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Geographical patterns and determinants of insect biodiversity in China

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1255-1265页

作者： huizhong Fan Tongyi Liu Youhua Chen Ziyan Liao Jun Chen yibo hu Gexia Qiao Fuwen Wei CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&China-Croatia“Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Insects play important roles in the maintenance of ecosystem functioning and the provision of livelihoods for millions of ***,compared with terrestrial vertebrates and angiosperms,such as the giant panda,crested ibis,and the metasequoia,insect conservation has not attracted enough attention,and a basic understanding of the geographical biodiversity patterns for major components of insects in China is ***,we investigated the geographical distribution of insect biodiversity across multiple dimensions(taxonomic,genetic,and phylogenetic diversity)based on the spatial distribution and molecular DNA sequencing data of *** analysis included 18 orders,360 families,5,275 genera,and 14,115 species of *** results revealed that Southwestern and Southeastern China harbored higher insect biodiversity and numerous older lineages,representing a museum,whereas regions located in Northwestern China harbored lower insect biodiversity and younger lineages,serving as an evolutionary *** also observed that mean annual temperature and precipitation had significantly positive effects,whereas altitude had significantly negative effects on insect biodiversity in most ***,cultivated vegetation harbored the highest insect taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity,and needleleaf and broadleaf mixed forests harbored the highest insect genetic *** results indicated that human activities may positively contribute to insect spatial diversity on a regional *** study fills a knowledge gap in insect spatial diversity in *** findings could help guide national-level conservation plans and the post-2020 biodiversity conservation framework.

关键词： insect spatial patterns multiple dimensions driving factors vegetation types

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Heterogeneous population distribution enhances resistance to wheat lodging by optimizing the light environment

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2211-2226页

作者： yibo hu Feng Qin Zhen Wu Xiaoqin Wang Xiaolong Ren Zhikuan Jia Zhenlin Wang Xiaoguang Chen Tie Cai College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China College of Agronomy Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyTai’an 271018China Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai Area Xuzhou 221131China

Lodging is still the key factor that limits continuous increases in wheat yields today,because the mechanical strength of culms is reduced due to low-light stress in populations under high-yield *** mechanical properties of the culm are mainly determined by lignin,which is affected by the light ***,little is known about whether the light environment can be sufficiently improved by changing the population distribution to inhibit culm ***,in this study,we used the wheat cultivar“Xinong 979”to establish a low-density homogeneous distribution treatment(LD),high-density homogeneous distribution treatment(HD),and high-density heterogeneous distribution treatment(HD-h)to study the regulatory effects and mechanism responsible for differences in the lodging resistance of wheat culms under different population *** with LD,HD significantly reduced the light transmittance in the middle and basal layers of the canopy,the net photosynthetic rate in the middle and lower leaves of plants,the accumulation of lignin in the culm,and the breaking resistance of the culm,and thus the lodging index values increased significantly,with lodging rates of 67.5%in 2020–2021 and 59.3%in 2021–*** HD-h,the light transmittance and other indicators in the middle and basal canopy layers were significantly higher than those under HD,and the lodging index decreased to the point that no lodging *** with LD,the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-Lyase(PAL),4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase(4CL),catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT),and cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase(CAD)in the lignin synthesis pathway were significantly reduced in the culms under HD during the critical period for culm formation,and the relative expression levels of TaPAL,Ta4CL,TaCOMT,and TaCAD were significantly ***,the activities of lignin synthesis-related enzymes and their gene expression levels were significantly increased under HD-h compare

关键词： canopy light environment lignin lodging population distribution wheat

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芦苇笋采收机举升俯仰机构液压系统的设计与研究

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机械设计 2024年第2期41卷 32-39页

作者：乔志东高自成廖凯李立君邹洋胡意波中南林业科技大学机电工程学院湖南长沙410004

芦苇笋采收机工作过程中需调节采摘工作头与地面之间的距离,文中针对采收机工作头位置调节的问题,设计了一种举升俯仰机构液压系统。通过对整机作业过程进行描述,并对采收机举升俯仰机构的原理进行分析,绘制举升俯仰机构的液压系统原理... 详细信息

芦苇笋采收机工作过程中需调节采摘工作头与地面之间的距离,文中针对采收机工作头位置调节的问题,设计了一种举升俯仰机构液压系统。通过对整机作业过程进行描述,并对采收机举升俯仰机构的原理进行分析,绘制举升俯仰机构的液压系统原理图,并对关键部件进行理论计算,得出液压执行元件的相关参数与各关键液压元器件的型号和参数。随后在AMESim软件中对液压执行元件在不同工况下进行动态特性研究,并对作业过程进行仿真,得出举升俯仰机构液压缸的流量、速度和位移曲线,最后,对芦苇笋采收机举升俯仰机构的液压系统进行安装调试并在田间运行试验。在田间性能试验过程中,系统运行平稳,通过公式计算可得举升液压缸及俯仰液压缸上升速度偏差分别为11.5%,10%,下降速度偏差分别为9.2%,10.5%,与地面的距离偏差分别为5.7%,7.9%,从实际作业效果上看,系统完全满足芦苇笋采收机作业要求。

关键词：采收机液压缸 AMESim 液压系统

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含氧杂环化合物合成研究

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广东化工 2024年第11期51卷 18-19,74页

作者：纪凤婷胡祎波彭林邵阳学院食品与化学工程学院湖南邵阳422000

含氧杂环化合物广泛存在于天然产物中,在医药、食品等领域有广泛研究及应用,是天然活性物质的重要组成部分。本研究利用磷酸催化剂作用于α,β-不饱和酮类化合物,催化关环,利用迈克尔加成机理得到十三元含氧杂环化合物。本文在以6-庚炔... 详细信息

含氧杂环化合物广泛存在于天然产物中,在医药、食品等领域有广泛研究及应用,是天然活性物质的重要组成部分。本研究利用磷酸催化剂作用于α,β-不饱和酮类化合物,催化关环,利用迈克尔加成机理得到十三元含氧杂环化合物。本文在以6-庚炔-1-醇为起始原料经过烷基化、戴斯马丁氧化、witting反应、迈克尔加成等一系列的条件温和、操作简单的反应成功合成了含氧杂环化合物。为含氧杂环化合物的人工合成提供了一定的参考。

关键词：磷酸催化含氧杂环化合物迈克尔加成

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集雨种植模式下种植密度与行距配置对小麦茎秆糖积累及倒伏性能的影响

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中国农业科学 2024年第1期57卷 65-79页

作者：覃凤汪小飞吴臻胡一波王小琴张家伟蔡铁西北农林科技大学农学院

【目的】分析沟垄集雨种植模式下不同种植密度和行距配置对小麦茎秆碳水化合物积累和抗倒伏性能的影响，明确适应于小麦沟垄集雨种植合理的密度及行距，为进一步稳定和提升小麦产量提供理论依据。【方法】以北方旱区主栽小麦品种西农97... 详细信息

【目的】分析沟垄集雨种植模式下不同种植密度和行距配置对小麦茎秆碳水化合物积累和抗倒伏性能的影响，明确适应于小麦沟垄集雨种植合理的密度及行距，为进一步稳定和提升小麦产量提供理论依据。【方法】以北方旱区主栽小麦品种西农979为试验材料，于2019—2021年在集雨种植模式下设置两个密度(低密度：180万株/hm2；高密度：225万株/hm2)和两种行距处理(等行距：20 cm；非等行距：12.5 cm﹕35 cm﹕12.5 cm)，分析不同密度和行距对小麦植株中下部叶片的净光合速率、茎秆非结构性碳水化合物和结构性碳水化合物含量、茎秆折断弯矩和倒伏指数以及籽粒产量的影响。【结果】集雨种植模式下提高种植密度，小麦植株中下部叶片(倒三叶、倒四叶、倒五叶)的净光合速率(Pn)、茎秆基部第二节间非结构性碳水化合物(葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖)和结构性碳水化合物(半纤维素、纤维素)含量、茎秆折断弯矩均明显降低，茎秆倒伏指数显著增高；而高密度种植条件下非等行距处理可改变植株各指标，其中，相较于高种植密度+等行距处理，植株倒三叶、倒四叶、倒五叶Pn明显提高，增幅分别为7.7%—16.5%、5.3%—37.7%、11.9%—24.9%，茎秆葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖含量分别提高了9.8%—15.0%、8.8%—27.4%、8.2%—41.1%，半纤维素、纤维素含量分别增加4.5%—19.8%、5.9%—31.2%，茎秆折断弯矩提高4.8%—17.3%，茎秆倒伏指数降低10.9%—25.9%，小麦产量亦显著提高了13.5%—15.2%。相关分析表明，小麦茎秆基部节间葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖含量与半纤维素、纤维素含量呈极显著正相关；小麦茎秆非结构性碳水化合物、结构性碳水化合物与小麦植株中下部叶片Pn及茎秆折断弯矩呈显著正相关，而与倒伏指数呈极显著负相关。【结论】集雨种植模式下，通过非等行距种植调节群体空间分布，可有效提升小麦植株中下部叶片光合速率，促进茎秆糖类物质合成积累，增强小麦茎秆抗倒伏性能，进而降低小麦倒伏发生率，提高籽粒产量。

关键词：小麦集雨种植种植密度行距配置倒伏光合速率产量

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Conservation priorities for global marine biodiversity across multiple dimensions

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National Science Review 2023年第6期10卷 108-116页

作者： huizhong Fan Mingpan huang Youhua Chen Wenliang Zhou yibo hu Fuwen Wei Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Marine biodiversity plays important roles in ocean ecosystem services and has substantial economic *** diversity,genetic diversity and phylogenetic diversity,which reflect the number,evolutionary potential and evolutionary history of species in ecosystem functioning,are three important dimensions of ***-protected areas have been demonstrated as an effective area-based tool for protecting marine biodiversity,but only 2.8 % of the ocean has been fully *** is urgent to identify global conservation priority areas and percentage of the ocean across multiple dimensions of biodiversity based on Post-2020 Global Biodiversity ***,we investigate the spatial distribution of marine genetic and phylogenetic diversity using 80 075 mitochondrial DNA barcode sequences from 4316 species and a newly constructed phylogenetic tree of 8166 *** identify that the Central Indo-Pacific Ocean,Central Pacific Ocean and Western Indian Ocean harbor high levels of bio diversity across three dimensions of biodiversity,which could be designated as conservation priority *** also find that strategically protecting～22% of the ocean would allow us to reach the target of conserving～95% of currently known taxonomic,genetic and phylogenetic *** study provides insights into the spatial distribution pattern of multiple marine diversities and the findings would help to design comprehensive conservation schemes for global marine biodiversity.

关键词： marine biodiversity genetic diversity phylogenetic diversity conservation priority areas multiple dimensions

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Design of phase interface and defect in niobium-nickel oxide for ultrafast Li-ion storage

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第16期147卷 145-152页

作者： Haiting Chen Haoyan Cheng Hangchen Liu yibo hu Tongtong Yuan Shuge Dai Meilin Liu Hao hu Collaborative Innovation Center of Nonferrous Metals School of Materials Science and EngineeringHenan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China Key Laboratory of Material Physics of Ministry of Education School of Physics and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332-0245United States of America

Niobium pentoxide(Nb2O5)has attracted much attention in lithium batteries due to its advantages of high operating voltage,large theoretical capacity,environmental friendliness and ***,the intrinsic poor electrical conductivity,sluggish kinetics,and large volume changes hinder its electrochemical performance at high power density,making it away from the requirements for practical *** this research work,we regulate the electron transport of niobium-nickel oxide(NiNbO)anode material with enhanced structural stability at high power density by constructing the two-phase boundaries between niobium pentoxide(Nb2O5)and nickel niobate(NiNb2O6)through simple solid phase *** addition,the presence of lattice defects in NiNbO-F further speeds up the transport of Li+and promotes the electrochemical reaction kinetics more *** two-phase boundaries and defect modulated anode material displays high Li+diffusion coefficient of 1.63×10^(−10) cm^(2) s^(−1),pretty high initial discharge capacity of 222.8 mAh g^(−1) at 1 C,extraordinary high rate performance(66.7 mAh g^(−1))at an ultrahigh rate(100 C)and ultra-long cycling stability under high rate of 25 C(83.4 mAh g^(−1) after 2000 cycles)with only 0.016%attenuation per *** results demonstrate an effective approach for developing electrode materials that greatly improve rate performance and durability.

关键词： Niobium oxide Phase interface Defects Rate performance Lithium-ion batteries

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Effect of China's rapid development on its iconic giant panda

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第17期58卷 2134-2139页

作者： Zhu LiFeng hu yibo ZHANG ZeJun WEI FuWen Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Anthropogenic factors affect biodiversity and have led to the contraction or extinction of animal populations ***,we use historical demographic data,spanning the past 300 years,to show that a rapid distributional contraction of giant pandas took place during the 18th and 19th centuries alongside the increase in human ***-use also underwent a significant change across the areas where giant pandas were found because of government agricultural policy and the introduction of new *** impact of social development on giant pandas includes habitat loss and fragmentation,and range *** findings would facilitate the design of effective conservation strategies that seek to conserve and increase current habitats of this iconic species,especially in areas that our analysis has identified as places where pandas have suffered from high human pressure.

关键词：大熊猫栖息地标志性中国经济保护策略生物多样性种群灭绝人为因素统计数据

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Comparisons of phaseolin type and α-amylase inhibitor in common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)in China

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The Crop Journal 2016年第1期4卷 68-72页

作者： Yang Yao yibo hu Yingying Zhu Yue Gao Guixing Ren Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The objective of this study was to characterize the phaseolin type and a-amylase(αAI) level in common bean(Phaseolus vidgaris L.) accessions deposited in the Chinese National *** 40 accessions sampled were common varieties originating in Asia,North America,South America,Europe,and *** Inca(I-) phaseolin was observed in the *** four accessions contained Tendergreen(T-) phaseolin and the remaining36 contained Sanilac(S-) *** proteins extracted from nine accessions showed higher a-amylase inhibitory activity than the control(Phase 2,IC_(50) = 0.65 μg).These common bean accessions have potential use as nutraceutical ingredients.

关键词： Common bean Phaseolin α-Amylase inhibitor Phenolic acid

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基于响应面和MOGA的卧加主轴多目标优化设计

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机床与液压 2024年第12期52卷 98-103,156页

作者：尹浇钦高自成李立君乔志东胡意波刘怀粤中南林业科技大学机械与智能制造学院湖南长沙410000

主轴作为卧式加工中心中最重要的功能部件,对其进行优化设计来提高卧式加工中心的动态性能和运动精度具有重要意义。根据主轴的有限元分析结果,以主轴前端半径和长度、后端半径和长度以及拉刀杆外径为设计变量,总质量最小、总体最大变... 详细信息

主轴作为卧式加工中心中最重要的功能部件,对其进行优化设计来提高卧式加工中心的动态性能和运动精度具有重要意义。根据主轴的有限元分析结果,以主轴前端半径和长度、后端半径和长度以及拉刀杆外径为设计变量,总质量最小、总体最大变形最小和1阶固有频率最大为优化目标,利用CCD试验设计方法获得初始样本点,再使用Kriging模型建立响应面。最后利用多目标遗传算法(MOGA)进行优化。结果表明:所提方法实现了主轴质量减少29.6%,总变形量减少30.8%,1阶固有频率增加5.4%。

关键词：卧式加工中心响应面法 MOGA算法多目标优化

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