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Pellet Injectors Developed at the Pelin Laboratory for Steady-State Plasma Fuelling

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Plasma Science and Technology 2004年第3期6卷 2286-2290页

作者： I.Vinyar A.Geraud h.yamada R.Sakamoto y.Oda A.Lukin A.Umov S.Skoblikov G.Gros G.Saksaganskii P.Reznichenko I.Krasilnikov V.Panchenko PELIN Laboratory Ltd. 2 Admiral Makarov St. Moscow 125212 Russia Association Euratom-CEA Departement de Recherches sur la Fusion Controllee CEA/Cadarache 13108 St Paul Lez Durance France National Institute for Fusion Science 322-6 Oroshi-cho Toki-shi 509-5292 Japan Mitsubishi heavy Industries Ltd. 1-1 Wadasaki-cho 1-Chome Hyogo-ku Kobe-shi 652-8585 Japan D. V. Efremov Scientific Research Institute of Electrophysical Apparatus St. Petersburg 196641 Russia

Pneumatic and centrifugal injectors for steady-state plasma refuelling bysolid hydrogen, deuterium and tritium pellets have been designed at the PELIN Laboratory to meetrequirements of LhD, TORE SUPRA, and ITER. Prese... 详细信息

关键词： pellet plasma fuelling

Photoexcitation of Dihydroquinazolinone Anionic Compounds:Difluoroalkylarylation and Difluoroalkylamination of Alkenes

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第10期6卷 2549-2559页

作者： Jian-Xiong yang Jia-Qing hu Qi Wen Jie Xu yan Zhang heng Jiang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center(Chem BIC)Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023 Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and DeliverySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240

The direct excitation of dihydroquinazolinone(DhQ)anions by visible light has been demonstrated by photophysical *** excited-state DhQ anion serves as both a potent reductant and a radical precursor in a redox neutral radical cascade,circumventing the use of an external photoredox *** gem-difluoroalkyl radicals(CF_(2)h and CF_(2)R)are produced from the excited-state DhQ anions,leading to the first example of intermolecular 1,2-difluoroalkylarylation(CF_(2)h-and CF_(2)R-arylation)of alkenes in overall redox-neutral ***,1,2-difluoroalkylamination of styrenes has also been realized,offering a practical pathway for the preparation of diverseβ-CF_(2)h *** general and efficient strategy for the generation of CF_(2)h and CF_(2)R radicals exhibits great potential for applications in drug discovery.

关键词： excited state anion difluoromethyl radical difluoromethylation photochemistry radical chemistry

Geographical distribution of red and green Noctiluca scintillans

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2011年第4期29卷 807-831页

作者： P. J. hARRISON K. FURUyA P. M. GLIBERT J. Xu h. B. LIU K. yIN J. h. W. LEE D. M. ANDERSON R. GOWEN A. R. AL-AZRI A. y. T. hO hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China Department of Aquatic Bioscience University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8657 Japan University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science Horn Point Laboratory Cambridge MD 21613 USA School of Marine Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Department of Biology Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA 02543 USA Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystems Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Belfast BT9 5PX UK Department of Marine Science and Fisheries Sultan Qaboos University Muscat 123 Sultanate of Oman Agriculture Fisheries and Conservation Department Hong Kong China

The dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans is one of the most important and abundant red tide organisms and it is distributed world-wide. It occurs in two forms. Red Noctiluca is heterotrophic and fills the role of one of the microzooplankton grazers in the foodweb. In contrast, green Noctiluca contains a photosynthetic symbiont Pedinomonas noctilucae （a prasinophyte）, but it also feeds on other plankton when the food supply is abundant. In this review, we document the global distribution of these two forms and include the first maps of their global distribution. Red Noctiluca occurs widely in the temperate to sub-tropical coastal regions of the world. It occurs over a wide temperature range of about 10℃ to 25℃ and at higher salinities （generally not in estuaries）. It is particularly abundant in high productivity areas such as upwelling or eutrophic areas where diatoms dominate since they are its preferred food source. Green Noctiluca is much more restricted to a temperature range of 25℃-30℃ and mainly occurs in tropical waters of Southeast Asia, Bay of Bengal （east coast of India）, in the eastern, western and northern Arabian Sea, the Red Sea, and recently it has become very abundant in the Gulf of Oman. Red and green Noctiluca do overlap in their distribution in the eastern, northern and western Arabian Sea with a seasonal shift from green Noctiluca in the cooler winter convective mixing, higher productivity season, to red Noctiluca in the more oligotrophic warmer summer season.

关键词： Noctiluca global distribution distribution map green Noctiluca dinoflagellate

Cellular Tolerance, Accumulation and Distribution of Cadmium in Leaves of hyperaccumulator Picris divaricata

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Pedosphere 2012年第4期22卷 497-507页

作者： hu Peng-Jie GAN yuan-yuan TANG ye-Tao ZhANG Quan-Fang JIANG Dan yAO Nan QIU Rong-Liang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275(China) Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology Guangzhou 510275(China) School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275(China) Instrumental Analysis and Research Center Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275(China)

Knowledge of cellular metal homeostasis will provide a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in metal tolerance and hyperaccumulation in metal-hyperaccumulating plants. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry （EDS） was used to determine the localization of cadmium （Cd） in leaves of the Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator Picris divaricata which had a shoot Cd concentration of 565 mg kg-1 after 2 weeks of growth in solution culture supplying 10μ tmol L^-1 CdCl2. The results indicated that Cd was distributed mainly in the trichomes, upper and lower epidermis and bundle sheath cells, with a relatively low level of Cd in mesophyll cells. Mesophyll protoplasts isolated from leaves remained viable after 24 h exposure to CdCl2 at a concentration up to 1 mmol L^-1, indicating their high tolerance to Cd. The intracellular Cd was visualized by staining with Leadmium Green dye, a cellular permeable Cd fluorescence probe. The results showed that the majority of protoplasts （〉 82%） did not accumulate Cd, with only a minority （〈 18%） showing Cd accumulation. In the Cd-accumulating protoplasts, Cd accumulation was depressed by the addition of Fe^2＋, Mn^2＋ and the metabolic inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone （CCCP）, but not by Ca^2＋ or Zn^2＋. Furthermore, the entire process of Cd uptake from external solution into the cytoplasm and subsequent sequestration into vacuoles was successfully recorded by confocal images. These results suggested that reduced cellular Cd accumulation and efficient Cd vacuolar sequestration in mesophyll cells might be responsible for cellular Cd tolerance and distribution in the leaves of P. divaricata.

关键词： confocal images fluorescence probe mesophyll protoplast vacuolar

Nicotine dependence in community-dwelling Chinese patients with schizophrenia

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General Psychiatry 2019年第1期32卷 22-27页

作者： yan Li Cai-Lan hou Xin-Rong Ma yu Zang Fu-Jun Jia Kelly y C Lai Gabor S Ungvari Chee h Ng Mei-ying Cai yu-Tao Xiang The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain ProtectionCapital Medical UniversitySchool of Mental HealthBeijingChina Guangdong Mental health Center Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina Ningxia Mental health Center Ningxia Ning-An HospitalNingxiaChina Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Psychological healthcare Shenzhen Institute of Mental HealthShenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health CenterShenzhenChina Department of Psychiatry The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina The University of Notre Dame Australia/Marian Centre PerthAustralia Department of Psychiatry University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Guangzhou yuexiu Center for Disease Control and Prevention GuangdongChina Unit of Psychiatry Institute of Translational MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao SARChina

Background Smoking is a serious public health problem. Patients with schizophrenia usually have a higher prevalence of smoking than the general population, but the level of nicotine dependence is seldom studied, especially for patients living in the communities. Aims This study aimed to examine the level of nicotine dependence in Chinese community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia and explored its associated sociodemographic and clinical factors. Methods A total of 621 patients with schizophrenia treated in the primary care centres of Guangzhou were consecutively recruited. The level of nicotine dependence was assessed with the Chinese version of the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Results 148 patients with schizophrenia were current smokers, and the mean (SD) score of FTND was 5.06 (2.55) for all the current smokers. The prevalence of nicotine addiction was 48.0%(95% Cl: 40.0%-56.0%) in patients with current smoking. The patients with schizophrenia had a significantly higher level of nicotine dependence than the Chinese general population. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that male gender, being unemployed, having a family history of psychiatric disorders, having major medical conditions, first illness episode and less severe positive symptoms were significantly associated with a higher level of nicotine dependence. Conclusion Community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia in China, especially male patients, had a higher level of nicotine dependence than the general population.

关键词： Nicotine dependence community-dwelling Chinese patients schizophrenia

PROBABILISTIC MODELING OF BRITTLE FRACTURE WITh PRIOR DUCTILE CRACK EXTENSION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2000年第1期13卷 98-102页

作者： h. y. Jing L. X. huo y. F. Zhang and F. Minami( 1) College of Material Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072,China 2) Osaka University, Japan)

A computation framework for brittle fracture which incorporates weakest link statistics and a microme- chanics model reflecting reflecting local damage of the material is *** Weibull stress W emerges as a probabilistic fracture parameter to define the condition leading material failure. Unstable crack propa- gation occurs at a critical value of W which may be attained paior to or following some amount of duc- tile crack extension. A realistic model of ductile crack growth using the computation cell methodology is used to define the evolution of near tip stress fields during crack extension. An application of proposed framework to predict the measured geometry and ductile tearing effects on the statistical distributio of fracture toughness for the pipe line steel welded joint is described.

关键词： fracture toughness ductile crack extension brittle fracture

Immobilization of foreign protein into polyhedra of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus(BmNPV)

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2012年第2期13卷 111-117页

作者： Xing-wei XIANG Rui yANG Lin ChEN Xiao-long hu Shao-fang yU Cui-ping CAO Xiao-feng WU College of Animal Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

In the late phase of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus(BmNPV)infection,a large amount of polyhedra appear in the infected cell nucleolus,these polyhedra being dense protein crystals protecting the incorporated virions from the harsh *** investigate whether the foreign protein could be immobilized into the polyhedra of BmNPV,two recombinant baculoviruses were generated by a novel BmNPV polyhedrin-plus(polh +)Bac-to-Bac system,designated as vBmBac(polh +)-enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP)and vBmBac(polh +)-LacZ,which can express the polyhedrin and foreign protein *** microscopy analysis showed that all viruses produced polyhedra of normal *** fluorescence can be apparently detected on the surface of the vBmBac(polh +)-EGFP polyhedra,but not the BmNPV *** analysis and anti-desiccation testing confirmed that EGFP was embedded in the *** expected,the vBmBac(polh +)-LacZ polyhedra contained an amount of LacZ and had a higherβ-galactosidase *** dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)and Western blotting were also performed to verify if the foreign proteins were immobilized into *** study provides a new inspiration for efficient preservation of useful proteins and development of new pesticides with toxic proteins.

关键词： Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus Polyhedra Foreign protein Protein immobilization

hydrogen peroxide detection with high specificity in living cells and inflamed tissues

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2016年第4期3卷 217-222页

作者： Lei Rong Chi Zhang Qi Lei Ming-Ming hu Jun Feng hong-Bing Shu yi Liu Xian-Zheng Zhang Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Virology College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanP.R.China

hydrogen peroxide(h2O2)detection in biological systems is of significant importance,which act as critical second messenger in fundamental biological ***,we report on a chemoselective fluorescent naphthylimide peroxide probe(NPP)for the h_(2)O_(2)detection in vitro and in *** is a phenylboronic acid-caged chromophore that selectively responds to h_(2)O_(2)through a selfimmolate *** exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity to h_(2)O_(2)with distinctive fluorescence change due to the excellent two-photon excitation property,which permits the facile detection of inflammation produced h_(2)O_(2)and offers chance to monitor the inflammatory stages in diseased cells.

关键词： hydrogen peroxide fluorescence imaging inflammation

Molecular dynamics modeling of hydrogen-induced plastic deformation and cracking of ɑ-iron

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第9期176卷 119-131页

作者： Xiao Xing Fengying Li Jianguo Liu Gan Cui Zili Li y.Frank Cheng College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Department of Mechanical&Manufacturing Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada

In this work,molecular dynamics modeling was conducted to study hydrogen(h)-induced plastic deformation and cracking of polycrystalα-*** cyclic loading,the number of vacancies and the stress intensity increase with h atom concentration and the number of loading ***,the effect of cyclic loading on cracking is not as significant as the increment of h *** the h concentration increases,the dislocation generation and emission are enhanced in the{110}slip system,but are inhibited in other slip *** is a critical h atom concentration,below which the plastic deformation ofα-Fe is facilitated by h *** the critical h concentration is exceeded,the dislocation emission is inhibited by h atoms at grain boundaries,where the h atoms can pin dislocations,causing piling-up of the dislocations to generate a stress concentration.

关键词： hydrogen atoms Dislocations Grain boundary Cyclic loading Molecular dynamic modeling