is *** electrolyte exhibits the wide electrochemical stability window(3.14 V),high electrical conductivity(14.01 mScm^(-1)),good flame-retardance,anticorrosive property,and ultralow cost(7%of the commercial electrolyte and 2%of WIS).Raman spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory calculations reveal that the hydrogen bonds between the FMD molecules and NO_(3)^(-)ions are primarily responsible for the superior stability and *** developed NaNO_(3)/FMD-based coin cell supercapacitor is among the best-performing state-of-art DES and WIS devices,evidenced by the high voltage window(2.6 V),outstanding energy and power densities(22.77 Wh kg^(-1)at 630 W kg^(-1)and 17.37 kW kg^(-1)at 12.55 Wh kg^(-1)),ultralong cyclic stability(86%after 30000 cycles),and negligible current collector *** NaNO_(3)/FMD industry adoption potential is demonstrated by fabricating 100 F pouch cell supercapacitors using commercial aluminum current collectors.

关键词： cyclic stability deep eutectic solvents electrical conductivity electrochemical stability window supercapacitors

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