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Is it necessary to use the entire root as a donor when transferring contralateral C7 nerve to repair median nerve？

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第1期13卷 94-99页

作者： kai-ming Gao Jie Lao Wen-jie Guan Jing-jing hu Department of Hand Surgery Huashan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction Ministry of Health Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery Shanghai China Nursing Department Huashan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China

If a partial contralateral C7 nerve is transferred to a recipient injured nerve, results are not satisfactory. However, if an entire contralateral C7 nerve is used to repair two nerves, both recipient nerves show good recovery. These findings seem contradictory, as the above two methods use the same donor nerve, only the cutting method of the contralateral C7 nerve is different. To verify whether this can actually result in different repair effects, we divided rats with right total brachial plexus injury into three groups. In the entire root group, the entire contralateral C7 root was transected and transferred to the median nerve of the affected limb. In the posterior division group, only the posterior division of the contralateral C7 root was transected and transferred to the median nerve. In the entire root ＋ posterior division group, the entire contralateral C7 root was transected but only the posterior division was transferred to the median nerve. After neurectomy,the median nerve was repaired on the affected side in the three groups. At 8, 12, and 16 weeks postoperatively, electrophysiological examination showed that maximum amplitude, latency, muscle tetanic contraction force, and muscle fiber cross-sectional area of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle were significantly better in the entire root and entire root ＋ posterior division groups than in the posterior division group. No significant difference was found between the entire root and entire root ＋ posterior division groups. Counts of myelinated axons in the median nerve were greater in the entire root group than in the entire root ＋ posterior division group, which were greater than the posterior division group. We conclude that for the same recipient nerve, harvesting of the entire contralateral C7 root achieved significantly better recovery than partial harvesting, even if only part of the entire root was used for transfer. This result indicates that the entire root should be used as a dono

关键词： nerve regeneration peripheral nerve injury brachial plexus injury avulsion injury contralateral C7 transfer nerve root entire root partial root median nerve ulnar nerve animal experiment neural regeneration

Surface Temperature Changes Projected by FGOALS Models under Low Warming Scenarios in CMIP5 and CMIP6

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第2期38卷 203-220页

作者： Shang-Min LONG kai-ming hu Gen LI Gang huANG Xia QU Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting Ministry of Natural ResourcesHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics and Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

To meet the low warming targets proposed in the 2015 Paris Agreement,substantial reduction in carbon emissions is needed in the *** is important to know how surface climates respond under low warming *** present study investigates the surface temperature changes under the low-forcing scenario of Representative Concentration Pathways(RCP2.6)and its updated version(Shared Socioeconomic Pathways,SSP1-2.6)by the Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System(FGOALS)models participating in phases 5 and 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP5 and CMIP6,respectively).In both scenarios,radiative forcing(RF)first increases to a peak of 3 W m^−2 around 2045 and then decreases to 2.6 W m^−2 by *** mean surface air temperature rises in all FGOALS models when RF increases(RF increasing stage)and declines or holds nearly constant when RF decreases(RF decreasing stage).The surface temperature change is distinct in its sign and magnitude between the RF increasing and decreasing stages over the land,Arctic,North Atlantic subpolar region,and Southern ***,the regional surface temperature change pattern displays pronounced model-to-model spread during both the RF increasing and decreasing stages,mainly due to large intermodel differences in climatological surface temperature,ice-albedo feedback,natural variability,and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation *** pattern of tropical precipitation change is generally anchored by the spatial variations of relative surface temperature change(deviations from the tropical mean value)in the FGOALS ***,the projected changes in the updated FGOALS models are closer to the multi-model ensemble mean results than their predecessors,suggesting that there are noticeable improvements in the future projections of FGOALS models from CMIP5 to CMIP6.

关键词： surface temperature low warming targets Arctic amplification AMOC Southern Ocean

Microstructure recognition of steels by machine learning based on visual attention mechanism

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第4期31卷 909-923页

作者： Xing-yu Chen Lin Cheng Cheng-yang hu Yu-peng Zhang kai-ming Wu The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science on Metallurgical ProcessingInternational Research Institute for Steel TechnologyCollaborative Center on Advanced SteelsWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Metals Valley and Band(Foshan)Metallic Composite Materials Co. Ltd.Foshan 528000GuangdongChina

U-Net has achieved good performance with the small-scale datasets through skip connections to merge the features of the low-level layers and high-level layers and has been widely utilized in biomedical image segmentation as well as recent microstructure image segregation of the *** representative visual attention mechanism modules,named as squeeze-and-excitation networks,convolutional block attention module,and extended calibration algorithm,were intro-duced into the traditional U-Net architecture to further improve the prediction *** is found that compared with the original U-Net architecture,the evaluation index of the improved U-Net architecture has been significantly improved for the microstructure segmentation of the steels with the ferrite/martensite composite microstructure and pearlite/ferrite composite microstructure and the complex martensite/austenite island/bainite microstructure,which demonstrates the advantages of the utilization of the visual attention mechanism in the microstructure *** reasons for the accuracy improvement were discussed based on the feature maps analysis.

关键词： Microstructure recognition-Steel Machine learning Visual attention mechanism Visualization

Stability analysis unit and spatial distribution pattern of the terrain texture in the northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第3期15卷 577-589页

作者： DING hu NA Jia-ming huANG Xiao-li TANG Guo-an LIU kai Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Ministry of Education) Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023 China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province) Nanjing 210023 China Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

Terrain texture analysis is an important method of digital terrain analysis in quantitative geomorphological research and in the exploration of the spatial heterogeneity and autocorrelation of terrain features. However, a major issue often neglected in previous studies is the calculation unit of the terrain texture, that is, the stability analysis unit. As the test size increases, the derived terrain textures become increasingly similar so that their differences can be ignored. The test size of terrain texture is defined as the stability analysis unit. This study randomly selected 48 areas within the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi in China as the study sites and used the gray level co-occurrence matrix to calculate the terrain texture. The stability analysis unit of the terrain texture was then extracted, and its spatial distribution pattern in the Loess Plateau was studiedusing spatial interpolation method. Four terrain texture metrics, i.e., homogeneity, energy, correlation, and contrast, were extracted on the basis of the stability analysis unit, and the spatial variation patterns of these parameters were studied. Results showed that the spatial distribution pattern and the terrain texture metrics reflected a trend of high–low–high from north to south, which correlated with the spatial distribution of the landforms at the Loess Plateau. In addition, the terrain texture measures was significantly correlated with the terrain factors of gully density and slope, and this relationship showed that terrain texture measures based on the stability analysis unit could reflect the basic characteristics of terrain morphology. The stability analysis unit provided a reasonable analytical scale for terrain texture analysis and could be used as a measure of the regional topography to accurately describe basic terrain characteristics.

关键词： Digital terrain analysis Terrain texture Stability analysis unit Spatial distribution Loess Plateau

Synthesis of a new aromatic dianhydride monomer and related polyimide

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第2期20卷 229-230页

作者： Yun Xia Wei ming Guang Ma Guo hu Zhao Sheng Ying Li ming kai Chen College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Lanzhou City University Lanzhou 730070 China Department of Chemistry Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

A novel aromatic dianhydride monomer, 3,3′-oxybis[（3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy）phenol] dianhydride, was successfully synthe- sized in three steps using 3,3′-oxybis（phenol） as starting material, which was reacted with 4,4′-oxydianiline （ODA） via a conventional thermal or chemical imidization method to produce a new polyimide. The resulting polyimide exhibited excellent solubility, and film-forming capability.

关键词： Polyimidc Dianhydridc Solubility

Transformation method and wave control

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第6期26卷 889-898页

作者： Zheng Chang Jin hu Geng-kai hu School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology 100081 BeijingChina School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology100081 BeijingChina

Transformation method provides an efficient way to control wave propagation by *** transformed relations for field and material during a transformation are essential to fulfill this *** propose a systematic method to derive the transformed relations for a general physic process,the constraint conditions are obtained by considering geometrical and physical constraint during a mapping. The proposed method is applied to Navier＇s equation for elastodynamics,Helmholtz＇s equation for acoustic wave and Maxwell＇s equation for electromagnetic wave,the corresponding transformed relations are derived,which can be used in the framework of transformation method for wave *** show that contrary to electromagnetic wave,the transformed relations are not uniquely determined for elastic wave and acoustic wave,so we have a freedom to choose them *** the obtained transformed relations,we also provide some examples for device design,a concentrator for elastic wave,devices for illusion acoustic and illusion optics are conceived and validated by numerical simulations.

关键词： Wave control Elastic wave Acoustic wave Electromagnetic wave Local affine transformation

Schubert Class and Cyclotomic NilHecke Algebras

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Algebra Colloquium 2021年第3期28卷 379-398页

作者： kai Zhou Jun hu School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Mathematics and Statistics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081China

Let l and n be positive integers such that l≥n,and let Gn,l be the Grassmannian which consists of the set of n-dimensionsil subspaces of C^(l),There is a Z-graded algebra isomorphism between the cohomology H*(Gn,l,Z)of Gn,l and a natural Z-form B of the Z-graded basic algebra of the type A cyclotomic nilHecke algebraH^(0)l,n=.We show that the isomorphism can be chosen such that the image of each(geometrically defined)Schubert class(a1,...,an)coincides with the basis element bλconstructed by hu and Liang by purely algebraic method,where 0≤q1≤q2≤…≤an≤l-n with ai∈Z for each i,andλis the l-€-multipartition of n associated to(l+1-(an+n),l+1-(an-1+n-),...,l+1-(a1+1)).A similar correspondence between the Schubert class basis of the cohomology of the Grassmanni-an Gl-n,l and the bλ's basis(λis anl-multipartition of n with each component being either(1)or empty)of the natural Z-form B of the Z-graded basic algebra of H^(0)_(l,n)is also *** an application,we obtain a second version of the Giambelli formula for Schubert classes.

关键词： cyclotomic nilHecke algebras Grassmannians Schur polynomials

Erosion-corrosion resistance of Mo-Ti- and Ni-Cr-Mo-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steels: a critical analysis of synergistic effect of erosion and corrosion

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第8期29卷 1299-1311页

作者： De-fa Li Hang-yu Dong Cheng-yang hu kai-ming Wu Serhii Yershov Oleg Isayev School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering West Anhui UniversityLuan 237012AnhuiChina The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science on Metallurgical ProcessingInternational Research Institute for Steel TechnologyWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Laboratory for Excellence in Advanced Steel Research Materials Science and Engineering ProgramDepartment of MetallurgicalMaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA

Grain refinement renders Mo-Ti-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steel to exhibit high hardness,high strength,and good toughness,but the erosion-corrosion resistance of steel in a corrosive slurry environment is not ***-Ti-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steel is compared with Ni-Cr-Mo-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steel,and the erosion-corrosion resistance of those two steels under impingement by NaCl solution with gravels has been *** components,pure-corrosion rate,pure-erosion rate,and synergistic effect of erosion and corrosion(SEEC)of erosion-corrosion rate,were *** pure-corrosion and pure-erosion rates of Mo-Ti-alloyed steel were higher than those of Ni-Cr-Mo-alloyed one;however,its erosion-corrosion rate was relatively lower because of a weak *** plastic deformation and work hardening due to gravel impingement were the essential reason for SEEC,which could be reduced by grain refinement,and consequently,Mo-Ti-alloyed steel with finer grains had better erosion-corrosion *** refinement could be an effective way to improve the erosion-corrosion resistance of martensitic steels.

关键词： Grain refinement Mo-Ti alloying Ni-Cr-Mo alloying Martensite Erosion-corrosion

Tailoring the Properties of Diels-Alder Reaction Crosslinked High-performance Thermosets by Different Bismaleimides

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2020年第3期38卷 268-277,I0007页

作者： kai-Ju Luo Li-Bo huang Yan Wang Jun-Rong Yu Jing Zhu Zu-ming hu State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Material Science and EngineeringDonghua University

A series of Diels-Alder reaction cross-linked thermosets with recyclability and healability were prepared from furan-containing aromatic polyamide and bismaleimides with different chemical *** structures of synthesized bismaleimides were confirmed by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance(1 H-NMR)spectroscopy;their reversible cross-linking with the furanic polyamide was further detected by 1 H-NMR technique and sol-gel transition *** dynamic mechanical analysis and tensile test revealed the variable thermal and mechanical properties of thermosets cross-linked by different bismaleimides and with different molar ratios of maleimide group to furan group(Ima/fur).The tensile test also demonstrated that the better recyclability and solvent-assisted healability of thermosets cross-linked could be achieved by more flexible *** work is expected to provide valuable information for design of recyclable and healable high-performance thermosets with desired properties.

关键词： Recyclability Reparability Thermosets Diels-Alder reaction