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MOF-based materials facilitate efficient anaerobic digestion of organic wastes:integrating substrate bioavailability and microbial syntrophism

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 153-157页

作者： Haoyu Liu Ying Xu Xiang chen Xiankai Wang hang Wang Xiaohu Dai State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center China Three Gorges CorporationWuhan 430010China National Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment Protection for Yangtze River Economic Belt Wuhan 430010China

Anaerobic digestion(AD)of organic waste(OW)for methane production is generally *** of AD systems with traditional materials(e.g.,electroconductive materials)is a current focus of research and has been reported to assist methanogenesis by enhancing the productivity of microbial metabolism among syntrophic *** in the AD of organic wastewater,in which microbial cells come into direct contact with the dissolved substrate,in the complex multiphase AD system of OW,low substrate bioavailability is an inevitable obstacle to microbial syntrophism for ***,we propose that improving substrate bioavailability and microbial syntrophism is a powerful strategy for ensuring material-assisted efficient AD of *** on the above considerations,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),with their exceptionally high porosity,outstanding multi-functionality,and tuneable structures,have excellent potential for application in multiphase anaerobic systems of OW to integrate substrate bioavailability and microbial syntrophism and drive efficient *** addition,MOFs with designable and tuneable natures have great potential for use in identifying suitable materials for anaerobic systems for different types of OW via machine-learning technologies,thereby effectively enhancing methanogenesis from ***,the sustainable application of MOFs in AD and the corresponding environmental risks warrant further investigation.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Methane production Biodegradability Functional materials Metal-organic frameworks

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Breaking the Fe_(3)O_(4)-wrapped copper microstructure to enhance copper-slag separation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第10期31卷 2312-2325页

作者： Xiaopeng Chi Haoyu Liu Jun Xia hang chen Xiangtao Yu Wei Weng Shuiping Zhong Zijin School of Geology and Mining Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Fujian Key Laboratory of Green Extraction and High-Value Utilization of New Energy Metals Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Zijin Mining Group Co. Ltd.Longyan 364200China Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The precipitation of Fe_(3)O_(4)particles and the accompanied formation of Fe_(3)O_(4)-wrapped copper structure are the main obstacles to copper recovery from the molten slag during the pyrometallurgical smelting of copper ***,the commercial powdery pyrite or anthracite is replaced with pyrite-anthracite pellets as the reductants to remove a large amount of Fe_(3)O_(4)particles in the molten slag,resulting in a deep fracture in the Fe_(3)O_(4)-wrapped copper microstructure and the full exposure of the copper matte *** 1wt%composite pellet is used as the reductant,the copper matte droplets are enlarged greatly from 25μm to a size observable by the naked eye,with the copper content being enriched remarkably from 1.2wt%to 4.5wt%.Density functional theory calculation results imply that the formation of the Fe_(3)O_(4)-wrapped copper structure is due to the preferential adhesion of Cu_(2)S on the Fe_(3)O_(4)particles.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR),and Raman spectroscopy results all reveal that the high-efficiency conver-sion of Fe_(3)O_(4)to FeO can decrease the volume fraction of the solid phase and promote the depolymerization of silicate network *** a consequence,the settling of copper matte droplets is enhanced due to the lowered slag viscosity,contributing to the high efficiency of copper-slag separation for copper *** results provide new insights into the enhanced in-situ enrichment of copper from mol-ten slag.

关键词： pyrometallurgical smelting process slag cleaning reductants copper matte

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GLP-1 receptor agonists and myocardial metabolism in atrial fibrillation

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第5期14卷 653-665页

作者： Jiani Zhong hang chen Qiming Liu Shenghua Zhou Zhenguo Liu Yichao Xiao Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410011China Xiangya School of Medicine Central South UniversityChangsha410008China Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of MedicineSchool of MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA

Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common cardiac *** medical conditions,including hypertension,diabetes,obesity,sleep apnea,and heart failure(HF),increase the risk for *** have unique metabolic characteristics to maintain adenosine triphosphate *** changes occur in myocardial metabolism in ***-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)have been used to control blood glucose fluctuations and weight in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and ***-1RAs have also been shown to reduce oxidative stress,inflammation,autonomic nervous system modulation,and mitochondrial *** article reviews the changes in metabolic characteristics in cardiomyocytes in *** the clinical trial outcomes are unsatisfactory,the findings demonstrate that GLP-1 RAs can improve myocardial metabolism in the presence of various risk factors,lowering the incidence of AF.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Metabolism

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A 48-bp deletion upstream of LIGULELESS 1 alters rice panicle architecture

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 354-363页

作者： Linhua Wu Min Hu Shuwei Lyu Wenfeng chen hang Yu Qing Liu Wei He chen Li Zuofeng Zhu Rice Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640GuangdongChina National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants(Rice) Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China(Co-construction by Ministry and Province) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangzhou 510640GuangdongChina Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding Guangzhou 510640GuangdongChina Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory Guangzhou 510640GuangdongChina

Panicle architecture is an agronomic determinant of crop yield and a target for cereal crop *** investigate its molecular mechanisms in rice,we performed map-based cloning and characterization of OPEN PANICLE 1(OP1),a gain-of-function allele of LIGULELESS 1(LG1),controlling the spread-panicle *** allele results from a 48-bp deletion in the LG1 upstream region and promotes pulvinus development at the base of the primary *** OP1 expression and altered panicle phenotype in chimeric transgenic plants and upstream-region knockout mutants indicated that the deletion regulates spread-panicle architecture in the mutant spread panicle 1(sp1).Knocking out BRASSINOSTEROID UPREGULATED1(BU1)gene in the background of OP1 complementary plants resulted in compact panicles,suggesting OP1 may regulate inflorescence architecture via the brassinosteroid signaling *** regard that manipulating the upstream regulatory region of OP1 or genes involved in BR signal pathway could be an efficient way to improve rice inflorescence architecture.

关键词： Upstream region Panicle architecture Gene expression BR Rice

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Thermal safety boundary of lithium-ion battery at different state of charge

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 59-72页

作者： hang Wu Siqi chen Yan Hong chengshan Xu Yuejiu Zheng Changyong Jin Kaixin chen Yafei He Xuning Feng Xuezhe Wei Haifeng Dai Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China College of Mechanical Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Thermal runaway(TR)is a critical issue hindering the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Understanding the thermal safety behavior of LIBs at the cell and module level under different state of charges(SOCs)has significant implications for reinforcing the thermal safety design of the lithium-ion battery *** study first investigates the thermal safety boundary(TSB)correspondence at the cells and modules level under the guidance of a newly proposed concept,safe electric quantity boundary(SEQB).A reasonable thermal runaway propagation(TRP)judgment indicator,peak heat transfer power(PHTP),is proposed to predict whether TRP ***,a validated 3D model is used to quantitatively clarify the TSB at different SOCs from the perspective of PHTP,TR trigger temperature,SOC,and the full cycle ***,three different TRP transfer modes are *** interconversion relationship of three different TRP modes is investigated from the perspective of *** paper explores the TSB of LIBs under different SOCs at both cell and module levels for the first time,which has great significance in guiding the thermal safety design of battery systems.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Battery safety Thermal runaway State of charge Numerical analysis

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Improved nuclear mass formula with an additional term from the Fermi gas model

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 131-138页

作者： Xiao-Yu Xu Li Deng Ai-Xi chen hang Yang Amir Jalili Han-Kui Wang School of Science Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Nuclear mass is a fundamental property of nuclear physics and a necessary input in nuclear *** to the complexity of atomic nuclei and nonperturbative strong interactions,conventional physical models cannot completely describe nuclear binding *** this study,the mass formula was improved by considering an additional term from the Fermi gas *** nuclear masses in the Atomic Mass Evaluation Database were reproduced with a root-mean-square deviation(RMSD)of -1.86 MeV(1.92 MeV).The new mass formula exhibits good performance in the neutron-rich nuclear *** RMSD decreases to 0.393 MeV when the ratio of the neutron number to the proton number is≥1.6.

关键词： Nuclear mass formula Neutron-rich nuclei Fermi-gas model

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A survey on model-based reinforcement learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 59-84页

作者： Fan-Ming LUO Tian XU hang LAI Xiong-Hui chen Weinan Zhang Yang YU National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Polixir. ai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Reinforcement learning(RL) interacts with the environment to solve sequential decision-making problems via a trial-and-error approach. Errors are always undesirable in real-world applications, even though RL excels at playing complex video games that permit several trial-and-error attempts. To improve sample efficiency and thus reduce errors, model-based reinforcement learning(MBRL) is believed to be a promising direction, as it constructs environment models in which trial-and-errors can occur without incurring actual costs. In this survey, we investigate MBRL with a particular focus on the recent advancements in deep RL. There is a generalization error between the learned model of a non-tabular environment and the actual environment. Consequently, it is crucial to analyze the disparity between policy training in the environment model and that in the actual environment, guiding algorithm design for improved model learning, model utilization, and policy training. In addition, we discuss the recent developments of model-based techniques in other forms of RL, such as offline RL, goal-conditioned RL, multi-agent RL, and meta-RL. Furthermore,we discuss the applicability and benefits of MBRL for real-world tasks. Finally, this survey concludes with a discussion of the promising future development prospects for MBRL. We believe that MBRL has great unrealized potential and benefits in real-world applications, and we hope this survey will encourage additional research on MBRL.

关键词： reinforcement learning model-based reinforcement learning planning model learning model learning with reduced error model usage

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Comparison of Cerebral Metabolism between Pig Ventricular Fibrillation and Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest Models

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第12期128卷 1643-1648页

作者： Yi Zhang Chun-Sheng Li Cai-Jun Wu Jun Yang chen-chen hang Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100020 China Department of Emergency Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100020 China

Background：Morbidity and mortality after resuscitation largely depend on the recovery of brain *** fibrillation cardiac arrest （VFCA） and asphyxial cardiac arrest （ACA） are the two most prevalent causes of sudden cardiac *** to now,most studies have focused on ***,results from the two models have been largely ***,it is necessary to characterize the features of postresuscitation cerebral metabolism of both ***：Forty-four Wuzhishan miniature inbred pigs were randomly divided into three groups：18 for VFCA group,ACA group,respectively,and other 8 for sham-operated group （SHAM）.VFCA was induced by programmed electric stimulation,andACA was induced by endotracheal tube *** 8 min without treatment,standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation （CPR） was *** neurological deficit scores （NDS） were evaluated at 24 h after achievement of spontaneous circulation,cerebral metabolism showed as the maximum standardized uptake value （SUVmax） was measured by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed *** of serum markers of brain injury,neuron specific enolase （NSE）,and S100β were quantified with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent ***：Compared with VFCA group,fewer ACA animals achieved restoration of spontaneous circulation （61.1% vs.94.4%,P 〈 0.01） and survived 24-h after resuscitation （38.9% vs.77.8%,P 〈 0.01） with worse neurological outcome （NDS：244.3 ± 15.3 vs.168.8 ± 9.71,P 〈 0.01）.The CPR duration of ACA group was longer than that of VFCA group （8.1 ± 1.2 min vs.4.5 ± 1.1 min,P 〈 0.01）.Cerebral energy metabolism showed as SUVmax in ACA was lower than in VFCA （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）.Higher serum biomarkers of brain damage （NSE,S100β） were found inACA than VFCA after resuscitation （P 〈 0.01）.Conclusions：Compared with VFCA,ACA causes more severe cerebral metabolism injuries with less successful resuscitation and worse neurological outcome.

关键词： Asphyxia Cardiac Arrest Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Ventricular Fibrillation

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Renal Doppler and Novel Biomarkers to Assess Acute Kidney Injury in a Swine Model of Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第22期128卷 3069-3075页

作者： Xue Mei chen-chen hang Shuo Wang Chun-Sheng Li Ze-Xing Yu Department of Emergency Beijing Chao-Yang HospitaL Capital Medical University Beijing 100020 China Department of Ultrasound Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100020 China

Background： Majority of the research on cardiac arrest （CA） have focused on post-CA brain injury and myocardial dysfunction, the renal dysfunction and acute kidney injury （AKI） in other critical illnesses after CA have not been well described. This study was designed to assess AKI with renal Doppler and novel AK1 biomarkers in a swine model of ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest （VFCA）. Methods： Thirty healthy piglets were divided into VFCA group （17 = 22） and Sham group （n = 8） in a blinded manner. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate. and cardiac output were recorded continuously. Cardiac arrest （CA） was induced by programmed electric stimulation in the VFCA group, and then cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed. Twenty piglets returned of spontaneous circulation （ROSC） and received intensive care. Blood and urine samples were collected for AKI biomarkers testing, and Color Doppler flow imaging was performed at baseline, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 11. respectively after ROSC. At ROSC 24 h, the animals were sacrificed and a semi-quantitative evaluation of pathologic kidney injury was performed. Results： In the VFCA group, corrected resistive index （cRl） increased from 0.47 ± 0.03 to 0.64 ± 0.06, and pulsatility index （PI） decreased from 0.82 ± 0.03 to 0.68 ± 0.04 after ROSC. Cystatin C （CysC） in both serum and urine samples increased at ROSC 6 h, but neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin （NGAL） in serum increased to 5.34 ± 1.68 ng/ml at ROSC 6 h, and then decreased to 3.16 ± 0.69 ng/ml at ROSC 24 h while CysC increasing constantly. According to the renal histopathology, 18 of 20 animals suffered from kidney injury. The grade of renal injury was highly correlated with RI, cRI, NGAL, and CysC. Linear regression equation was established： Grade of renal injury = 0.002× serum CysC ＋ 6.489 × PI ＋ 4.544 × cRI - 8.358 （r^2 = 0.698, F = 18.506, P 〈 0.001）. Conclusions： AKI is common in post-CA syndrome. Renal Doppler and novel AKI biomarkers in serum and urine are of sig

关键词： Acute Kidney Injury Cardiac Arrest Cystatin C Doppler Ultrasonography Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin

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Burst-mode pulse generation in passively mode-locked all-fiber green/orange lasers at 543 nm and 602 nm

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1231-1238页

作者： QIUJUN RUAN JINHAI ZOU CHUNNA FENG TINGTING chen hang WANG ZHIPENG DONG ZHENGQIAN LUO Fujian Key Laboratory of Ultrafast Laser Technology and Applications School of Electronic Science and EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Shenzhen Research Institution of Xiamen University Shenzhen 518000China

We report on the experimental realization of,to the best of our knowledge,the first green and orange passively mode-locked all-fiber *** mode-locking in the burst-pulse status is achieved at the wavelengths of 543.3 nm and 602.5 *** figure-9 cavity comprises the fiber end-facet mirror,gain fiber(Ho^(3+):ZBLAN fiber or Pr^(3+)/Yb^(3+):ZBLAN fiber),and fiber loop mirror(FLM).The FLM with long 460 HP fiber is not only used as an output mirror,but also acts as a nonlinear optical loop mirror for initiating visible-wavelength *** green/orange mode-locked fiber lasers with the fundamental repetition rates of 3.779/5.662 MHz produce long bursts containing ultrashort pulses with the 0.85/0.76 GHz intra-burst repetition rates,*** ultrashort intra-burst pulses stem from the dissipative four-wave-mixing effect in the highly nonlinear FLM as well as the intracavity Fabry–Perot *** bursts of 22.2/11.6 ns with ultrashort pulses of 87/62 ps are obtained in our *** visible-wavelength passively mode-locked lasers in an all-fiber configuration and burst-mode would represent an important step towards miniaturized ultrafast fiber lasers and may contribute to the applications in ablation-cooling micromachining,biomedicine imaging,and scientific research.

关键词： fiber passive pulse

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