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Science China Mathematics 2012年第9期55卷 1749-1760页

作者： hale nicholas TREFETHEN Lloyd N Mathematical Institute University of OxfordOxford OX1 3LBUK

Chebfun is a Matlab-based software system that overloads Matlab's discrete operations for vectors and matrices to analogous continuous operations for functions and *** begin by describing Chebfun's fast capabilities for Clenshaw-Curtis and also Gauss-Legendre,-Jacobi,-Hermite,and-Laguerre quadrature,based on algorithms of Waldvogel and Glaser,Liu and *** we consider how such methods can be applied to quadrature problems including 2D integrals over rectangles,fractional derivatives and integrals,functions defined on unbounded intervals,and the fast computation of weights for barycentric interpolation.

关键词： Chebfun Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature Gauss quadrature barycentric interpolation formula Riemann-Liouville integral fractional calculus

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Cyclomatic Complexity and Lines of Code: Empirical Evidence of a Stable Linear Relationship

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2009年第3期2卷 137-143页

作者： Graylin JAY Joanne E. hale Randy K. SMITH David hale nicholas A. KRAFT Charles WARD 不详

Researchers have often commented on the high correlation between McCabe’s Cyclomatic Complexity (CC) and lines of code (LOC). Many have believed this correlation high enough to justify adjusting CC by LOC or even substituting LOC for CC. However, from an empirical standpoint the relationship of CC to LOC is still an open one. We undertake the largest statistical study of this relationship to date. Employing modern regression techniques, we find the linearity of this relationship has been severely underestimated, so much so that CC can be said to have absolutely no explana-tory power of its own. This research presents evidence that LOC and CC have a stable practically perfect linear rela-tionship that holds across programmers, languages, code paradigms (procedural versus object-oriented), and software processes. Linear models are developed relating LOC and CC. These models are verified against over 1.2 million randomly selected source files from the SourceForge code repository. These files represent software projects from three target languages (C, C++, and Java) and a variety of programmer experience levels, software architectures, and de-velopment methodologies. The models developed are found to successfully predict roughly 90% of CC’s variance by LOC alone. This suggest not only that the linear relationship between LOC and CC is stable, but the aspects of code complexity that CC measures, such as the size of the test case space, grow linearly with source code size across lan-guages and programming paradigms.

关键词： Software Complexity Software Metrics Cyclomatic Complexity

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Conscious or unconscious:The impact of sedation choice on colon adenoma detection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第34期17卷 3912-3915页

作者： Mark Metwally nicholas Agresti William B hale Victor Ciofoaia Ryan O＇Connor Michael B Wallace Jonathan Fine Yun Wang Seth A Gross Department of Gastroenterology Norwalk Hospital 34 Stevens St. Norwalk CT 06850 United States Department of Gastroenterology Mayo Clinic 4500 San Pablo Road FL 32224 United States Department of Statistics Yale University 333 Cedar Street New Haven CT 06510 USA 34 Stevens St. Norwalk CT 06850 United States

AIM: To determine if anesthesiologist-monitored useof propofol results in improved detection of adenomaswhen compared with routine conscious sedation. METHODS: This retrospective study was conductedat two separate hospital-based endoscopy units whereapproximately 12 000 endoscopic procedures are permed annually, with one endoscopy unit exclusivelyusing anesthesiologist-monitored propofol. Three thousand two hundred and fifty-two patients underwent initial screening or surveillance colonoscopies. Our primaryend point was the adenoma detection rate, def ined asthe number of patients in whom at least one adenomawas found, associated with the type of sedation. RESULTS: Three thousand two hundred and fi ftytwooutpatient colonoscopies were performed by fi ve selected endoscopists. At least one adenoma was detected in 27.6% of patients (95% CI = 26.0-29.1) with no difference in the detection rate between the anesthes-ologist propofol and group and the gastroenterologist-midazolam/fentanyl group (28.1% vs 27.1%, P = 0.53). CONCLUSION: The type of sedation used during colonoscopy does not affect the number of patients in whom adenomatous polyps are detected.

关键词： Sedation Colonoscopy Adenoma

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Cyclomatic Complexity and Lines of Code: Empirical Evidence of a Stable Linear Relationship

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications（软件工程与应用） 2009年第3期

作者： Graylin Jay Joanne E. hale Randy K. Smith David hale nicholas A. Kraft Charles Ward

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