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Characteristics and fate behavior of environmentally persistent free radicals in atmospheric particulate matter

地球环境学报 2024年第4期15卷 596-611页

作者： WANG Xueying CUI Long XUE Yonggang ho kinfai HUANG Yu State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and PhysicsInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China

Background,aim,and scope Environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs)have received significant attention due to their longer lifetime and stable existence in various *** strong environmental migration ability of particulate matter allows EPFRs to migrate over long-distance transport,thereby impacting the quality of the local atmospheric ***,EPFRs can also adhere to atmospheric particles and interact with typical gaseous pollutants to affect atmospheric chemical *** can produce some reactive organic species,promoting oxidative stress in the human body,damaging biological macromolecules and ultimately affecting the organism *** are considered as a novel type of pollutant that affects human *** their significance,there are few literatures available on the characteristics and fate behaviors of EPFRs up to ***,supplemental reviews are crucial for providing comprehensive understanding of *** and methods This review summarizes the characteristics of EPFRs in particulate matter,outlines the generation mechanism and influencing factors of EPFRs,and the impacts of EPFRs on environmental quality and organism *** The content of EPFRs in particulate matter ranges from 1017 to 1020 spins∙g−*** to the strong mobility of atmospheric particulate matter,the long-term exposure to high levels of EPFRs may aggravate the impact of particulate matter on human *** interaction between EPFRs and typical gaseous pollutants can alter their fate and influence atmospheric chemical *** are mainly produced by transition metal elements and substituted aromatic hydrocarbons through electron ***,the chemical bond rupture of organic substances through heat treatment or ultraviolet radiation can also produce EPFRs,and heterogeneous reactions are capable producing them as *** production of EPFRs is not only influenced by transition metal elements and precurso

关键词： particulate matter(PM) environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs) formation mechanism influencing factors

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Light attenuation cross-section of black carbon in an urban atmosphere in northern China

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Particuology 2015年第1期13卷 89-95页

作者： Junji Cao Chongshu Zhu kinfai ho Yongming Han Zhenxing Shen Changlin Zhan Jiaquan Zhang Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary GeologyInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi'an Jiaotong University The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Environmental Science and Engineering Hubei Polytechnic UniversityHubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation

Fine particulate matter （PM2.5） samples were collected over two years in Xi＇an, China to investigate the relationships between the aerosol composition and the light absorption efficiency of black carbon （BC）. Real-time light attenuation of BC at 880 nm was measured with an aethalometer. The mass concentrations and elemental carbon （EC） contents of PM2.5 were obtained, and light attenuation cross-sections （σATN） of PM2.5 BC were derived. The mass of EC contributed -5% to PM2.5 on average. BC σATN exhibited pronounced seasonal variability with values averaging 18.6, 24.2,16.4, and 26.0 m^2/g for the spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively, while averaging 23.0 m^2/g overall. σATN varied inversely with the ratios of EC/PM2.5, EC/[SO4^2- ], and EC/[NO3-]. This study of the variability in σATN illustrates the complexity of the interactions among the aerosol constituents in northern China and documents certain effects of the high EC, dust, sulfate and nitrate loadings on light attenuation.

关键词： Light attenuation cross-section Elemental carbon Dust Xi'an

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PM_(2.5) and PM_(10-2.5) chemical composition and source apportionment near a hong Kong roadway

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Particuology 2015年第1期13卷 96-104页

作者： Yan Cheng Shuncheng Lee Zhaolin Gu kinfai ho Yunwei Zhang Yu Huang Judith C.Chow John G.Watson Junji Cao Renjian Zhang Department of Environmental Science and Technology School of Human Settlements and Civil EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Loess Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth and EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Civil and Structural Engineering Research Center for Environmental Technology and ManagementThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong Kong Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research Institute Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Twenty-four-hour PM2.5 and PM10 samples were collected simultaneously at a highly trafficked road-side site in hong Kong every sixth day from October 2004 to September 2005. The mass concentrations of PM2.5, PMlo-2.5 （defined as PM10 - PM2.5）, organic carbon （OC）, elemental carbon （EC）, water-soluble ions, and up to 25 elements were determined. Investigation of the chemical compositions and potential sources revealed distinct differences between PM2.5 and PM10-2.5. The annual average mass concentrations were 55.5 ＋ 25.5 and 25.9±15.7μg/m^3 for PM2.5 and PM10-2.5, respectively. EC, OM （OM = OC × 1.4）, and ammonium sulfate comprised over -82% of PM2.5, accounting for -29%, -27%, and -25%, respectively, of the PM2.5 mass. Low OC/EC ratios （less than 1） for PM2.5 suggested that fresh diesel-engine exhaust was a major contributor. Seven sources were resolved for PM2.5 by positive matrix factorization （PMF） model, including vehicle emissions （-29%）, secondary inorganic aerosols （-27%）, waste incinera- tor/biomass burning （-23%）, residual oil combustion （-10%）, marine aerosols （-6%）, industrial exhaust （-4%）, and resuspended road dust （-1%）. EC and OM comprised only -19% of PM10-2.5. The average OC/EC ratio of PM10-2.5 was 7.8± 14.2, suggesting that sources other than vehicular exhaust were important contributors. The sources for PM10-2.5 determined by the PMF model included -20% traffic-generated resuspension （e.g., tire dust/brake linear/petrol evaporation）, -17% locally resuspended road dust, -17% marine aerosols, -12% secondary aerosols/field burning, and -11% vehicle emissions.

关键词： PM2.5 PM10-2.5 Roadside Chemical composition Source apportionment hong Kong

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Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Synthesis of Nanocrystalline InVO4 hollow Microspheres and Their Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Oxidation of NO

Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Synthesis of Nanocrystalline InVO...

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第十届全国气溶胶会议暨第六届海峡两岸气溶胶技术研讨会

作者： kinfai ho Shuncheng Lee Department of Civil and Structural Engineering Research Center for Environmental Technology and Management The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

In this study, nanocrystalline InVO4 hollow microspheres have been synthesized by an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis synthetic method directly. The products were systematically characterized XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, DRS, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared hollow spheres was evaluated on the degradation of gaseous NO at 400 part-per-billion level under visible light and compared with a bulk InVO4 counterpart synthesized with a hydrothermal method. Results revealed that the as-prepared InVO4 hollow spheres exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than InVO4 bulk powders under visible light irradiation. This photocatalytic activity enhancement could be attributed to the special hollow structures, which were favorable for the diffusion of intermediates and the reduced deactivation of photocatalyst in the photocatalytic reaction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） results confirmed the formation of nitrate acid on the InVO4 surface during the photocatalysis of NO in the gas phase, revealing that the oxidation of NO molecules was the major process in this photocatalytic reaction. Multiple runs of the photocatalytic NO removal indicated that the InVO4 hollow spheres were stable. This study presents a promising approach for scaling-up industrial production of InVO4 hollow spheres with potential applications in photocatalytic indoor air purification.

关键词： InVO4 NO Visible light Photocatalysis Indoor air purification

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The Application of PTR-MS on Investigating Roadside VOCs and OVOCs in hong Kong

The Application of PTR-MS on Investigating Roadside VOCs and...

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第十五届海峡两岸气胶技术研讨会

作者： Long Cui Shungcheng Lee Yu Huang Zhou Zhang kinfai ho Xinming Wang Peter K.K.Louie Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong Kong hong Kong Environmental Protection Department

hong Kong is a densely populated city with heavy traffic volume.A large number of volatile organic compounds（VOCs）,which are the precursors of tropospheric ozone and secondary organic aerosols（SOAs）,are emitted from traffic-related *** attention has been paid on the characteristics of roadside VOCs and their impacts on the local air quality of hong Kong during the past *** this study,proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry（PTR-MS）,an advanced technique with high-temporal resolution and low detection limit,is firstly applied to the simultaneous real-time monitoring of oxygenated volatile organic compound（OVOCs） and VOCs at a roadside station in hong *** performances of PTR-MS were examined under different relative humidity and temperature of inlet air with hydronium ion（H3 O+） as the primary ion *** sensitivity of 17 species of atmospheric significance was of insignificant humidity dependence,except for formaldehyde（m/z = 31）.The detection sensitivity of formaldehyde decreased with the increase of humidity due to the back reaction of protonated HCho with water vapor prior to analysis,and a reverse function was found with a best-fitting *** correlation between calibrated reaction rate,inlet relative humidity and temperature was found which matched well by poly-2 D *** is the most variable specie when the inlet relative humidity and temperature are *** accuracy and precision of the measurements were less than 15%.Inter-comparison were also performed between the measurement from PTR-MS,off-line DNPH cartridge samples and on-line GC-FID ***,acetaldehyde,acetone,MEK,benzene,toluene,C8-aromatics showed good correlation between PTR-MS and alternative sampling *** results suggested that PTR-MS can be applied on the long term measurements of roadside VOCs and OVOCs with good stability and reliability in hong Kong.

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西汉张安世墓葬M1墓室内的大气环境调查

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文物保护与考古科学 2013年第2期25卷 69-76页

作者：曹军骥杨军昌胡塔峰 Lee Shuncheng 王新明 ho kinfai 董俊刚丁岩中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室陕西西安710075 西安交通大学全球环境变化研究院陕西西安710025 陕西省考古研究院陕西西安710054 陕西省文物保护研究院陕西西安710075 香港理工大学土木与结构工程系中国科学院地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室广东广州510640 西安建筑科技大学建筑学院陕西西安710055

了解待发掘封闭墓葬内的大气环境,可为考古发掘和文物保存环境研究提供科学依据。西汉张安世墓园中的M1墓葬是一座未被盗扰的墓室,本研究在墓室开启前,有针对性地监测了墓室内的微气候参数和大气污染物。结果显示,相对于外界大气,密闭... 详细信息

了解待发掘封闭墓葬内的大气环境,可为考古发掘和文物保存环境研究提供科学依据。西汉张安世墓园中的M1墓葬是一座未被盗扰的墓室,本研究在墓室开启前,有针对性地监测了墓室内的微气候参数和大气污染物。结果显示,相对于外界大气,密闭的墓室内低温、高湿、缺氧,且酸性气态污染物浓度较低。因此,在考古发掘及后续保存文物时,应针对不同文物材料采取密闭容器、保湿、避光等措施,避免由于环境骤变导致文物的风化损坏。本研究建立的待发掘墓葬大气环境测试体系及基础数据,可为相关考古和文保工作提供有益的借鉴。

关键词：微气候气态污染物环境监测张安世墓

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