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A novel and promising engineering application of carbon dots:Enhancing the chloride binding performance of cement

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 409-416页

作者： Wu-jian Long Yang yu Chuang He Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering Key Lab of Coastal Urban Resilient InfrastructureMOECollege of Civil and Transportation EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Corrosion of reinforcement induced by chloride invasion is extensively considered as the dominating deterioration mechanism of reinforced concrete(RC)structures,leading to serious safety hazards and tremendous economic ***,it still lacks well dispersive and cost-efficient nanomaterials to improve the anti-chloride-corrosion ability of RC ***,specific carbon dots(CDs)with high dispersity and low cost are deliberately designed,successfully prepared by hydrothermal processing,and then firstly applied to immensely enhance chloride binding performance of cement,thereby contributing to suppressing the corrosion of ***,the tailored CDs are composed of the carbon core with highly crystalline sp^(2)C structures and oxygen-containing groups connecting on the carbon core;The typical equilibrium test confirms that with respect to that of the blank cement paste,the chloride binding capacity of cement paste involving 0.2 wt%(by weight of cement)CDs is increased by 109% after 14-day exposure to 3 mol/L Na Cl solution;according to comprehensive analyses of phase compositions,the chloride binding mechanism of CDs-modified cement is rationally attributed to the fact that the incorporation of CDs advances the formation of calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H)gels and Friedel's salt(Fs),thus enormously enhancing the physically adsorbed and chemically bound chloride ions of cement *** work not only firstly provides a novel high-dispersity and low-cost nanomaterial toward the durability enhancement of RC structures,but also broadens the application of CDs in the field of engineering,conducing to stimulating their industrialization development.

关键词： Carbon dots Chloride binding Cement Chloride binding mechanism Friedel’s salt

Physical neural networks with self-learning capabilities

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 23-42页

作者： Weichao yu Hangwen Guo jiang Xiao jian Shen State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center Fudan UniversityShanghai 201210China Department of Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093China

Physical neural networks are artificial neural networks that mimic synapses and neurons using physical systems or *** networks harness the distinctive characteristics of physical systems to carry out computations effectively,potentially surpassing the constraints of conventional digital neural networks.A recent advancement known as“physical self-learning”aims to achieve learning through intrinsic physical processes rather than relying on external *** article offers a comprehensive review of the progress made in implementing physical self-learning across various physical *** learning strategies that contribute to the realization of physical self-learning are *** challenges in understanding the fundamental mechanism of learning,this work highlights the progress towards constructing intelligent hardware from the ground up,incorporating embedded self-organizing and self-adaptive dynamics in physical systems.

关键词： self-learning physical neural networks neuromorphic computing physical learning

Delayed diagnosis in inflammatory bowel disease:Time to consider solutions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第35期30卷 3954-3958页

作者： hao Lv hao-yu Li hao-Nan Zhang Yang Liu Department of General Surgery Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina

In this editorial,we discuss a recently published manuscript by Blüthner et al in the World Journal of Gastroenterology,with a specific focus on the delayed diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).IBD,which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis,is a chronic intestinal disorder.A time lag may exist between the onset of inflammation and the appearance of signs and symptoms,potentially leading to an incorrect or delayed diagnosis,a situation referred to as the delayed diagnosis of *** diagnosis is crucial for effective patient treatment and prognosis,yet delayed diagnosis remains *** reasons for delayed diagnosis of IBD are numerous and not yet fully *** key factor is the nonspecific nature of IBD symptoms,which can easily be mistaken for other ***,the lack of specific diagnostic methods for IBD contributes to these *** diagnosis of IBD can result in numerous adverse consequences,including increased intestinal damage,fibrosis,a higher risk of colorectal cancer,and a decrease in the quality of life of the ***,it is essential to diagnose IBD promptly by raising physician awareness,enhancing patient education,and developing new diagnostic methods.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Delayed diagnosis Diagnostic methods Early diagnosis Consequences of inflammatory bowel disease

Scenario Modeling-Aided AP Placement Optimization Method for Indoor Localization and Network Access

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China Communications 2024年第3期21卷 37-50页

作者： Pan hao Chen yu Qi Xiaogang Liu Meili School of Mathematics and Statistics Xidian UniversityXi’an 710126China Science and Technology on Near-Surface Detection Laboratory Wuxi 214035China School of Software Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063China

Owing to the ubiquity of wireless networks and the popularity of WiFi infrastructures,received signal strength(RSS)-based indoor localization systems have received much *** placement of access points(APs)significantly influences localization accuracy and network ***,the indoor scenario and network access are not fully considered in previous AP placement optimization *** study proposes a practical scenario modelingaided AP placement optimization method for improving localization accuracy and network *** order to reduce the gap between simulation-based and field measurement-based AP placement optimization methods,we introduce an indoor scenario modeling and Gaussian process-based RSS prediction *** that,the localization and network access metrics are implemented in the multiple objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO)solution,Pareto front criterion and virtual repulsion force are applied to determine the optimal AP ***,field experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed indoor scenario modeling method and RSS prediction model.A thorough comparison confirms the localization and network access improvement attributed to the proposed anchor placement method.

关键词： indoor localization MOPSO network access RSS prediction

A UWB/IMU-Assisted Fingerprinting Localization Framework with Low Human Efforts

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China Communications 2024年第6期21卷 40-52页

With the rapid development of smart phone,the location-based services(LBS)have received great attention in the past *** to the widespread use of WiFi and Bluetooth devices,Received Signal Strength Indication(RSSI)fingerprintbased localization method has obtained much development in both academia and *** this work,we introduce an efficient way to reduce the labor-intensive site survey process,which uses an UWB/IMU-assisted fingerprint construction(UAFC)and localization framework based on the principle of Automatic radio map generation scheme(ARMGS)is proposed to replace the traditional manual *** be specific,UWB devices are employed to estimate the coordinates when the collector is moved in a reference point(RP).An anchor self-localization method is investigated to further reduce manual measurement work in a wide and complex environment,which is also a grueling,time-consuming process that is lead to artificial ***,the measurements of IMU are incorporated into the UWB localization algorithm and improve the label accuracy in *** addition,the weighted k-nearest neighbor(WKNN)algorithm is applied to online localization ***,filed experiments are carried out and the results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： indoor localization machine learning ultra wideband WiFi fingerprint

Sparse Modal Decomposition Method Addressing Underdetermined Vortex-Induced Vibration Reconstruction Problem for Marine Risers

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 285-296页

作者： DU Zun-feng ZHU Hai-ming yu jian-xing State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation School of Civil EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

When investigating the vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of marine risers,extrapolating the dynamic response on the entire length based on limited sensor measurements is a crucial step in both laboratory experiments and fatigue monitoring of real *** problem is conventionally solved using the modal decomposition method,based on the principle that the response can be approximated by a weighted sum of limited vibration ***,the method is not valid when the problem is underdetermined,i.e.,the number of unknown mode weights is more than the number of known *** study proposed a sparse modal decomposition method based on the compressed sensing theory and the Compressive Sampling Matching Pursuit(Co Sa MP)algorithm,exploiting the sparsity of VIV in the modal *** the validation study based on high-order VIV experiment data,the proposed method successfully reconstructed the response using only seven acceleration measurements when the conventional methods failed.A primary advantage of the proposed method is that it offers a completely data-driven approach for the underdetermined VIV reconstruction problem,which is more favorable than existing model-dependent solutions for many practical applications such as riser structural health monitoring.

关键词： motion reconstruction vortex-induced vibration(VIV) marine riser modal decomposition method compressed sensing

Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution using two-dimensional carbon nitride sheets with the removal of amine groups

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 446-450页

作者： yu Zhang Liting Wu Shaopeng Wang Dingyi Yang Huan Liang Yizhang Wu jian hao Youqing Wang jianke Liu Yong Wang Department of Physics Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710021China School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary ResearchXidian UniversityXi'an 710126China The State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology Xidian UniversityXi'an 710126China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Two-dimensional(2D)carbon nitride sheets(CNs)with atomically thin structures are regarded as one of the most promising materials for solar energy ***,due to their substantially enlarged bandgap caused by the strong quantum size effect and their incomplete polymerisation with a large number of non-condensed surface amino groups,the practical applicability of CNs in photocatalysis is *** this study,CNs with broad visible-light absorption were synthesised using a 5-min fast thermal *** removal of uncondensed amine groups reduces the bandgap of CNs from 3.06 eV to 2.60 eV,increasing their absorption of visible ***,the CNs were distorted after annealing,which can differentiate the spatial positions of electrons and holes,enhancing the visible-light absorption *** a result,when exposed to visible light,the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of atomically thin 2D CNs rose by 8.38 *** research presents a dependable and speedy method for creating highly effective visible-light photocatalysts with narrowed bandgaps and improved visible-light absorption.

关键词： 2D carbon nitride sheets Rapid thermal annealing DFT calculations Visible-light absorption visible-light photocatalysis

Primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from false vacuum islands

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期67卷 58-72页

作者： Rong-Gen Cai yu-Shi hao Shao-jiang Wang School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Recently,much attention has been focused on the false vacuum islands that are flooded by an expanding ocean of true-vacuum bubbles slightly later than most of the other parts of the *** delayed decay regions will accumulate locally larger vacuum energy density by staying in the false vacuum longer than those already transited into the true vacuum.A false vacuum island with thus acquired density contrast of a super-horizon size will evolve locally from radiation dominance to vacuum dominance,creating a local baby Universe that can be regarded effectively as a local closed *** such density contrasts of super-horizon sizes can ever grow large enough to exceed the threshold of gravitational collapse,primordial black holes will form similar to those collapsing curvature perturbations on super-horizon scales induced by small-scale enhancements during *** not,such density contrasts can still induce curvature perturbations potentially observable *** this paper,we revisit and elaborate on the generations of primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from delayed-decayed false vacuum islands during asynchronous first-order phase transitions with fitting formulas convenient for future model-independent studies.

关键词： first-order phase transitions primordial black holes curvature perturbations

New model of linkage evolution for the transtensional fault systems in the Nanpu Sag of Bohai Bay Basin: Insight from seismic interpretation and analogue modelling

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2287-2310页

作者： yu-Heng Wang Fu-Sheng yu Bao-Yin Zhao Ling-jian Meng College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum (Beijing) State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Jidong Oilfield Company PetroChina Limited Company

The evolution of faults within the same stress field is frequently influenced by numerous factors,involving the reactivation of pre-existing structures, stress transmission through ductile detachment layers, and the growth, interaction, as well as linkage of new fault segments. This study analyses a complex multi-phase oblique extension fault system in the Nanpu Sag(NPS) of the Bohai Bay Basin(BBB),China. High-resolution three-dimensional(3D) seismic data and analogue modelling indicate that the oblique extensional reactivation of pre-existing structures governs the sequential arrangement of fault segments in the caprock, and they dip synthetically to the reactivated fault at depth. During the NW-SE extension in the Eocene, the predominant movement of the pre-existing fault is strike-slip. Subsequently,during the N-S extension since the Oligocene, inclined at *** the pre-existing fault, forming splay fault segments and ultimately creating large en-echelon arcuate faults linked by relay ramps. Using fault throw-distance(T-D) and laser scanning, we reconstructed the fault evolution model of oblique extension reactivation in the presence of a ductile detachment basement. Our study illustrates that the arcuate faults can be categorized into linear master fault segments controlled by pre-existing structures, bending splay faults in the termination zone, and normal fault segments responding to the regional stress *** interaction between faults occurs among normal faults and strike-slip faults, and the kinematic unification of the two fault systems is accomplished in the intersection zone. As the faults continue to evolve, the new fault segments tend to relinquish the control of pre-existing structures and concentrate more on the development of planar and continuous major faults. The ductile detachment layer significantly contributes to the uniform distribution of strain, resulting in narrow shear zones and discontinuous normal faults in its absence.

关键词： Analogue modelling Transtensional deformation Fault linkage Fault intersection zone Nanpu Sag of Bohai Bay basin