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黑龙滩水库消落带植被恢复模式对土壤水稳性团聚体组成及其稳定性的影响

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水土保持学报 2024年第3期38卷 168-176页

作者：白芹菲王艳琪鲍玉海贺秀斌罗鹏韦杰中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所成都610299 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院重庆401331 中国科学院大学北京100049 中铁四川生态城投资有限公司四川眉山620500 重庆市三峡库区地表生态过程野外科学观测研究站重庆401331

[目的]为阐明水库消落带不同植被恢复模式对土壤水稳性团聚体组成及其稳定性的影响。[方法]以川中丘陵区黑龙滩水库消落带人工恢复与自然恢复植被下的土壤为研究对象,利用湿筛法测定分析土壤水稳性团聚体组成特征及其稳定性指标。[结果... 详细信息

[目的]为阐明水库消落带不同植被恢复模式对土壤水稳性团聚体组成及其稳定性的影响。[方法]以川中丘陵区黑龙滩水库消落带人工恢复与自然恢复植被下的土壤为研究对象,利用湿筛法测定分析土壤水稳性团聚体组成特征及其稳定性指标。[结果]消落带土壤>0.25 mm水稳性大团聚体含量与未淹水对照相比降低4.21%,其中,自然恢复植被下土壤水稳性大团聚体含量较对照下降12.27%,人工恢复植被下大团聚体含量较对照增加3.84%;不同植被恢复模式下土壤水稳性团聚体组成差异显著(p0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量(R_(0.25))、平均重量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)人工恢复模式下均大于自然恢复模式,团聚体分形维数(D)、土壤可蚀性因子(K)与团聚体破坏率(PAD)人工恢复模式小于自然恢复模式,表明人工恢复模式下土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性、土壤抗蚀性高于自然恢复模式。[结论]黑龙滩水库消落带在淹水后土壤团聚体稳定性下降,但人工恢复模式能有效改善土壤团粒结构,研究结果可为黑龙滩水库消落带土壤结构稳定性评价及植被恢复提供科学依据。

关键词：川中丘陵区水库消落带植被恢复土壤水稳性团聚体团聚体稳定性

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黑龙滩水库消落带不同植被恢复模式对土壤物理性质的影响

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水土保持研究 2024年第6期31卷 281-289页

作者：王艳琪白芹菲鲍玉海禹妍彤罗鹏贺秀斌中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所成都610299 中国科学院大学北京100049 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院重庆401331 中铁四川生态城投资有限公司四川眉山620500

[目的]探究水库消落带不同植被恢复模式对土壤物理性质的影响,为水库消落带的植被-土壤互馈关系研究与生态重建工作提供科学依据。[方法]以黑龙滩水库消落带自然恢复和人工恢复植被样地为研究对象,采集了不同海拔梯度和土层深度的土壤样... 详细信息

[目的]探究水库消落带不同植被恢复模式对土壤物理性质的影响,为水库消落带的植被-土壤互馈关系研究与生态重建工作提供科学依据。[方法]以黑龙滩水库消落带自然恢复和人工恢复植被样地为研究对象,采集了不同海拔梯度和土层深度的土壤样品,利用环刀法和干筛法对比分析了土壤容重、总孔隙度、机械稳定性团聚体等物理性质。[结果]人工恢复与自然恢复植被下0—20 cm土层的土壤物理性质差异显著(p5 mm机械性团聚体含量显著高于自然恢复植被;多因素方差分析表明,恢复模式与水位高程的交互作用相较于其他交互作用对土壤物理性质的影响更为明显;冗余分析(RDA)和相关性分析表明,恢复模式是黑龙滩水库消落带土壤物理性质空间分异的主控因素。[结论]人工植被恢复能够有效改善土壤物理性质,建议在黑龙滩水库消落带合理开展人工植被恢复,改善土壤质量。

关键词：水库消落带土壤物理性质冗余分析植被恢复模式

^(137)Cs Finger Printing Technique for Erosion and Sedimentation Studies

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第1期9卷 34-40页

作者： LONG Yi ZHANG Xinbao WEN Anbang he xiubin Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment CASChengdu610041China Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Change and Regulation Chengdu610041China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryCASGuiyang 550002China

137 Cs is an artificial radionuclide with a half-life of 30.2 years,which was released into the environment as a byproduct of atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons during the period of 1950s to 1970s with a peak deposition in 1963.137 Cs fallout was strongly and rapidly adsorbed by soil particles when it deposited on the ground mostly with *** following movements will associate with the adsorbed particles.137 Cs tracing technique has been widely used in soil erosion and sedimentation studies since *** paper introduces the basis of the technique and shows several case studies of assessment of soil erosion rates,investigation of sediment sources and dating of reservoir deposits by using the technique in the Loess Plateau and the Upper Yangtze River Basin.

关键词： 137 Cs soil and sedimentation the Loess Plateau the Upper Yangtze River Basin

三峡水库消落带狗牙根根系对紫色土抗剪性能的影响

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中国水土保持科学 2024年第4期22卷 41-50页

作者：郑晓岚鲍玉海贺秀斌谢航宇禹妍彤王英培中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室成都610041 中国科学院大学北京100049 重庆市大足区农业农村委员会重庆402360

植物根系对提高土壤抗侵蚀能力起着最主要的作用。为探究根系对三峡水库消落带土壤抗剪性能的影响,以典型草本植物狗牙根及其根土复合体为研究对象,利用原状土和重塑土、采用直剪试验和三轴试验2种方法,揭示根系形态特征、含根量以及布... 详细信息

植物根系对提高土壤抗侵蚀能力起着最主要的作用。为探究根系对三峡水库消落带土壤抗剪性能的影响,以典型草本植物狗牙根及其根土复合体为研究对象,利用原状土和重塑土、采用直剪试验和三轴试验2种方法,揭示根系形态特征、含根量以及布根方式对土壤抗剪性能的影响。结果表明:1)内摩擦角、黏聚力与根系形态特征呈对数正相关;各形态指标对土壤抗剪性能的影响程度依次为:根表面积密度>根体积密度>根长密度>根质量密度>根径。2)根系含量与土壤抗剪性能呈正相关。含根量分别为0.9、0.6和0.3 mg/cm^(3)的根土复合体抗剪强度依次比素土提高14.54%~49.56%、9.09%~35.82%和3.80%~17.58%;内摩擦角依次提高13.95%、13.07%和1.98%;黏聚力依次提高29.37%、24.48%和15.34%。3)交叉布根下土壤抗剪性能最强,与垂直布根、水平布根相比,交叉布根的抗剪强度依次提高4.22%~16.95%和11.45%~32.61%;黏聚力依次提高15.61%和16.09%;最大应力值依次提高3.78%~34.18%和36.86%~41.44%。研究结果可为三峡水库消落带固土护岸的物种筛选、水土保持生态建设以及水库岸线管理等提供参考。

关键词：植物根系根土复合体土壤抗剪性能消落带三峡水库

Farmer's Adaptive Strategies on Land Competition between Societal Outcomes and Agroecosystem Conservation in the Purple-soiled Hilly Region,Southwestern China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第1期9卷 77-86页

作者： TANG Qiang BAO Yuhai he xiubin ZHU Bo ZHANG Xinbao Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The worldwide extension and intensification of farming during the last century has led to ecosystem degradation and caused a series of environmental *** of ecosystem services in agricultural regions has been implemented by top-down government actions or initiated by resilience scientists in the developed countries,but little attention was paid in the developing countries,especially in some remote mountainous *** present paper presents a case study showing how local farmers obtained both maximal societal outcomes and agroecosystem conservation interests in the absence of distinct boundaries between agricultural and protected ecological areas in the densely populated purple-soiled hilly region of southwestern *** local community(Yanting County) has developed a mosaic agricultural-forestry-fishery-stock breeding system with spatially targeted land uses,diverse agricultural productions and multiple ecological *** indicates that the local farmers have hereditarily perceived sound strategies on maximizing sustainable societal outcomes and optimizing tradeoffs among macro-market,state policy,new technological facility and ecological reinforcement.

关键词： Mosaic agroforestry system Adaptive strategies Land competition Agroecosystem conservation Purple-soiled hilly region China

Fingerprinting the sources of water-mobilized sediment threatening agricultural and water resource sustainability:Progress, challenges and prospects in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第12期62卷 2017-2030页

作者： Qiang TANG Bojie FU Anbang WEN Xinbao ZHANG xiubin he Adrian LCOLLINS Sustainable Agriculture Sciences Department Rothamsted ResearchNorth WykeOkehamptonDevon EX202SBUK Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Sediment source fingerprinting apportions the sources of sediment produced by water erosion by linking sampled sediment mixtures and landscape source materials using diagnostic and conservative *** this approach,the nature and location of active sediment sources across the catchment can be elucidated,generating information which is a key prerequisite for the design and implementation of catchment management *** science of sediment source fingerprinting continues to attract much research globally,but to date,there have been relatively few fingerprinting studies in ***,there remain major challenges for the fingerprinting approach arising from the uniqueness of Chinese landscapes,including for instance,the complex land use configuration with highly fragmented or mosaic patches and the highly dynamic land use conversion rates,generating a need to test the physical basis for the discriminatory power and environmental behavior of both traditional and novel *** research is needed to investigate the applicability of tracer properties in different physiographic settings and to evaluate the potential strategic utility of the approach for supporting the improved management of soil and water ***,the strategic availability of independent observation data for different components of catchment sediment budgets and well-maintained research infrastructure for plots,micro-catchments and drainage basins provides immediate opportunity for testing the approach and refining *** detailed testing across scales would be invaluable for promoting sediment source fingerprinting as both a scientific and management tool for informing soil and water conservation practices in China.

关键词： Soil erosion Sediment source fingerprinting Tracer properties Sediment budgets Catchment management China

^(137)Cs and^(210)Pb_(ex) as Soil Erosion Tracers in the Hilly Sichuan Basin and the Three Gorges Area of China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第1期9卷 27-33页

作者： SHI Zhonglin WEN Anbang ZHANG Xinbao he xiubin LI Hao YAN Dongchun Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Resources and Environment Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYa'an 625014China

Accelerated soil erosion and land degradation represent major environmental problems for agricultural *** information on the rates of soil loss is urgently *** traditional techniques for documenting rates of soil loss may meet this need,but face many *** fallout radionuclides,especially 137 Cs and 210 Pb ex,are increasingly used as effective tracers to quantify soil erosion rates,and they represent a valuable complement to the existing classical *** paper aims to introduce the basis for assessing soil erosion rates on cultivated and uncultivated slopes by using 137 Cs and 210 Pb ex measurements,to compare the 137 Cs and 210 Pb ex reference inventories,and to report several case studies undertaken in the hilly area of Sichuan Basin and the Three Gorges area of China.

关键词： Soil erosion Cultivated land 137 Cs 210 Pb ex Uncultivated land Sichuan Basin Three Gorges area China

Soil Organic Carbon Loss under Different Slope Gradients in Loess Hilly Region

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2007年第4期12卷 695-698页

作者： JIA Songwei he xiubin WEI Fangqiang Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Surface Process Chinese Academy of Sciences/Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Based on field runoff plots observation and sample analysis, the effect of slope gradient on soil organic carbon loss was studied under natural rainfall conditions in loess hilly region. The results showed that with slope gradient increasing （from10° to 30°）, the changing trend of soil erosion intensity （A） was A20°〉A30°〉A15°〉A10°〉A25°, suggesting that slope gradient between 20° and 25° was a critical degree ranger to exist. Soil organic carbon loss was mainly influenced by soil erosion intensity, appearing the same trend as did soil erosion intensity with increasing slope gradient. Soil erosion results in organic carbon enrichment in sediment. Average enrichment ratios of five runoff plots varied from 2.27 to 3.74, and decreased with increasing erosion intensity and slope gradient. The decrease of surface runoff and soil erosion is the key to reduce soil organic carbon loss.

关键词： soil erosion soil organic carbon loss slope gradient carbon cycle

Soil Erosion Spatial Distribution Character of Sloping Field in the Sichuan Hilly Basin:Taking a Cultivated Slope in Neijiang as Example

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2006年第4期11卷 984-988页

作者： ZheNG Jinjun QI Yongqing HUA Lizhong he xiubin ZHANG Xinbao Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy ofSciences/State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary GeologyXi＇an 710075 Shaanxi China

^137Cs nuclear tracing technique was used to estimate rates of soil redistribution on a sloping field with traditional erosion control measures located near Shangqiao Village, Neijiang City, in the Sichuan Hilly Basin of China. The downslope changes of ^137 Cs inventory and its corresponding soil erosion rates in the sloping field show a rolling trend and have two peak values in two inflexions of the sloping field, these result reflects that the changes of microphysiognomy play a key role on the spatial soil redistribution of the sloping field.

关键词： the Sichuan Hilly Basin ^137Cs soil erosion rates micro-physiognomy