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Interorgan communication in neurogenic heterotopic ossification: the role of brain-derived extracellular vesicles

Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 137-152页

作者： Weicheng Lu Jianfei Yan Chenyu Wang Wenpin Qin Xiaoxiao han Zixuan Qin Yu Wei Haoqing Xu Jialu Gao Changhe Gao tao Ye Franklin R.Tay Lina Niu Kai Jiao Department of Stomatology Tangdu Hospital&State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration&School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxiChina The Dental College of Georgia Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Brain-derived extracellular vesicles participate in interorgan communication after traumatic brain injury by transporting pathogens to initiate secondary ***-related proteins encapsulated in brain-derived extracellular vesicles can cross the blood‒brain barrier to reach distal *** proteins initiate inflammatory dysfunction,such as neurogenic heterotopic *** recurrent condition is highly debilitating to patients because of its relatively unknown pathogenesis and the lack of effective prophylactic intervention ***,a rat model of neurogenic heterotopic ossification induced by combined traumatic brain injury and achillotenotomy was developed to address these two *** examination of the injured tendon revealed the coexistence of ectopic calcification and fibroblast *** relationships among brain-derived extracellular vesicles,fibroblast pyroptosis and ectopic calcification were further investigated in vitro and in *** injection of the pyroptosis inhibitor Ac-YVAD-cmk reversed the development of neurogenic heterotopic ossification in *** present work highlights the role of brain-derived extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of neurogenic heterotopic ossification and offers a potential strategy for preventing neurogenic heterotopic ossification after traumatic brain injury.

关键词： neurogenic ossification pathogenesis

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High‐fat‐diet‐induced obesity promotes simultaneous progression of lung cancer and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E‐knockout mice

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Cancer Innovation 2024年第4期3卷 103-112页

作者： Yihao Wang Kaixin Yan han Duan Ning tao Shaoning Zhu Yuning Zhang Yonggang You Zhen Zhang Hua Wang Shunying Hu Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine BeijingChina Department of Orthopaedics Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina

Background:Clinical studies have shown that atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and cancer often co‐exist in the same *** present study aimed to investigate the role of high‐fat‐diet(HFD)‐induced obesity in the coexistence of the two diseases and the underlying mechanism in apolipoprotein E‐knockout(ApoE^(−/−))***:Male ApoE^(−/−)mice were fed with a HFD or a normal diet(ND)for 15 *** the first day of Week 13,the mice were inoculated subcutaneously in the right axilla with Lewis lung cancer *** Weeks 12 and 15,serum lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1(LOX‐1)and vascular endothelial growth factor levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay,and blood monocytes and macrophages were measured by fluorescence‐activated cell *** Week 15,the volume and weight of the local subcutaneous lung cancer and metastatic lung cancer and the amount of aortic atherosclerosis were ***:At Week 15,compared with mice in the ND group,those in the HFD group had a larger volume of local subcutaneous cancer(p=0.0004),heavier tumors(p=0.0235),more metastatic cancer in the lungs(phan those in the ND group(p=0.0002,p=0.0029,p=0.0480,and p=0.0106,respectively);this trend persisted until Week 15(p=0.0014,p=0.0012,p=0.0001,and p=0.0204).Conclusions:In this study,HFD‐induced obesity could simultaneously promote progression of lung cancer and atherosclerosis in the same ***‐induced upregulation of LOX‐1 may play an important role in the simultaneous progression of these two conditions via the inflammatory response and VEGF.

关键词： atherosclerosis high‐fat diet LOX‐1 lung cancer obesity

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Mitochondrial energy metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy:Physiological adaption,pathogenesis,and therapeutic targets

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第8期137卷 936-948页

作者： Wanlin Ye Kun han Maodi Xie Sheyu Li Guo Chen Yanyan Wang tao Li Department of Anesthesiology Laboratory of Mitochondria and MetabolismNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Anesthesiology West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan UniversityMinistry of EducationChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Division of Guideline and Rapid RecommendationCochrane China CenterMAGIC China CenterChinese Evidence-Based Medicine CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is defined as abnormal structure and function of the heart in the setting of diabetes,which could eventually develop heart failure and leads to the death of the *** blood glucose control and medications to heart failure show beneficial effects on this disease,there is currently no specific treatment for diabetic *** the past few decades,the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy has been extensively studied,and an increasing number of studies pinpoint that impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism is a key mediator as well as a therapeutic *** this review,we summarize the latest research in the field of diabetic cardiomyopathy,focusing on mitochondrial damage and adaptation,altered energy substrates,and potential therapeutic targets.A better understanding of the mitochondrial energy metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy may help to gain more mechanistic insights and generate more precise mitochondria-oriented therapies to treat this disease.

关键词： Mitochondria Mitochondrial energy metabolism Diabetic cardiomyopathies Physiology Physiological adaption Pathogenesis Therapeutics

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Hepatocyte growth factor enhances the ability of dental pulp stem cells to ameliorate atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 575-590页

作者： han Duan Ning tao Lin Lv Kai-Xin Yan Yong-Gang You Zhuang Mao Chang-Yao Wang Xue Li Jia-Yan Jin Chu-Tse Wu Hua Wang School of Life Sciences Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002Hebei ProvinceChina Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine Beijing 100850China Department of Cardiology The Sixth Medical CentreChinese People’s Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100037China Department of Orthopaedics The Fourth Medical CentreChinese People’s Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100853China Third Cadet Regiment School of Basic Medical ScienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi’an 710032Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis(AS),a chronic inflammatory disease of blood vessels,is a major contributor to cardiovascular *** pulp stem cells(DPSCs)are capable of exerting immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by secreting cytokines and exosomes and are widely used to treat autoimmune and inflam-mation-related *** growth factor(HGF)is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a key role in many inflammatory and autoimmune *** To modify DPSCs with HGF(DPSC-HGF)and evaluate the therapeutic effect of DPSC-HGF on AS using an apolipoprotein E-knockout(ApoE-/-)mouse model and an in vitro cellular *** ApoE-/-mice were fed with a high-fat diet(HFD)for 12 wk and injected with DPSC-HGF or Ad-Null modified DPSCs(DPSC-Null)through tail vein at weeks 4,7,and 11,respectively,and the therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms were analyzed by histopathology,flow cytometry,lipid and glucose measurements,real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at the different time points of the *** in vitro inflammatory cell model was established by using RAW264.7 cells and human aortic endothelial cells(HAOECs),and indirect co-cultured with supernatant of DPSC-Null(DPSC-Null-CM)or DPSC-HGF-CM,and the effect and mechanisms were analyzed by flow cytometry,RT-PCR and western *** factor-κB(NF-κB)activators and inhibitors were also used to validate the related signaling *** DPSC-Null and DPSC-HGF treatments decreased the area of atherosclerotic plaques and reduced the expression of inflammatory factors,and the percentage of macrophages in the aorta,and DPSC-HGF treatment had more pronounced *** treatment had no effect on serum lipoprotein *** FACS results showed that DPSCs treatment reduced the percentages of monocytes,neutrophils,and M1 macrophages in the peripheral blood and ***-Null-CM and DPSC-HGF-CM reduced adhesion molecule expression in tu

关键词： Atherosclerosis Apolipoprotein E-knockout mice Cell therapy Dental pulp stem cells Hepatocyte growth factor

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Mufangji tang ameliorates pulmonary arterial hypertension through improving vascular remodeling,inhibiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress,and inducing apoptosis

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Traditional Medicine Research 2024年第2期9卷 52-65页

作者： Yu-Ming Wang Hong-Wei tao Feng-Chan Wang Ping han Na Liu Guo-Jing Zhao Hai-Bo Hu Xue-Chao Lu College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Qingdao Hiser hospital)Qingdao 266000China.

Background:Mufangji tang(MFJT)is composed of Ramulus Cinnamomi,Radix Ginseng,Cocculus orbiculatus(Linn.)DC.,and *** clinical settings,MFJT has been effectively employed in addressing a range of respiratory disorders,notably including pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH).However,the mechanism of action of MFJT on PAH remains ***:In this study,a monocrotaline-induced PAH rat model was established and treated with *** therapeutic effects of MFJT on PAH rat model were *** pharmacology was conducted to screen the possible targets for MFJT on PAH,and the molecular docking between the main active components and the core targets was carried *** key targets identified from network pharmacology were ***:Results showed significant therapeutic effects of MFJT on PAH rat *** of network pharmacology revealed several potential targets related to apoptosis,inflammation,oxidative stress,and vascular *** docking showed that the key components were well docked with the core *** experimental validation results that MFJT treatment induced apoptosis(downregulated Bcl-2 levels and upregulated Bax levels in lung tissue),inhibited inflammatory response and oxdative stress(decreased the levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,inducible NOS,and malondialdehyde,and increased the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase,nitric oxide,glutathione and superoxide dismutase),reduced the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells(downregulated ET-1 andβ-catenin levels and ERK1.2 phosphorylation,increased GSK3βlevels).Conclusion:Our study revealed MFJT treatment could alleviate PAH in rats via induction of apoptosis,inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress,and the prevention of vascular remodeling.

关键词： Mufangji tang pulmonary arterial hypertension apoptosis inflammatory response oxidative stress vascular remodeling

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Lumbar and neck injuries of occupants in different reclining postures

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第4期27卷 211-217页

作者： Di-Yi Liu Sen Xiao Fei-Fei han Bo-tao Hu School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300131China CATARC(Tianjin) Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co.Ltd.Tianjin300399China

Purpose:With the increasing level of automation in automobiles,the advent of autonomous vehicles hasreduced the tendency of drivers and passengers to focus on the task of *** increasing automation in automobiles reduced the drivers'and passengers'focus on driving,which allowed occupants tochoose a more relaxed and comfortable sitting ***,the occupant's sitting position wentfrom a frontal,upright position to a more relaxed and reclined one,which resulted in the existing restraint systems cannot to keep occupants safe and *** study aimed to determine the effects ofdifferent reclining states on occupants'lumbar and neck ***:This is an original research on the field of automotive safety *** indifferent initial sitting positions(25°,35°,45°,and 55°)were adapted to changes in seat back angle andrestraint systems and placed in the same frontal impact *** injury indexes,lumbar axialcompression force and acceleration,as well as occupant dynamic response during the impact,werecompared in different sitting *** injury response and kinematic characteristics of occupants indifferent reclining positions were analyzed by the control variable ***:As the sitting angle increased,the occupant's head acceleration decreased,and the forward-leanangle *** in the standard sitting position had the greatest neck injury,with an Nij of0.95,and were susceptible to abbreviated injury scale 2+cervical medullary *** the seatbackangle increased,the geometric position of the lumbar spine tended to be horizontal,and the impact loadtransmitted greater forces to the lumbar *** occupant's lumbar injury was greatest in the lyingposition,with a peak axial compression force on the lumbar region of 5.5 KN,which was 2.3 KN greaterthan in the standard sitting ***:The study of occupant lumbar and neck injuries based on different recline states can providea theoretical bas

关键词： Frontal impact Recline position Lumbar injury Neck injury Kinematics Road traffic injury Road safety

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Negative enthalpy alloys and local chemical ordering:a concept and route leading to synergy of strength and ductility

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 172-184页

作者： Zibing An tao Yang Caijuan Shi Shengcheng Mao Lihua Wang Ang Li Wei Li Xianmeng Xue Ming Sun Yifan Bai Yapeng He Fuzeng Ren Zhouguang Lu Ming Yan Yang Ren Chain-Tsuan Liu Ze Zhang Xiaodong han Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials College of Materials Science &Engineering Beijing University of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Partial Acceleration Physics& Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Materials Science &Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University

Solid solutions are ubiquitous in metals and alloys. Local chemical ordering(LCO) is a fundamental sub-nano/nanoscale process that occurs in many solid solutions and can be used as a microstructure to optimize strength and ductility. However, the formation of LCO has not been fully elucidated, let alone how to provide efficient routes for designing LCO to achieve synergistic effects on both superb strength and ductility. Herein, we propose the formation and control of LCO in negative enthalpy alloys. With engineering negative enthalpy in solid solutions, genetic LCO components are formed in negative enthalpy refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs). In contrast to conventional ‘trial-and-error' approaches, the control of LCO by using engineering negative enthalpy in RHEAs is instructive and results in superior strength(1160 MPa) and uniform ductility(24.5%) under tension at ambient temperature, which are among the best reported so far. LCO can promote dislocation cross-slip, enhancing the interaction between dislocations and their accumulation at large tensile strains; sustainable strain hardening can thereby be attained to ensure high ductility of the alloy. This work paves the way for new research fields on negative enthalpy solid solutions and alloys for the synergy of strength and ductility as well as new functions.

关键词： negative enthalpy alloys local chemical ordering strength ductility dislocation

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Structural transition,electric transport,and electronic structures in the compressed trilayer nickelate La_(4)Ni_(3)O_(10)

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 9-15页

作者： Jingyuan Li Cui-Qun Chen Chaoxin Huang Yifeng han Mengwu Huo Xing Huang Peiyue Ma Zhengyang Qiu Junfeng Chen Xunwu Hu Lan Chen tao Xie Bing Shen Hualei Sun Dao-Xin Yao Meng Wang Center for Neutron Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and DevicesSchool of PhysicsSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Center for Materials of the Universe School of Molecular SciencesArizona State UniversityTempe 85287USA School of Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China

Atomic structure and electronic band structure are fundamental properties for understanding the mechanism of superconductivity. Motivated by the discovery of pressure-induced high-temperature superconductivity at 80 K in the bilayer Ruddlesden-Popper nickelate La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7), the atomic structure and electronic band structure of the trilayer nickelate La_(4)Ni_(3)O_(10) under pressure up to 44.3 GPa are investigated. A structural transition from the monoclinic P2_(1)/a space group to the tetragonal I4/mmm around 12.6-13.4 GPa is identified, accompanied by a drop of resistance below 7 K. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the bonding state of Ni 3d_(z^(2)) orbital rises and crosses the Fermi level at high pressures, which may give rise to possible superconductivity observed in resistance under pressure in La_(4)Ni_(3)O_(10). The trilayer nickelate La_(4)Ni_(3)O_(10) shows some similarities with the bilayer La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7) and has unique properties, providing a new platform to investigate the underlying mechanism of superconductivity in nickelates.

关键词： La_(4)Ni_(3)O_(10) high pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction structural transition DFT calculations

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Cover story: Quark/gluon taggers light the way to new physics

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 M0001-M0001页

作者： tao han University of Pittsburgh

Quarks and gluons are elementary particles,according to Quantum-chromo Dynamics(QCD),to bound together to form the protons,neutrons and other *** to the nature of the strong force in QCD,quarks and gluons are not free particles,rather manifesting themselves in high energy collisions by a bunch of energetic hadrons,dubbed as"jets".Thus,discriminating a quark from a gluon possesses a significant challenge because of the limited information and poor understanding of the hadronic ***,it is of fundamental importance to distinguish a quark from a gluon,not only because of the need to understand the QCD to a deeper level,but also the fact that quarks and gluons may lead to different characteristics coming from electroweak interactions and new physics beyond the Standard Model(SM)of the elementary particle *** has been known as one of the most important,but challenging tasks at hadron colliders,such as the Large Hadron Collider(LHC).

关键词： quark elementary Quark

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Geological conditions and reservoir characteristics of various shales in major shalehosted regions of China

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China Geology 2024年第1期7卷 138-149页

作者： Shu-jing Bao Tian-xu Guo Jin-tao Yin Wei-bin Liu Sheng-jian Wang Hao-han Li Zhi Zhou Shi-zhen Li Xiang-lin Chen The Key Laboratory of Unconventional Petroleum Geology China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural Resources100083 BeijingChina Oil and Gas Survey China Geological Survey100083 BeijingChina Research Institute of Yanchang Petroleum(Group)CO.LTD 710076 Xi’anChina

China is home to shales of three facies:Marine shale,continental shale,and marine-continental transitional *** types of shale gas are associated with significantly different formation conditions and major controlling *** study compared the geological characteristics of various shales and analyzed the influences of different parameters on the formation and accumulation of shale *** general,shales in China’s several regions exhibit high total organic carbon(TOC)contents,which lays a sound material basis for shale gas *** strata generally show high degrees of thermal *** contrast,continental shales manifest low degrees of thermal evolution,necessitating focusing on areas with relatively high degrees of thermal evolution in the process of shale gas surveys for these *** shales of the Wufeng and Silurian formations constitute the most favorable shale gas reservoirs since they exhibit the highest porosity among the three types of *** shales are followed by those in the Niutitang and Longtan *** contrast,the shales of the Doushantuo,Yanchang,and Qingshankou formations manifest low ***,the shales of the Wufeng and Longmaxi formations exhibit high brittle mineral *** a low siliceous mineral content,the shales of the Doushantuo Formation feature a high carbonate mineral content,which can increase the shales’brittleness to some *** marine-continental transitional shales,where thin interbeds of tight sandstone with unequal thicknesses are generally found,it is recommended that fracturing combined with drainage of multiple sets of lithologic strata should be employed to enhance their shale gas production.

关键词： Shale gas Marine shale Continental shale Marine-continental transitional shale Neoproterozoic-Cretaceous strata Geological conditions Reservoir characteristics Petroleum geological survey engineering

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