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Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 67-74页

作者： Song he Li Li Sai Wang Shao-Jiang Wang Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS)Hangzhou 310024China Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS)Beijing 100049China Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics(Albert Einstein Institute) Am Muhlenberg 1Golm 14476Germany

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition,yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively fit the lattice QCD data while with its duration of the first-order phase transition(FoPT)left *** specific baryon chemical poten-tial,the first-order QCD phase transition agrees with the observational constraint of baryon ***,therefore,provides a scenario for phase transition gravitational waves(GWs)within the standard model of particle *** these background GWs could contribute dominantly to the recently claimed common-spectrum red noise from pulsar timing array(PTA)observations,the duration of this FoPT can be well constrained,and the associated primordial black holes are still allowed by current observations.

关键词： pulsar timing array QCD phase transition gravitational waves primordial black holes

Rising frequency of ozone-favorable synoptic weather patterns contributes to 2015-2022 ozone increase in Guangzhou

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 502-514页

作者： Nanxi Liu Guowen he Haolin Wang Cheng he Haofan Wang Chenxi Liu Yiming Wang Haichao Wang Lei Li Xiao Lu Shaojia Fan School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Climate Environment and Air Quality Change in the Pearl River Estuary Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System(Sun Yat-sen University)Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082China

Objective weather classification methods have been extensively applied to identify dominant ozone-favorable synoptic weather patterns(SWPs),however,the consistency of different classification methods is rarely *** this study,we apply two widely-used objective methods,the self-organizing map(SOM)and K-means clustering analysis,to derive ozone-favorable SWPs at four Chinese megacities in *** find that the two algorithms are largely consistent in recognizing dominant ozone-favorable SWPs for four Chinese *** the case of classifying six SWPs,the derived circulation fields are highly similar with a spatial correlation of 0.99 between the two methods,and the difference in themean frequency of each SWP is less than 7%.The six dominant ozone-favorable SWPs in Guangzhou are all characterized by anomaly higher radiation and temperature,lower cloud cover,relative humidity,and wind speed,and stronger subsidence compared to climatology *** find that during 2015-2022,the occurrence of ozone-favorable SWPs days increases significantly at a rate of 3.2 days/year,faster than the increases in the ozone exceedance days(3.0 days/year).The interannual variability between the occurrence of ozone-favorable SWPs and ozone exceedance days are generally consistent with a temporal correlation coefficient of *** particular,the significant increase in ozone-favorable SWPs in 2022,especially the Subtropical High type which typically occurs in September,is consistent with a long-lasting ozone pollution episode in Guangzhou during September *** results thus reveal that enhanced frequency of ozone-favorable SWPs plays an important role in the observed 2015-2022 ozone increase in Guangzhou.

关键词： Ozone(O3) Objective weather classification methods Synoptic weather patterns Trends Guangzhou

Recycling Fe and improving organic pollutant removal via in situ forming magnetic core-shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@CaFe-LDH in Fe(Ⅱ)-catalyzed oxidative wastewater treatment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 523-537页

作者： Ting he Jie Sun Liangwei Deng Jialin Ming Changwei Hu Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Chengdu 610041China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China

Due to its high efficiency,Fe(Ⅱ)-based catalytic oxidation has been one of the most popular types of technology for treating growing organic pollutants.A lot of chemical Fe sludge alongwith various refractory pollutantswas concomitantly produced,whichmay cause secondary environmental problemswithout proper *** here innovatively proposed an effective method of achieving zero Fe sludge,reusing Fe resources(Fe recovery=100%)and advancing organics removal(final TOC removal>70%)simultaneously,based on the in situ formation of magnetic Ca-Fe layered double hydroxide(Fe_(3)O_(4)@CaFe-LDH)***(Ca^(2+)and Fe^(3+))concentration(≥30 mmol/L)and their molar ratio(Ca:Fe≥1.75)were crucial to the success of the *** nano Fe_(3)O_(4)was designed to be involved in the Fe(Ⅱ)-catalytic wastewater treatment process,and was modified by oxidation intermediates/products(especially those with COO-structure),which promoted the co-precipitation of Ca^(2+)(originated from Ca(OH)_(2)added after oxidation process)and byproduced Fe^(3+)cations on its surface to in situ generate core-shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@*** oxidation products were further removed during Fe_(3)O_(4)@CaFe-LDH material formation via intercalation and *** applicable to many kinds of organicwastewater,such as bisphenol A,methyl orange,humics,and biogas *** prepared magnetic and hierarchical CaFe-LDH nanocomposite material showed comparable application performance to the recently reported *** work provides a new strategy for efficiently enhancing the efficiency and economy of Fe(Ⅱ)-catalyzed oxidative wastewater treatment by producing high value-added LDHs materials.

关键词： CaFe layered double hydroxide Fe(Ⅱ)-catalytic oxidation Fe recycling Magnetic nanomaterial in situ formation Fe_(3)O_(4)modification

Positive effect of Mo on mechanical properties of a Ni-42W-10Co-xMo medium heavy alloy

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China Foundry 2025年第1期22卷 108-116页

作者： Guo-xin Cao Jian-xin Dong Yong-sheng he he Jiang Fang Hao Zhi-hua Nie Teng-fei Ma Bao-quan Fu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Xi'an Superalloy Technology Co. Ltd.Xi’an 710299China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Air-driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province Quzhou UniversityQuzhou 324000ZhejiangChina

In this study,a novel Ni-W-Co-Mo medium heavy alloy(MHA)was designed to improve its mechanical strength via Mo *** the Ni-42W-10Co-x Mo alloy series,where x represents the weight percent of Mo and varies between 0,1,2,5,and 10,the microstructure transitions from a dendritic structure to a hypo-eutectic structure as the Mo content increases from 0 to 5wt.%.Moreover,as the Mo content increases from 0 to 10wt.%,the distribution of theμ-phase shifts from being individually dispersed to forming aggregates,and its volume fraction rises from 0.5%to 7.9%.Notably,theμ-phase evolves into an eutectic microstructure,which helps in minimizing the segregation of *** change is accompanied by a substantial enhancement in mechanical properties;specifically,the compressive yield strength at room temperature increases from 350 MPa to 646 MPa,indicating a significant 85%***,the microhardness increases from 230 HV to 304 *** dynamics simulations further reveal that the strengthening mechanism of Ni-42W-10Co-x Mo alloys is Mo-induced solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening.

关键词： medium-heavy alloys Ni-based alloy mechanical properties solid solution strengthening precipitation strengthening

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Combined biochar and wheat-derived endophytic bacteria reduces cadmium uptake in wheat grains in a metal-polluted soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 165-178页

作者： Zhihui Xiong Yaping Wang Linyan he Qi Sheng Xiafang Sheng College of Life Sciences Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental MicrobiologyMinistry of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

In this study,two wheat-derived cadmium(Cd)-immobilizing endophytic Pseudomonas paralactis M14 and Priestia megaterium R27 were evaluated for their effects on wheat tissue Cd uptake under hydroponic ***,the impacts of the biochar(BC),M14+R27(MR),and BC+MR treatments on wheat Cd uptake and the mechanisms involved were investigated at the jointing,heading,and mature stages of wheat plants under field-plot conditions.A hydroponic experiment showed that the MR treatment significantly decreased the above-ground tissue Cd content compared with theM14 or R27 *** BC+MRtreatment reduced the grain Cd content by 51.5%-67.7%and Cd translocation factor at the mature stage of wheat plants and increased the organic matter-bound Cd content by 31%-75%in the rhizosphere soils compared with the BC or MR *** with the BC or MR treatment,the relative abundances of the biomarkers associated with Gemmatimonas,Altererythrobacter,Gammaproteobacteria,Xanthomonadaceae,Phenylobacterium,and Nocardioides in the BC+MR-treated rhizosphere microbiome decreased and negatively correlated with the organic matter-bound Cd *** the BC+MR-treated root interior microbiome,the relative abundance of the biomarker belonging to Exiguobacterium increased and negatively correlated with the Cd translocation factor,while the relative abundance of the biomarker belonging to Pseudonocardiaceae decreased and positively correlated with the Cd translocation *** findings suggested that the BC+MR treatment reduced Cd availability and Cd transfer through affecting the abundances of these specific biomarkers in the rhizosphere soil and root interior microbiomes,leading to decreased wheat grain Cd uptake in the contaminated soil.

关键词： Cd-immobilizing endophytic bacteria Cd-contaminated soil Biochar+endophytic bacteria Grain Cd uptake Specific biomarkers

Multi-interface structure design of bamboo-based carbon/Co/CoO composite electromagnetic wave absorber based on biomimetic honeycomb-shaped superstructure

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第3期32卷 631-644页

作者： Yanting Wang he Han Huiyang Bian Yanjun Li Zhichao Lou Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

The rapid development of 5G communication technology and smart electronic and electrical equipment will inevitably lead to electromagnetic radiation *** heterointerface polarization relaxation through nanostructure design and interface modifica-tion has proven to be an effective strategy to obtain efficient electromagnetic wave ***,this work implements an innovative method that combines biomimetic honeycomb superstructure to constrain hierarchical porous heterostructure composed of Co/CoO nano-particles to improve the interfacial polarization *** method effectively controlled the absorption efficiency of Co^(2+)through de-lignification modification of bamboo,and combined with the bionic carbon-based natural hierarchical porous structure to achieve uniform dispersion of nanoparticles,which is conducive to the in-depth construction of heterogeneous *** addition,the multiphase struc-ture brought about by high-temperature pyrolysis provides the best dielectric loss and impedance matching for the ***,the obtained bamboo-based Co/CoO multiphase composite showed excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance,achieving excel-lent reflection loss(RL)of-79 dB and effective absorption band width of 4.12 GHz(6.84-10.96 GHz)at low load of 15wt%.Among them,the material’s optimal radar cross-section(RCS)reduction value can reach 31.9 dB·m^(2).This work provides a new approach to the micro-control and comprehensive optimization of macro-design of microwave absorbers,and offers new ideas for the high-value utiliza-tion of biomass materials.

关键词： biomass honeycomb porous heterojunction structure interfacial polarization electromagnetic wave absorption

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X光透镜应用于蛋白大分子晶体衍射

核技术 1999年第12期22卷 761-765页

作者：陈俊赫业军李玉德魏富忠王大椿罗萍颜一鸣北京师范大学低能核物理研究所北京100875

采用Ｘ光透镜替代单色仪双聚焦镜应用于生物蛋白大分子晶体衍射分析，照射晶体样品的光强提高１—２个量级，衍射强度的提高远大于５倍，大大缩短了测试时间，分辨能力改善０．０２－０．０６ｎｍ，信噪比也有改善。

关键词： X光透镜 X光衍射大分子晶体蛋白质

多倍体肿瘤巨细胞通过细胞衰老逃逸增强治疗抵抗

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中华病理学杂志 2024年第4期53卷 413-418页

作者：徐红何野骏曾淑俊王敏敏孟祥超苟欣张静空军军医大学第一附属医院消化系肿瘤整合防治全国重点实验室/病理科西安710032 空军军医大学基础医学院西安710032

临床相关剂量的抗癌药物均可以导致恶性肿瘤及细胞系发生细胞衰老和凋亡。衰老逃逸是细胞存活和耐药的重要机制,通过逃避凋亡和死亡,细胞重新进入到细胞周期的S期。近年来的研究表明多倍体肿瘤巨细胞(polyploid giant cancer cells,PGCC... 详细信息

临床相关剂量的抗癌药物均可以导致恶性肿瘤及细胞系发生细胞衰老和凋亡。衰老逃逸是细胞存活和耐药的重要机制,通过逃避凋亡和死亡,细胞重新进入到细胞周期的S期。近年来的研究表明多倍体肿瘤巨细胞(polyploid giant cancer cells,PGCC)有助于肿瘤的发生、侵袭、转移和治疗抵抗,这些PGCC的形成是肿瘤细胞发生衰老逃逸的前提,通过去多倍体化的方式,它们能够产生具有增殖活性的子代细胞,进而逃脱细胞衰老。本文就PGCC与细胞衰老和治疗抵抗之间的相关研究进展以及靶向PGCC的治疗策略进行概述,为探索致命性癌症的治疗干预提供一个全新的模式。

关键词：治疗抵抗治疗干预细胞衰老治疗策略抗癌药物细胞存活恶性肿瘤细胞周期

Glaucomatous retinal ganglion cells:death and protection

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 160-167页

作者： Na Cui Jun Jia Yuan he Department of Ophthalmology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical UniversityXi’an 710038Shaanxi ProvinceChina Xi’an Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Eye and Brain Neurological Related Diseases Xi’an 710038Shaanxi ProvinceChina

Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration,with the characteristic pathological change being death of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs),which ultimately causes visual field loss and irreversible *** intraocular pressure(IOP)remains the most important risk factor for glaucoma,but the exact mechanism responsible for the death of RGCs is currently *** factor deficiency,impaired mitochondrial structure and function,disrupted axonal transport,disturbed Ca2+homeostasis,and activation of apoptotic and autophagic pathways play important roles in RGC death in *** review was conducted using Web of Science,PubMed,Project,and other databases to summarize the relevant mechanisms of death of RGCs in glaucoma,in addition to outlining protective treatments to improve the degradation of RGCs.

关键词： glaucoma retinal ganglion cells neuroprotection progressive death axonal deletion