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复杂快中子源编码成像高效模拟方法研究

西安交通大学学报 2016年第7期50卷 118-124页

作者：张凤娜张天奎王东明郑向阳胡华四西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院西安710049 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心四川绵阳621900 环境保护部核与辐射安全中心北京100082

为了解决快中子编码成像中复杂源图像定义与模拟效率的问题,研究了基于深度优先合并方法的复杂源图像定义方法。采用栅元合并技术来减小源定义所需栅元数目,同时保证蒙特卡洛模拟中源抽样的效率,从而提高复杂源图像编码成像模拟效率。... 详细信息

为了解决快中子编码成像中复杂源图像定义与模拟效率的问题,研究了基于深度优先合并方法的复杂源图像定义方法。采用栅元合并技术来减小源定义所需栅元数目,同时保证蒙特卡洛模拟中源抽样的效率,从而提高复杂源图像编码成像模拟效率。模拟源为二值E字母时,源合并后模拟所得编码像的计算结果最小误差较源合并前没有变化且满足统计要求,计算时间则减少且为源合并前模拟时间的1/5;对16、64和256灰度阶E字母源进行了编码像的模拟计算,模拟结果的最小误差小于1%,符合重建研究的需要;采用3种重建算法对"西安交通大学校徽"复杂二值源的定义和模拟进行了源区重建,进而验证了基于深度优先合并的源定义方法的正确性。该方法可望为增进聚变源区所历复杂过程诊断的适应性提供一种切实可行的技术途径。

关键词：快中子编码成像深度优先合并复杂灰度源蒙特卡洛模拟图像重建

几种闪烁体γ/n分辨能力的MC模拟计算及比较

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辐射防护 2006年第4期26卷 220-226页

作者：宋朝晖胡华四王奎禄西北核技术研究所西安710024 西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院核能与热能工程系西安710049

本文利用蒙特卡罗通用程序MCNP4B对脉冲γ射线束测量中可能用到的几种闪烁体的有关性能进行了模拟计算和比较,给出了三种比较感兴趣的无机闪烁体CeF3、LSO和CsF对γ射线的能量响应曲线。并利用有关能谱数据对八种无机闪烁体BaF2、NaI、... 详细信息

本文利用蒙特卡罗通用程序MCNP4B对脉冲γ射线束测量中可能用到的几种闪烁体的有关性能进行了模拟计算和比较,给出了三种比较感兴趣的无机闪烁体CeF3、LSO和CsF对γ射线的能量响应曲线。并利用有关能谱数据对八种无机闪烁体BaF2、NaI、CsF、CsI、GSO、PbWO4、YAP:Ce、YAG:Ce的γ/n分辨能力进行了计算,估算了分辨能力的最大、最小值,并与有机闪烁体ST401进行了比较。

关键词：闪烁体 γ射线中子能量沉积灵敏度分辨能力 MCNP4B

Photo‑Energized MoS_(2)/CNT Cathode for High‑Performance Li–CO_(2)Batteries in a Wide‑Temperature Range

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 160-175页

作者： Tingsong hu Wenyi Lian Kang hu Qiuju Li Xueliang Cui Tengyu Yao Laifa Shen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Storage College of Materials Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016People’s Republic of China

Li–CO_(2) batteries are considered promising energy storage systems in extreme environments such as Mars;however,severe performance degradation will occur at a subzero temperature owning to the sluggish reaction ***,a photo-energized strategy adopting sustainable solar energy in wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery was achieved with a binder-free MoS_(2)/carbon nanotube(CNT)photo-electrode as *** unique layered structure and excellent photoelectric properties of MoS_(2) facilitate the abundant generation and rapid transfer of photo-excited carriers,which accelerate the CO_(2) reduction and Li_(2)CO_(3) decomposition upon *** illuminated battery at room temperature exhibited high discharge voltage of 2.95 V and mitigated charge voltage of 3.27 V,attaining superior energy efficiency of 90.2%and excellent cycling stability of over 120 *** at an extremely low temperature of−30℃,the battery with same electrolyte can still deliver a small polarization of 0.45 V by the photoelectric and photothermal synergistic mechanism of MoS_(2)/CNT *** work demonstrates the promising potential of the photo-energized wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery in addressing the obstacle of charge overpotential and energy efficiency.

关键词： Li-CO_(2)batteries Photo-energized Wide operation-temperature Kinetics MoS_(2)

Fabrication and Mechano-sensing Characteristics of Bending Polypyrrole Actuator

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 240-245页

作者： CHEN Jinyou hu Wei School of Automotive Engineering Hunan Financial&Industrial Vocational-technical CollegeHengyang 421002China College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China

To prepare a conductive polymer actuator with decent performance,a self-built experimental platform for the preparation of polypyrrole film is *** of the essential goals is to examine the mechanical characteristics of the actuator in the presence of various combinations of process parameters,combined with the orthogonal test method of"four factors and three levels".The bending and sensing characteristics of actuators of various sizes are methodically examined using a self-made bending polypyrrole *** functional relationship between the bending displacement and the output voltage signal is established by studying the characteristics of the actuator sensor subjected to various degrees of *** experimental results reveal that the bending displacement of the actuator tip almost exhibits a linear variation as a function of length and *** the voltage reaches 0.8 V,the bending speed of the actuator tends to be ***,the mechanical properties of the self-assembled polypyrrole actuator are verified by the design and fabrication of the microgripper.

关键词： conductive polymer polypyrrole mechanical characteristics actuators sensing characteristics

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高能γ探测系统中的光耦合部件参数优化

强激光与粒子束 2013年第1期25卷 169-172页

作者：吴福源张凤娜高永凤陶仕达王云海贾清刚胡华四西安交通大学核科学与技术学院西安710049

建立了Geant4软件粒子输运模拟平台,完成了核聚变高能γ射线能量-时间联合谱探测系统的探测效率计算数值建模;提出了遗传算法调用Geant4软件的射线探测系统参数优化方法。以自聚焦透镜前端与塑料闪烁体后端面的距离、自聚焦透镜后端面... 详细信息

建立了Geant4软件粒子输运模拟平台,完成了核聚变高能γ射线能量-时间联合谱探测系统的探测效率计算数值建模;提出了遗传算法调用Geant4软件的射线探测系统参数优化方法。以自聚焦透镜前端与塑料闪烁体后端面的距离、自聚焦透镜后端面的长度及自聚焦透镜与通信光纤前端的距离为自变量,以耦合效率为适应度函数,实现了高能γ探测系统中由塑料闪烁体-自聚焦透镜-通信光纤组成的光耦合部件参数的优化算法。优化结果表明,该算法可以提高塑料闪烁体发出的荧光由自聚焦透镜耦合到通信光纤中的效率,最大可达4.77%。

关键词：核聚变诊断 Geant4软件遗传算法闪烁体耦合效率

Optimizing Fine-Tuning in Quantized Language Models:An In-Depth Analysis of Key Variables

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 307-325页

作者： Ao Shen Zhiquan Lai Dongsheng Li Xiaoyu hu National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Computing National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China Strategic Assessments and Consultation Institute Academy of Military ScienceBeijing100091China

Large-scale Language Models(LLMs)have achieved significant breakthroughs in Natural Language Processing(NLP),driven by the pre-training and fine-tuning *** this approach allows models to specialize in specific tasks with reduced training costs,the substantial memory requirements during fine-tuning present a barrier to broader ***-Efficient Fine-Tuning(PEFT)techniques,such as Low-Rank Adaptation(LoRA),and parameter quantization methods have emerged as solutions to address these challenges by optimizing memory usage and computational *** these,QLoRA,which combines PEFT and quantization,has demonstrated notable success in reducing memory footprints during fine-tuning,prompting the development of various QLoRA *** these advancements,the quantitative impact of key variables on the fine-tuning performance of quantized LLMs remains *** study presents a comprehensive analysis of these key variables,focusing on their influence across different layer types and depths within LLM *** investigation uncovers several critical findings:(1)Larger layers,such as MLP layers,can maintain performance despite reductions in adapter rank,while smaller layers,like self-attention layers,aremore sensitive to such changes;(2)The effectiveness of balancing factors depends more on specific values rather than layer type or depth;(3)In quantization-aware fine-tuning,larger layers can effectively utilize smaller adapters,whereas smaller layers struggle to do *** insights suggest that layer type is a more significant determinant of fine-tuning success than layer depth when optimizing quantized ***,for the same discount of trainable parameters,reducing the trainable parameters in a larger layer is more effective in preserving fine-tuning accuracy than in a smaller *** study provides valuable guidance for more efficient fine-tuning strategies and opens avenues for further research into optimizing LLM

关键词： Large-scale Language Model Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning parameter quantization key variable trainable parameters experimental analysis

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Alzheimer’s disease:effects on neural and synaptic rehabilitation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 326-342页

作者： Yi Ji Chaoyi Yang Xuerui Pang Yibing Yan Yue Wu Zhi Geng Wenjie hu Panpan hu Xingqi Wu Kai Wang Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders HefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health HefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Psychology and Sleep Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from deficits in synaptic transmission and *** Alzheimer’s disease brain tends to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronized,thereby causing neurodegeneration and ultimately disrupting the operational abilities in daily life,leaving patients *** transcranial magnetic stimulation is a cost-effective,neuro-modulatory technique used for multiple neurological *** the past two decades,it has been widely used to predict cognitive decline;identify pathophysiological markers;promote neuroplasticity;and assess brain excitability,plasticity,and *** has also been applied to patients with dementia,because it can yield facilitatory effects on cognition and promote brain recovery after a neurological ***,its therapeutic effectiveness at the molecular and synaptic levels has not been elucidated because of a limited number of *** study aimed to characterize the neurobiological changes following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment,evaluate its effects on synaptic plasticity,and identify the associated *** review essentially focuses on changes in the pathology,amyloidogenesis,and clearance pathways,given that amyloid deposition is a major hypothesis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s *** mechanisms associated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation procedures and different pathways mediating gene transcription,which are closely related to the neural regeneration process,are also ***,we discuss the outcomes of animal studies in which neuroplasticity is modulated and assessed at the structural and functional levels by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,with the aim to highlight future directions for better clinical translations.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid deposition apoptotic mechanisms biomarker neural regeneration neurodegeneration repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation synaptic plasticity

Potential role of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1599-1612页

作者： Guibo Qi Han Tang Jianian hu Siying Kang Song Qin Department of Anatomy Histologyand EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Tanycytes, specialized ependymal cells located in the hypothalamus, play a crucial role in the generation of new neurons that contribute to the neural circuits responsible for regulating the systemic energy balance. The precise coordination of the gene networks controlling neurogenesis in naive and mature tanycytes is essential for maintaining homeostasis in adulthood. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that govern the proliferation and differentiation of tanycytes into neurons remains limited. This article aims to review the recent advancements in research into the mechanisms and functions of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis. Studies employing lineage-tracing techniques have revealed that the neurogenesis specifically originating from tanycytes in the hypothalamus has a compensatory role in neuronal loss and helps maintain energy homeostasis during metabolic diseases. Intriguingly,metabolic disorders are considered early biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore,the neurogenic potential of tanycytes and the state of newborn neurons derived from tanycytes heavily depend on the maintenance of mild microenvironments, which may be disrupted in Alzheimer's disease due to the impaired blood–brain barrier ***, the specific alterations and regulatory mechanisms governing tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease remain unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that tanycyte-derived neurogenesis might be impaired in Alzheimer's disease, exacerbating neurodegeneration. Confirming this hypothesis, however, poses a challenge because of the lack of long-term tracing and nucleus-specific analyses of newborn neurons in the hypothalamus of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying tanycyte-derived neurogenesis holds promise for identifying small molecules capable of restoring tanycyte proliferation in neurodegenerative diseases. This line of investigation could pro

关键词： Alzheimer's disease blood–brain barrier ependymoglial cells hypothalamus metabolic diseases neural stem cells neurogenesis neuroinflammatory diseases neurons tanycyte

Mechanism by which Rab5 promotes regeneration and functional recovery of zebrafish Mauthner axons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1816-1824页

作者： Jiantao Cui Yueru Shen Zheng Song Dinggang Fan Bing hu Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Rab5 is a GTPase protein that is involved in intracellular membrane trafficking. It functions by binding to various effector proteins and regulating cellular responses, including the formation of transport vesicles and their fusion with the cellular membrane. Rab5 has been reported to play an important role in the development of the zebrafish embryo;however, its role in axonal regeneration in the central nervous system remains unclear. In this study, we established a zebrafish Mauthner cell model of axonal injury using single-cell electroporation and two-photon axotomy techniques. We found that overexpression of Rab5 in single Mauthner cells promoted marked axonal regeneration and increased the number of intra-axonal transport vesicles. In contrast, treatment of zebrafish larvae with the Rab kinase inhibitor CID-1067700markedly inhibited axonal regeneration in Mauthner cells. We also found that Rab5 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) during axonal repair of Mauthner cells and promoted the recovery of zebrafish locomotor function. Additionally, rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin downstream of PI3K, markedly hindered axonal regeneration. These findings suggest that Rab5 promotes the axonal regeneration of injured zebrafish Mauthner cells by activating the PI3K signaling pathway.

关键词： axonal regeneration Mauthner cell nerve regeneration Rab5 zebrafish