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Geochemical simulation of the formation of brine and salt minerals based on Pitzer model in Caka Salt Lake

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第8期47卷 720-726页

作者： LIU Xingqi1, CAI Keqin2.& YU Shengsong3.1. Nanjing institute of Geography and Limnology, chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 2.0008, {2. 2. {2. University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. {2. 3. institute of Salt Lakes, chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, {2. Nanjing institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China china University of Geosciences Beijing China institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining China

The geochemical simulation of the formation of brine and salt minerals based on Pitzer model was made in Caka Salt Lake. The evolution of the mixed surface-water and the mineral sequences were calculated and compared with the hydrochemical compositions of the brine and the salt minerals of the deposit in Caka Salt Lake. The results show that the formation temperature of the lake is between 0°C and 5°C, which is well identical with other studies. The mixing of salt-karst water with the surface waters, neglected by the former researchers, is very important to the formation of the lake, indicating that the initial waters resulting in the formation of the lake are multi-source. It is the first time to use Pitzer model in china for making geochemical simulation of the formation and evolution of inland salt lake and satisfactory results have been achieved.

关键词： Pitzer model,Caka Salt Lake,geochemical simulation,salt-karst water.

Interannual variability of Antarctic Oscillation and its influence on East Asian climate during boreal winter and spring

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第5期49卷 554-560页

作者： FAN Ke1,2.3.& WANG huijun2.1. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, {2. of Atmospheric Physics, chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., china 2. Department of Atmospheric Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, china 3. Graduate University of the chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Atmospheric Science Yunnan University Kunming China Graduate University of the chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The interannual variability of Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) and its influence on East Asian climate during both boreal winter and spring are addressed. The results show that the positive AAO anomaly decreases the cold activity over East Asia during both boreal winter and spring. AAO-related barotropic meridional teleconnection from Antarctic to Arctic is found through analysis of mean me- ridional circulations. This meridional teleconnection is remarkable over Eurasia during boreal winter and over the Pacific Ocean during boreal spring. The results also show that zonal mean zonal wind at high latitudes in Southern Hemisphere has well positive correlation with that of Eurasia during boreal winter and has negative correlation with Pacific North American teleconnection (PNA) during boreal spring, which again display the meridional teleconnection. Thus, local meridional teleconnection is a possible linkage for interaction of circulations at mid-high latitudes between both hemispheres.

关键词： Antarctic Oscillation, Eurasian west wind, meridional teleconnection, mean meridional circulation.

Identification of candidate genes for early-maturity traits by combining BSA-seq and QTL mapping in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期23卷 3472-3486页

作者： Liang Ma Tingli hu Meng Kang Xiaokang Fu Pengyun Chen Fei Wei Hongliang Jian Xiaoyan Lü Meng Zhang yonglin Yang State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization/institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy ofAgricultural SciencesAnyang 455000China School of Agriculture Henan Institute of Science and TechnologyXinxiang 453003China Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shihezi 832099China

Cotton breeding for the development of early-maturing varieties is an effective way to improve multiple cropping indexes and alleviate the conflict between grains and cotton in the cultivated fields in *** the present study,we aimed to identify upland cotton quantitative trait loci(QTLs)and candidate genes related to early-maturity traits,including whole growth period(WGP),flowering timing(FT),node of the first fruiting branch(NFFB),height of the node of the first fruiting branch(HNFFB),and plant height(PH).An early-maturing variety,CCRI50,and a latematuring variety,Guoxinmian 11,were crossed to obtain biparental *** populations were used to map QTLs for the early-maturity traits for two years(2.2. and 2.2.).With BSA-seq analysis based on the data of population 2.2.,the candidate regions related to early maturity were found to be located on chromosome *** then developed 2. polymorphic insertions or deletions(InDel)markers to further narrow down the candidate regions,resulting in the detection of five and four QTLs in the 2.2. and 2.2. populations,*** to the results of QTL mapping,two candidate regions(InDel_G2.6-InDel_G144 and InDel_G2.-InDel_G43.were *** these regions,three genes(GH_D03.0451,GH_D03.0649,and GH_D03.1180)have nonsynonymous mutations in their exons and one gene(GH_D03.0450)has SNP variations in the upstream sequence between CCRI50 and Guoxinmian *** four genes also showed dominant expression in the floral *** expression levels of GH_D03.0451,GH_D03.0649 and GH_D03.1180 were significantly higher in CCRI50 than in Guoxinmian 11 during the bud differentiation stages,while GH_D03.0450 showed the opposite *** functional verification of GH_D03.0451 indicated that the GH_D03.0451-silenced plants showed a delay in the flowering *** results suggest that these are the candidate genes for cotton early maturity,and they may be used for breeding early-maturity cotton varieties.

关键词： cotton genomics early-maturity traits BSA-seq QTL mapping molecular breeding

Patterns of platinum-group elements in mantle peridotite, granulite xenoliths and basalt in Hannuoba

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第18期44卷 1676-1681页

作者： Chu Xuelei, LI Xiaolin, XU Jiuhua and LIU Jianming1. The Research Center of Mineral Resources Exploration , {2. Academy of Sciences , {3., china 2. institute of Geology , {2. Academy of Sciences , beijing 10002., china 3. institute of High Energy Physics , {2. Academy of Sciences , beijing 100817 , china 4. beijing University of Science and Engineering , beijing 100083. china Corresponding author The Research Center of Mineral Resources Exploration Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China beijing University of Science and Engineering Beijing China

Neutron activation analysis after preconcentration of nickel sulfide fire assay was used in measurement of Ru, Ph, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt (i.e. PGE elements) and Au concentrations for basalt, mantle and granulite xenoliths in Hannuoba. The chondrite- and primitive mantle-normalized PGE patterns generally exhibit flat (for Iherzolite), negative slope (for harzburgite),

关键词： mantle xenolith granulite xenolith basalt platinum-group element Hannuoba.

Vermiform trace fossils from the Precambrian Ruyang Group, western Henan

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chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第3期42卷 251-254页

作者： hu Jianmin, MENG Qingren and LI Wenhou1 Xi’ an College of Geology, Xi’an 710054, china 2. {2. of Geophysics, chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china 3.Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, china Xi’an College of Geology Xi’an China institute of Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Geology Northwest University Xi’an China

THE origin and evolution of Precambrian lives has been a long-standing controversial problem. It is now generally accepted by most paleontologists that the origin of metazoa can be traced back to more than 1000 Ma, because the Ediacara and latest pre-Ediacara fauna, such as the huainan fauna, are featured by their diversification of forms, complicated structures

关键词： Precambrian trace fossil Ruyang Group.

Reconstruction of precipitation variation from tree rings in recent 1000 years in Delingha, Qinghai

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 939-949页

作者： SHAO Xuemei1, huANG Lei1, LIU Hongbin2. LIANG Eryuan1, FANG Xiuqi3.& WANG Lili1 1. institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, {2. Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china 2. National Climate Center, beijing 100081, china 3. beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, china institute of Geographic Sciences Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China National Climate Center Beijing 100081 China beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Using seven well-replicated Qilian juniper (Sabina przewalskii Kom.) ring-width chronologies developed at Zongwulong and Shalike Mts. in the northeastern part of the Qaidam Basin annual precipitation from previous July to current June in the recent 1000 years was re- constructed for Delingha. The reconstruction can capture 63.1% of precipitation variance and the equation was stable over time. For the reconstructed precipitation, wet periods occurred in AD152.—163. and 193.—2.01, whereas dry intervals in 142.—1519 and 163.—1741. In ad- dition, the magnitude in precipitation variation was lower before 143. with about 15 mm, but it increased to 3. mm during the period of 143. to 1850. After 1850, the precipitation variance de- creased again. In contrast to the increase in temperature, a decrease in annual precipitation was evident since the 1990s. The agreement in low-frequency variation between the reconstruction and the glacier accumulation and particulate content in Dunde ice cores during the recent several {3.ndred years suggested that the precipitation reconstructed in this study was rather reliable, and represented a regional signal. This 1000-year reconstruction could benefit our understanding of climatic variation in decadal to century-scale in this region, and provide basic data to climate models and to prediction of future climate in the 2.st century.

关键词： northeastern part of the Qaidam Basin tree-ring width series of Qilian juniper precipitation reconstruction in 1000 years.

A distributed hydrological model with its application to the Jinghe watershed in the Yellow River Basin

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2004年第Z1期47卷 60-71页

作者： WANG Zhonggen1, ZHENG Hongxing1, LIU Changming1, , WU Xianfeng2.2.& ZHAO Weimin3.1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, {3. Academy of Sciences, {2., china 2. institute of Environmental Science, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, china 3. Water Resources Conservation Committee of Yellow River, Zhengzhou 450003. china Key Laboratory of Water Cyde & Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Environmental Science Beijing Normal University Beijing China Water Resources Conservation Committee of Yellow River Zhengzhou China

For the purpose of water resources management in the Yellow River Basin with highly spatial difference, a daily distributed hydrological model was proposed, of which the determination of spatially-distributed parameters and model inputs processing were performed by means of GIS/RS. In the model, the computation of runoff yield was based on the topography index method and flow routing was modeled by Maskingum method. The operation of the model is followed by means of “command structure” technique based upon the topography of river network. A case study using the model was conducted for the Jinghe watershed, which locates at the middle Yellow River Basin. The simulation of the hydrological processes in 1996 has shown that water quantity balance errors were less than 5% and the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient arrived at 0.7, indicating that the model structure is justifiable, and the precision of the model can satisfy the purpose of water resources management.

关键词： distributed hydrological model, structure and equation, GIS and RS, Jinghe Basin, Yellow River Basin.

Effect of rock mass structure and block size on the slope stability——Physical modeling and discrete element simulation

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第Z1期48卷 1-17页

作者： LI Shihai1, LIAN Zhenzhong1,2.& J. G. Wang3.1. institute of Mechanics, chinese Academy of Sciences, {2. 100080, china 2. Graduate School, chinese Academy of Sciences, {2. 100060, china 3. Tropical Marine Science institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 1192.0 institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100060 China Tropical Marine Science institute National University of Singapore Singapore 119260 Singapore

This paper studies the stability of jointed rock slopes by using our improved three-dimensional discrete element methods (DEM) and physical modeling. Results show that the DEM can simulate all failure modes of rock slopes with different joint configurations. The stress in each rock block is not homogeneous and blocks rotate in failure development. Failure modes depend on the configuration of joints. Toppling failure is observed for the slope with straight joints and sliding failure is observed for the slope with staged joints. The DEM results are also compared with those of limit equilibrium method (LEM). Without considering the joints in rock masses, the LEM predicts much higher factor of safety than physical modeling and DEM. The failure mode and factor of safety predicted by the DEM are in good agreement with laboratory tests for any jointed rock slope.

关键词： rock masses, slope stability, DEM simulation, block size effect, joints configuration effect, limit equilibrium method.

The role of aerial algae in the formation of the landscape of the Yunnan Stone Forest,Yunnan Province, china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第9期47卷 846-864页

作者： TIAN Youping1,3. ZHANG Jie2. SONG Linhua1 & BAO Haosheng2.1. {3. of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, {2. Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china 2. Department of Geography, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093. china 3. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China Department of Geography Nanjing University Nanjing China

Aerial algae on the surface of carbonate rocks at the Stone Forest, Shilin County, Yunnan Province, china, and their bioerosion were investigated in the field and studied in the laboratory in detail. Through the observation, identification and statistics of more than one hun- dred algal samples and rock samples with the optical microscopes (stereomicroscope, biological microscope) and the scanning electronic microscope (SEM), the relationships between erosional forms on the surface of the Stone Forest and algae and/or algal communities and the genetic mechanism for the formation of erosional forms were analyzed. It is suggested that aerial algae play an active role in bioerosive processes that may affect the formation of karst erosional forms. These effects include both direct and indirect ones. The direct effect is the initiative control (algal shape-controlling role) of algae on the formation of karst forms of various scales, mostly mi- cro-scale (3.) and minor-scale (10-3.10-1m) erosional forms. The algal shape-controlling roles can be divided into the algal individual shape-controlling role and the algal community shape-controlling role. The former mostly controls the formation of micro-scale erosional forms, while the latter mostly controls the formation of micro-scale and smaller minor-scale erosional forms. The indirect effect refers to the promoting role of algae in the formation of karst forms, which may affect the formation of karst forms of all types and scales. The bioerosion of algae accelerates the weathering process of the whole Stone Forest karst landforms.

关键词： aerial algae, bioerosion, the Stone Forest, Yunnan Province, china.