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Rising Rate of Liver Transplantation in the Baby Boomer Generation with Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis in the United States

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2017年第3期5卷 193-196页

作者： Osama Siddique Mairin Joseph-Talreja Eric R.Yoo Ryan B.Perumpail George Cholankeril Stephen A.harrison Zobair M.Younossi robert J.Wong Aijaz Ahmed Department of Medicine Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island/Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA Department of Medicine University of Illinois College of Medicine Chicago IL USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center Memphis TN USA Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Medicine Center for Liver DiseasesInova Fairfax HospitalFalls ChurchVAUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Alameda Health SystemHighland HospitalOaklandCAUSA

Background and Aims:Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most rapidly growing indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the United States and is on a trajectory to become the leading indication for LT in the next *** aimed to study the trends in NASH-related LT among persons born between 1945 and 1965,the baby boomer (BB) ***:We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using population-based data from the United Network for Organ Sharing/Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network registry from 2004-2015 to evaluate the birth cohort-specific trends in liver transplant waitlist registrations and liver transplant surgeries in patients with *** stratified our study population into three birth cohorts:1) birth before 1945,2) birth between 1945 and 1965,and 3) birth after ***:The overall rates of NASH-related waitlist registrations and liver transplant surgeries steadily increased from 2004 to 2015 and were reflective of a sharp rise noted in the NASH BB *** 2004 to 2015,the proportion of BB patients with NASH added to LT waitlist demonstrated an incremental growth,60.6% in 2004 versus 83.2% in 2015 (p < 0.01).Among the liver transplant recipients with NASH,the proportion represented by the BB cohort increased from 56.3% in 2004 to 80.0% in 2015 (p < 0.01).Conclusion:We report rising rates of waitlist registration and LT for the indication of *** importantly,the BB sub-cohort was mainly responsible for these alarming trends.

关键词： Baby boomers Liver transplantation Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Waitlist

Acoustic Myography: Its Assessment of Ground Reaction Forces as Measured through Forelimb and Hind Limb of the Horse during Mild Exercise

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2022年第10期12卷 101-115页

作者： Diane Isbell Sebastian Laguna Jillian Costello Chavers Waqas Ahmed Vibeke Sødring Elbrønd robert Bowker Adrian harrison Equine Vet Practice Livermore USA University of La Salle Veterinary Sciences Bogota Colombia Magnolia Sport Horse Equine Lameness and Imaging PLLC Ocala USA Biomechanics & Rehabilitation Section for Pathobiological Sciences Dept for Veterinary and Animal Sciences (IVH) Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark East Lansing MI & Corona Vista Equine Center Michigan State University East Lansing USA

Background: Fractures in the limbs of racehorses are common, resulting among other factors, as the result of repeated ground reaction forces on bones and joints, leading to catastrophic failure. Aim: To quantify ground impact transmission through the limb bones of un-shod healthy horses using the non-invasive technique of acoustic myography (AMG). Methods: Four sites were selected for AMG measurements at the walk and trot, hoof wall (site 1) and sites 2 - 4, metacarpal 3, carpals and the radius of the left forelimb of two healthy horses. Measurements were on both rubber and concrete. AMG of the equine hind limb suspensory system was made and analyzed (amplitude and timing) for the proximal suspensory ligament (PSL) and the SDFT/DDFT. Results: AMG signal amplitude at site 1 (1.5 ± 0.2 versus 1.1 ± 1.5) was not found to be significantly different at the trot compared to the walk;however, sites 2, 3 and 4 were all significantly different when compared between the two gaits;site 2 P = 0.008;site 3 P = 0.006;site 4 P = 0.005. AMG signals recorded on the rubber surface had smaller amplitude than the equivalent signal and site on the concrete surface. Ground Reaction Force (GRF) transmission in the equine forelimb was 22 m/sec, whilst that of the hind limb suspensory system was 25 m/sec. Conclusion: Findings indicate that GRFs are transmitted proximally along the limb at considerable speeds, that they are dampened by tissues and structures in the limb, and that the GRFs are present and detectable proximal to the fetlock joint.

关键词： Horse Foot Limb Acoustic Myography Suspensory System

Acute ischaemic stroke interventions: large vessel occlusion and beyond

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2020年第1期5卷 80-85页

作者： Ahmad Sweid Batoul Hammoud Sunidhi Ramesh Daniella Wong Tyler D Alexander Joshua harrison Weinberg Maureen Deprince Jaime Dougherty Dimitri Jean-Mickael Maamari Stavropoula Tjoumakaris Hekmat Zarzour Michael R Gooch Nabeel Herial Victor Romo David M Hasan robert H Rosenwasser Pascal Jabbour Neurosurgery Thomas Jefferson University HospitalPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Endocrinology Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Sydney Kimmel Medical College Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA School of Medicine American University of BeirutBeirutLebanon Anesthesia Thomas Jefferson University-Center City CampusPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Neurosurgery University of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIowaUSA

Care for acute ischaemic stroke is one of the most rapidly evolving fields due to the robust outcomes achieved by mechanical *** vessel occlusion(LVO)accounts for up to 38%of acute ischaemic stroke and comes with devastating outcomes for patients,families and society in the pre-intervention era.A paradigm shift and a breakthrough brought mechanical thrombectomy back into the spotlight for acute ischaemic stroke;this was because five randomised controlled trials from several countries concluded that mechanical thrombectomy for acute stroke offered overwhelming *** review article will present a comprehensive overview of LVO management,techniques and devices used,and the future of stroke *** addition,we review our institution experience of mechanical thrombectomy for posterior and distal circulation occlusion.

关键词： acute occlusion breakthrough

Lack of hepcidin expression attenuates steatosis and causesfibrosis in the liver

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第4期8卷 211-225页

作者： Sizhao Lu robert G Bennett Kusum K Kharbanda Duygu Dee harrison-Findik Department of Biochemistry University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5870United States Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-4130United States Nebraska-Western Iowa VA Health Care System OmahaNE 68105United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-2000United States

AIM: To investigate the role of key iron-regulatory protein, hepcidin in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). METHODS: Hepcidin(Hamp1) knockout and floxed control mice were administered a high fat and high sucrose(HFS) or a regular control diet for 3 or 7 mo. Steatosis, triglycerides, fibrosis, protein and gene expression in mice livers were determined by histological and biochemical techniques, western blotting and realtime polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Knockout mice exhibited hepatic iron accumulation. Despite similar weight gains, HFS feeding induced hepatomegaly in floxed, but not knockout, mice. The livers of floxed mice exhibited higher levels of steatosis, triglycerides and c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) phosphorylation than knockout mice. In contrast, a significant increase in fibrosis was observed in knockout mice livers within 3 mo of HFS administration. The hepatic gene expression levels of sterol regulatoryelement-binding protein-1c and fat-specific protein-27, but not peroxisome proliferator-activated receptoralpha or microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, were attenuated in HFS-fed knockout mice. Knockout mice fed with regular diet displayed increased carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-1 but decreased glucose-6-phosphatase expression in the liver. In summary, attenuated steatosis correlated with decreased expression of lipogenic and lipid storage genes, and JNK phosphorylation. Deletion of Hamp1 alleles per se modulated hepatic expression of beta-oxidation and gluconeogenic genes. CONCLUSION: Lack of hepcidin expression inhibits hepatic lipid accumulation and induces early development of fibrosis following high fat intake. Hepcidin and iron may play a role in the regulation of metabolic pathways in the liver, which has implications for NAFLD pathogenesis.

关键词： Hamp Iron Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Metabolic genes Steatosis non-alcoholic fatty liverdisease Steatohepatitis

Geographic Access to Working Family Planning Centers and Unintended Pregnancies among Married Women: A Community Based Nested Case Control Study

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2016年第1期6卷 95-108页

作者： Sumera Aziz Ali Sarah Saleem Neelofar Sami Mir Shabbar Muhammad Ahmed Shafquat Rozi robert L. Goldenberg Margo S. harrison Omrana Pasha Department of Community Health Sciences Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan Willows Foundation Karachi Pakistan Department of Urban and Infrastructure Engineering NED University Karachi Pakistan Department of OB/GYN Columbia University Medical Center New York USA

Background: Unintended pregnancies pose substantial risk to mothers and children. In Pakistan, unintended pregnancies account for 46% of all pregnancies. Lack of geographic access to open and well-supplied family planning (FP) centers may be related to the occurrence of such pregnancies, particularly in rural areas. Objective: The objective of this analysis is to determine if geographic access to family planning centers in the Thatta district of Pakistan is related to unintended pregnancy rates among married women. Methods: We conducted a community-based, nested case-control study of 800 pregnant women identified from the database of an active surveillance system, which registers and follows all pregnant women in the catchment area of Thatta district. Women were enrolled during the first trimester;those that reported their pregnancy to be unintended were selected as cases (n = 200), and those whose pregnancies were intended served as controls (n = 600). We defined geographic access as including both the distance of a family planning center from the woman’s home, and availability of personal transportation. Logistic regression was used for analysis. Results: In the multivariate model, neither distance [OR = 1.0;95% CI (0.95 - 1.05)] nor availability of transportation [OR = 1.14;95% CI (0.78 - 1.67)] were significantly associated with unintended pregnancy. In fact, women with unintended pregnancies were more likely to be aware of family planning [OR = 2.21;95% CI (1.23 - 3.97)] and more likely to have been using a contraceptive method before conceiving their index pregnancy [OR = 3.59;95% CI (1.83 - 7.06)]. Other factors related to unintended pregnancy were older maternal age [OR = 1.13;95% CI (1.08 - 1.17)], having already had at least one son [OR = 3.13;95% CI (1.93 - 5.07)];spousal opposition to contraceptive use, [OR = 3.24;95% CI (1.89 - 5.56)] and low spousal education level [OR = 1.85;95% CI (1.08 - 3.18)] as compared to women with intended pregnancy. Conclusio

关键词： Unintended Pregnancy Geographic Access Family Planning

Traumatic injury is associated with reduced deoxyribonuclease activity and dysregulation of the actin scavenging system

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Burns & Trauma 2021年第1期9卷 558-572页

作者： Jon Hazeldine robert J.Dinsdale David N.Naumann Animesh Acharjee Jonathan R.B.Bishop Janet M.Lord Paul harrison Institute of Inflammation and Ageing University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamWest MidlandsB152TTUnited Kingdom National Institute for Health Research Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre Heritage BuildingQueen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamMindelsohnWayEdgbastonBirminghamWest MidlandsB152THUnited Kingdom Scar Free Foundation Birmingham Centre for Burns Research University Hospital Birmingham Foundation TrustQueen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamMindelsohnWayEdgbastonBirminghamWest MidlandsB152THUnited Kingdom Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma Royal Centre for Defence MedicineQueen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamMindelsohnWayEdgbastonBirminghamWest MidlandsB152THUnited Kingdom Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences Centre for Computational BiologyUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamWest MidlandsB152TTUnited Kingdom

Background:Traumatic injury is associated with increased concentrations of cell-free DNA(cfDNA)in the circulation,which contribute to post-injury *** endonuclease deoxyribonuclease 1(DNase-1)is responsible for removing 90%of circulating ***,DNase activity was reported to be significantly reduced following major non-traumatic brain injury(TBI),but the processes responsible were not ***,it is not known how quickly following injury DNase activity is reduced and whether this also occurs after ***:At 3 post-injury time points(≤1,4–12 and 48–72 hours),blood samples were obtained from 155 adult trauma patients that had sustained an isolated TBI(n=21),TBI with accompanying extracranial injury(TBI^(+))(n=53)or an extracranial injury only(ECI)(n=81).In addition to measuring cfDNA levels and the activity and expression of DNase,circulating concentrations of monomeric globular action(G-actin),an inhibitor of DNase-1,and the actin scavenging proteins gelsolin(GSN)and vitamin D binding protein(VDBP)were determined and values compared to a cohort of healthy ***:Significantly elevated concentrations of plasma cfDNA were seen in TBI,TBI^(+)and ECI patients at all study time points when compared to healthy *** levels were significantly higher at≤1 hour post-injury in ECI patients who subsequently developed multiple organ dysfunction syndrome when compared to those who did *** DNase-1 protein was significantly elevated in all patient groups at all sampling time *** contrast,DNase enzyme activity was significantly reduced,with this impaired function evident in TBI^(+)patients within minutes of *** concentrations of G-actin were elevated in all patient cohorts in the immediate aftermath of injury and this was accompanied by a significant reduction in the levels of GSN and ***:The post-traumatic increase in circulating cfDNA that occurs following extracranial trauma and TBI

关键词： Cell-free DNA Deoxyribonuclease Extracellular actin scavenging system Pre-hospital Trauma

Pine wilt disease in Yunnan, China： Evidence of non-local pine sawyer Monochamus alternatus （Coleoptera： Cerambycidae） populations revealed by mitochondrial DNA

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Insect Science 2010年第5期17卷 439-447页

作者： Da-Ying Fu Shao-Ji Hu Hui Ye robert A. Haack Ping-Yang Zhou School of Life Sciences Yunnan University Kunming China USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station 1407 South Harrison Road East Lansing MI 48823 USA Forest Diseases and Pest Control ancl Quarantine Station of Dehong Prefecture Luxi Yunnan Province China

Monochamus alternatus （Hope） specimens were collected from nine geographical populations in China, where the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus （Steiner et Buhrer） was present. There were seven populations in southwestern China in Yunnan Province （Ruili, Wanding, Lianghe, Pu＇er, Huaning, Stone Forest and Yongsheng）, one in central China in Hubei Province （Wuhan）, and one in eastern China in Zhejiang Province （Hangzhou）. Twenty-two polymorphic sites were recognized and 18 haplotypes were established by analyzing a 565 bp gene fragment of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II （CO II）. Kimura two-parameter distances demonstrated that M. alternatus populations in Ruili, Wanding and Lianghe （in southwestern Yunnan） differed from the other four Yunnan populations but were similar to the Zhejiang population. No close relationship was found between the M. alternatus populations in Yunnan and Hubei. Phylogenetic reconstruction established a neighbor-joining （N J） tree, which divided haplotypes of southwestern Yunnan and the rest of Yunnan into different clades with considerable bootstrapping values. Analysis of molecular variance and spatial analysis of molecular variance also suggested significant genetic differentiation between M. alternatus populations in southwestern Yunnan and the rest of Yunnan. Our research suggests that non-local populations of M. alternates, possibly from eastern China, have become established in southwestern Yunnan. Key words mitochondrial DNA, non-local vector, pine wilt disease

关键词： mitochondrial DNA non-local vector pine wilt disease

INDIGO凝聚器——减少电除尘器可见排放物的有效技术

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INDIGO凝聚器——减少电除尘器可见排放物的有效技术

第十一届全国电除尘学术会议

作者： RODNEY TRUCE robert CRYNACK JOHN WILKINS WALUS harrison 王励前 Indigo科技公司微粒控制科技公司艾尼科环保技术公司

Indigo 凝聚器已经在5个电厂中使用,明显地改善了电除尘器的效率,且未受时间推移和煤种变化的影响。该5个电厂的电除尘器既有欧洲型也有美国型的,锅炉的燃烧布局也各不相同。燃煤来自澳洲、哥伦比亚、以及美国西部和东部。两年多来,Indi... 详细信息

Indigo 凝聚器已经在5个电厂中使用,明显地改善了电除尘器的效率,且未受时间推移和煤种变化的影响。该5个电厂的电除尘器既有欧洲型也有美国型的,锅炉的燃烧布局也各不相同。燃煤来自澳洲、哥伦比亚、以及美国西部和东部。两年多来,Indigo 凝聚器在多种条件下运行,重量排放浓度下降了30%～60%以上,排烟浊度降低了50～80% 以上。可以认为 Indigo 凝聚器是削减电除尘器排放的成功技术。

关键词：燃煤电厂电除尘器 INDIGO凝聚器除尘效率

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气候对格林兰岛冰盖不同位置融水的响应

气候对格林兰岛冰盖不同位置融水的响应