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广义混合流体中纤毛通过电渗透区的流动模拟

Journal of Central South University 2023年第4期30卷 1217-1230页

作者： S.IJAZ M.ABDULLAh h.sadaf S.NADEEM Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesRawalpindi Women UniversityRawalpindi 44000Pakistan Department of Basic Science and humanities College of Electrical&Mechanical EngineeringNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad 46000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesQuaid-e-Azam UniversityIslamabad 46000Pakistan

本文建立了一个广义纳米流体流动模型,研究磁流体中纤毛毯在通过电渗透通道时对其运输的作用,并对混合纳米流体的特性进行解释。通过假设长波长和低雷诺数估计,将流体的流动分析方程转换为无量纲形式;用数学解法得到速度分布、压力梯度... 详细信息

本文建立了一个广义纳米流体流动模型,研究磁流体中纤毛毯在通过电渗透通道时对其运输的作用,并对混合纳米流体的特性进行解释。通过假设长波长和低雷诺数估计,将流体的流动分析方程转换为无量纲形式;用数学解法得到速度分布、压力梯度和流函数的解析解;用图表表明相关物理参数的影响。该模型具有重要的应用价值,可应用于生物运输过程、人工纤毛设计和其他机械装置的操作等领域。

关键词：电渗透效应纤毛边界辐射影响混合纳米流体现象

Toward carbon neutrality by artificial photosynthesis

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 54-55页

作者： Baowen ZhOU Minhua ShAO Sharif Md.sadaf Shuhui SUN Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of the Ministry of Education Research Center of Renewable Synthetic FuelSchool of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Energy InstituteThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique(INRS)-CenterÉnergie Matériaux Télécommunications VarennesQuebec J3X 1P7Canada

CO_(2)is not only the primary cause of climate change but also an abundant and recyclable carbon resource.The breakthrough in emerging disruptive technologies such as carbon capture and storage(CCS),power-to-X,and direct air capture(DAC)is fundamental to achieving carbon neutrality.Among these technologies,artificial photosynthesis offers an attractive method for recycling carbon dioxide and water into fuels and chemicals using solar energy(CO_(2)+h_(2)O+sunlight→fuels+chemicals).It holds great promise for addressing the critical challenges associated with elevated CO_(2)concentrations and securing a sustainable supply of fuels and chemicals for economic sectors.

关键词： neutral holds breakthrough

Extracellular vesicles as tools and targets in therapy for diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 872-912页

作者： Mudasir A.Kumar sadaf K.Baba hana Q.Sadida Sara Al.Marzooqi Jayakumar Jerobin Faisal h.Altemani Naseh Algehainy Mohammad A.Alanazi Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra Rakesh Kumar Ammira S.Al-Shabeeb Akil Muzafar A.Macha Rashid Mir Ajaz A.Bhat Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine Islamic University of Science and TechnologyAwantiporaKashmir 192122India Department of human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Obesity and Cancer ProgramSidra MedicineDohaQatar Qatar Metabolic Institute Academic Health SystemHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical ResearchFaculty of Applied Medical SciencesUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia School of Biotechnology Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatraIndia

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nano-sized,membranous structures secreted into the extracellular space.They exhibit diverse sizes,contents,and surface markers and are ubiquitously released from cells under normal and pathological conditions.human serum is a rich source of these EVs,though their isolation from serum proteins and non-EV lipid particles poses challenges.These vesicles transport various cellular components such as proteins,mRNAs,miRNAs,DNA,and lipids across distances,influencing numerous physiological and pathological events,including those within the tumor microenvironment(TME).Their pivotal roles in cellular communication make EVs promising candidates for therapeutic agents,drug delivery systems,and disease biomarkers.Especially in cancer diagnostics,EV detection can pave the way for early identification and offers potential as diagnostic biomarkers.Moreover,various EV subtypes are emerging as targeted drug delivery tools,highlighting their potential clinical significance.The need for non-invasive biomarkers to monitor biological processes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes remains unfulfilled.Tapping into the unique composition of EVs could unlock advanced diagnostic and therapeutic avenues in the future.In this review,we discuss in detail the roles of EVs across various conditions,including cancers(encompassing head and neck,lung,gastric,breast,and hepatocellular carcinoma),neurodegenerative disorders,diabetes,viral infections,autoimmune and renal diseases,emphasizing the potential advancements in molecular diagnostics and drug delivery.

关键词： diseases sized sizes

光驱动Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x)纳米组装体甲烷干重整制合成气

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Science Bulletin 2024年第10期69卷 1400-1409页

作者：李亦昕李景林俞天奇邱亮 Syed M.Najib hasan 姚琳潘虎 Shamsul Arafin Sharif Md.sadaf 朱磊周宝文 Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Research Center for Renewable Synthetic FuelSchool of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China China-UK Low Carbon College Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201306China Centre Energie Matériaux et TélécommunicationsInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique(INRS)-Universitédu QuébecVarennes J3X 1E4Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA

Light-driven dry reforming of methane toward syngas presents a proper solution for alleviating climate change and for the sustainable supply of transportation fuels and chemicals.herein,Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x) nanowires supported by silicon wafer are explored as an ideal platform for loading Rh nanoparticles,thus assembling a new nanoarchitecture for this grand topic.In combination with the remarkable photothermal synergy,the O atoms in Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x) can significantly lower the apparent activation energy of dry reforming of methane from 2.96 eV downward to 1.70 eV.The as-designed Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x) NWs nanoarchitecture thus demonstrates a measurable syngas evolution rate of 180.9 mmol g_(cat)^(-1) h^(-1) with a marked selectivity of 96.3% under concentrated light illumination of 6 W cm^(-2).What is more,a high turnover number(TON)of 4182 mol syngas per mole Rh has been realized after six reuse cycles without obvious activity degradation.The correlative 18O isotope labeling experiments,in-situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(ISI-XPS)and in-situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterizations,as well as density functional theory calculations reveal that under light illumination,Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x) NWs facilitate releasing^(*)Ch_(3) and h^(+)from Ch_(4) by holes,followed by h_(2) evolution from h^(+)reduction with electrons.Subsequently,the O atoms in Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x) can directly participate in CO generation by reacting with the ^(*)C species from Ch_(4) dehydrogenation and contributes to the coke elimination,in concurrent formation of O vacancies.The resultant O vacancies are then replenished by CO_(2),showing an ideal chemical loop.This work presents a green strategy for syngas production via light-driven dry reforming of methane.

关键词： Dry reforming of methane Photo-thermal catalysis Rh/InGaN_(1-x)O_(x)nanowires

Skeletal muscle as a molecular and cellular biomarker of disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 747-753页

作者： Peter h.King Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center BirminghamALUSA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal multisystemic neurodegenerative disease with motor neurons being a primary target.Although progressive weakness is a hallmark feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,there is considerable heterogeneity,including clinical presentation,progression,and the underlying triggers for disease initiation.Based on longitudinal studies with families harboring amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated gene mutations,it has become apparent that overt disease is preceded by a prodromal phase,possibly in years,where compensatory mechanisms delay symptom onset.Since 85-90%of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is sporadic,there is a strong need for identifying biomarkers that can detect this prodromal phase as motor neurons have limited capacity for regeneration.Current Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies work by slowing the degenerative process and are most effective early in the disease.Skeletal muscle,including the neuromuscular junction,manifests abnormalities at the earliest stages of the disease,before motor neuron loss,making it a promising source for identifying biomarkers of the prodromal phase.The accessibility of muscle through biopsy provides a lens into the distal motor system at earlier stages and in real time.The advent of“omics”technology has led to the identification of numerous dysregulated molecules in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle,ranging from coding and non-coding RNAs to proteins and metabolites.This technology has opened the door for identifying biomarkers of disease activity and providing insight into disease mechanisms.A major challenge is correlating the myriad of dysregulated molecules with clinical or histological progression and understanding their relevance to presymptomatic phases of disease.There are two major goals of this review.The first is to summarize some of the biomarkers identified in human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle that have a clinicopathological correlation with disease activity,evidence of a similar dysregulation in the SO

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarkers clinicopathological correlation disease progression muscle biomarkers neurogenic atrophy neuromuscular junction non-coding RNAs presymptomatic stages skeletal muscle SOD1G93A mouse model

Free vibration and buckling analysis of polymeric composite beams reinforced by functionally graded bamboo fbers

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 543-562页

作者： h.M.FEIZABAD M.h.YAS Department of Mechanical Engineering Razi UniversityKermanshah ***Iran

Natural fibers have been extensively researched as reinforcement materials in polymers on account of their environmental and economic advantages in comparison with synthetic fibers in the recent years.Bamboo fibers are renowned for their good mechanical properties,abundance,and short cycle growth.As beams are one of the fundamental structural components and are susceptible to mechanical loads in engineering applications,this paper performs a study on the free vibration and buckling responses of bamboo fiber reinforced composite(BFRC)beams on the elastic foundation.Three different functionally graded(FG)layouts and a uniform one are the considered distributions for unidirectional long bamboo fibers across the thickness.The elastic properties of the composite are determined with the law of mixture.Employing hamilton’s principle,the governing equations of motion are obtained.The generalized differential quadrature method(GDQM)is then applied to the equations to obtain the results.The achieved outcomes exhibit that the natural frequency and buckling load values vary as the fiber volume fractions and distributions,elastic foundation stiffness values,and boundary conditions(BCs)and slenderness ratio of the beam change.Furthermore,a comparative study is conducted between the derived analysis outcomes for BFRC and homogenous polymer beams to examine the effectiveness of bamboo fibers as reinforcement materials,demonstrating the significant enhancements in both vibration and buckling responses,with the exception of natural frequencies for cantilever beams on the Pasternak foundation with the FG-◇fiber distribution.Eventually,the obtained analysis results of BFRC beams are also compared with those for carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)beams found in the literature,indicating that the buckling loads and natural frequencies of BFRC beams are lower than those of CNTRC beams.

关键词： bamboo fiber free vibration buckling analysis functionally graded(FG)beam elastic foundation generalized differential quadrature method(GDQM)

Effect of mitomycin C on the corneal endothelial cells of Saudi patients with myopia after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy:a two-armed cohort study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 909-915页

作者： Sultan h Alrashidi Department of Ophthalmology College of MedicineQassim UniversityBuraidah 51452Saudi Arabia

AIM:To study the effect of mitomycin C(MMC)applied during transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy(TPRK)on the corneal endothelium one week(W1)and three months(M3)after surgery and its determinants.METhODS:In this two-armed cohort study conducted in 2022,eyes treated with MMC during TPRK(group 1)were compared with eyes not treated with MMC(group 2).The corneal endothelial cell(EC)count,EC density(ECD;cells/mm2),average(μm2),standard deviation(μm2),coefficient of variation(CV%),ECmax,ECmin,and EC percentage of hexagonality were estimated at W1 and M3.The postoperative changes in the EC count in the two groups were compared and correlated with the other independent variables.RESULTS:Group 1 had 26 eyes,and group 2 had 78 eyes.All TPRK indices were significantly higher for the eyes in group 1 than for those in group 2.The MMC usage was not a significant predictor of the change in ECD(P=0.644),change in CV(P=0.374),and change in the percentage of hexagonality of EC(P=0.164)at W1.however,the use of MMC was a significant predictor of changes in CV(P=0.014)and the change in the percentage of hexagonality of EC(P=0.039)at M3.The duration of laser exposure and the size of the optical zone influenced the correlation of MMC use with the changes in EC indices,postoperatively.CONCLUSION:The use of MMC doesn’t affect ECD,CV,and percentage of hexagonality at W1 if other surgical indices are considered.At M3 after operating myopic eyes by TPRK,MMC significantly influence the CV and percentage of hexagonality.The duration of the laser application and the size of the optical zone should be considered when determining the effect of MMC on the EC indices.

关键词： transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy mitomycin-C corneal endothelium

Convexification of hybrid AC-DC Optimal Power Flow with Line-Commutated Converters

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 617-628页

作者： hongyuan Liang Zhigang Li J.h.Zheng Q.h.Wu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

Line-commutated converter (LCC)-based high-voltage DC (hVDC) systems have been integrated with bulk AC power grids for interregional transmission of renewable power. The nonlinear LCC model brings additional nonconvexity to optimal power flow (OPF) of hybrid AC-DC power grids. A convexification method for the LCC station model could address such nonconvexity but has rarely been discussed. We devise an equivalent reformulation for classical LCC station models that facilitates second-order cone convex relaxation for the OPF of LCC-based AC-DC power grids. We also propose sufficient conditions for exactness of convex relaxation with its proof. Equivalence of the proposed LCC station models and properties, exactness, and effectiveness of convex relaxation are verified using four numerical simulations. Simulation results demonstrate a globally optimal solution of the original OPF can be efficiently obtained from relaxed model.

关键词： AC-DC power system convex relaxation linecommutated converter optimal power flow second-order cone programming

holographic dark energy in non-conserved gravity theory

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 126-133页

作者： h R Fazlollahi Institute of Gravitation and Cosmology Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University)6 Miklukho-Maklaya StMoscow117198Russia

Recently, reconsidering the Rastall idea T_(μ;νν)^(v)=α_(,μ) through relativistic thermodynamics gives a new form for the scalar field α which led us to construct modern modified theory of gravity debugged ‘non-conserved gravity theory’ Fazlollahi 2023 Euro. Phys. J. C 83 923. This theory unlike other modified theories of gravity cannot directly explain the current acceleration expansion in the absence of the cosmological constant and or existence of other forms of dark energy. hence, in this study we have reinvestigated holographic dark energy Ρ_(X)~h^(2) in the non-conserved theory of gravity. In this context, the density and pressure of dark energy depend on the non-conserved term and density of the dust matter field. As shown, due to non-conservation effects on large-scale structures, unlike the original holographic model, our model onsets an acceleration epoch for the current Universe satisfies observations. Moreover, the interaction and viscous scenarios are studied for this model.

关键词： non-conserved gravity covariant form of thermodynamics holographic dark energy