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河南电力 1995年第4期23卷 53-56,60页

作者： h.lee smith Wayne R.BLock 苏建设郑州电力高等专科学校

正如美国国家标准信息协会(ANSI)定义的,'RTU'这一术语指的是监控系统中的远方站设备,而'监控系统'则包含所有在远方站或当前站的控制、指示设备。

关键词：电力系统 RTU 监控系统应用

Predictors of the placebo response in a nutraceutical randomized controlled trial for depression

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 46-53页

作者： Rosemary Arnold Jenifer Murphy-smith Chee h.Ng David Mischoulon Gerard J.Byrne Chad A.Bousman Con Stough Michael Berk Jerome Sarris Professorial Unit the Melbourne ClinicDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneRichmond 3121Australia Depression Clinical and Research Program Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Medicine Discipline of PsychiatryCentre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalHerstonthe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006Australia Departments of Medical Genetics PsychiatryPhysiology&Pharmacology and Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psychiatry the University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Centre for human Psychopharmacology Swinburne UniversityMelbourne 3122Australia The Institute for Mental and Physical health and Clinical Translation School of MedicineBarwon HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong 3220Australia The Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia NICM health Research Institute Western Sydney UniversityWestmeadNSW 2145Australia

Objective The placebo response in depression studies is the change in symptoms amongst those who receive an inactive *** well-designed randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of depression have a high proportion of placebo responders,with little understanding as to *** present study assesses characteristics associated with the placebo response in a nutraceutical trial with a large proportion of placebo *** This is a secondary analysis of a nutraceutical depression RCT which identified no overall treatment benefit relative to placebo(n=69 in placebo group).We investigated participant characteristics such as socio-demographics,clinical features,and recruitment methods,and their association with the placebo *** genetic polymorphisms were also *** response was measured based on change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale *** association of these hypothesis-driven variables of interest and the placebo response was examined using linear mixed effects *** Greater levels of education,particularly pursuing post-high school education,better self-reported general health,marriage/de facto,greater improvement in the first trial week,and more failed antidepressant therapies in the current depressive episode were associated with greater placebo *** increased placebo response was not found in those recruited via social media nor in those with concomitant antidepressant *** nucleotide polymorphisms from the tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPh1)gene(A779C and A218C)were weakly associated with greater placebo response,although the evidence was attenuated after accounting for multiple *** This is,to our knowledge,the first study within nutraceutical research for depression to assess the association between participant characteristics and variation in the placebo *** variables appeared to predict the placebo *** findings may encourage future trial design

关键词： Randomized controlled trial Placebo Depression Nutraceutical Psychiatry

Comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael A.Eggleton Cody J.Salzmann Joseph E.Kaiser Shannon C.F.smith Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and Fish Commission Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Background Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps(largely silver carp [hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [h. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical(2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P he post-carp period as reflected by boat electrofishing and experimental gill nets. however, all indices were generally similar(P > 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. Conversely, abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same *** Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded carp Silver carp Aquatic nuisance species Fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river

Efficient Vision Transformers for Autonomous Off-Road Perception Systems

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第9期12卷 188-207页

作者： Max h. Faykus III Adam Pickeral Ethan Marquez Melissa C. smith Jon C. Calhoun holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA

The development of autonomous vehicles has become one of the greatest research endeavors in recent years. These vehicles rely on many complex systems working in tandem to make decisions. For practical use and safety reasons, these systems must not only be accurate, but also quickly detect changes in the surrounding environment. In autonomous vehicle research, the environment perception system is one of the key components of development. Environment perception systems allow the vehicle to understand its surroundings. This is done by using cameras, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), with other sensor systems and modalities. Deep learning computer vision algorithms have been shown to be the strongest tool for translating camera data into accurate and safe traversability decisions regarding the environment surrounding a vehicle. In order for a vehicle to safely traverse an area in real time, these computer vision algorithms must be accurate and have low latency. While much research has studied autonomous driving for traversing well-structured urban environments, limited research exists evaluating perception system improvements in off-road settings. This research aims to investigate the adaptability of several existing deep-learning architectures for semantic segmentation in off-road environments. Previous studies of two Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures are included for comparison with new evaluation of Vision Transformer (ViT) architectures for semantic segmentation. Our results demonstrate viability of ViT architectures for off-road perception systems, having a strong segmentation accuracy, lower inference speed and memory footprint compared to previous results with CNN architectures.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation Off-Road Vision Transformers CNNs Autonomous Driving

Electrobiocorrosion by microbes without outer-surface cytochromes

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 110-118页

作者： Dawn E.holmes Trevor L.Woodard Jessica A.smith Florin Musat Derek R.Lovley Department of Microbiology University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMassachusettsUSA Department of Physical and Biological Science Western New England UniversitySpringfieldMassachusettsUSA Department of Biomolecular Sciences Central Connecticut State UniversityNew BritainConnecticutUSA Department of Biology Section for MicrobiologyAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Facuity of Biology and GeologyBabes-Bolyai UniversityCluj-NapocaRomania

Anaerobic microbial corrosion of iron-containing metals causes extensive economic *** microbes are capable of direct metal-to-microbe electron transfer(electrobiocorrosion),but the prevalence of electrobiocorrosion among diverse methanogens and acetogens is poorly understood because of a lack of tools for their genetic *** studies have suggested that respiration with 316L stainless steel as the electron donor is indicative of electrobiocorrosion,because,unlike pure Fe^(0),316L stainless steel does not abiotically generate h_(2) as an intermediary electron ***,we report that all of the methanogens(Methanosarcina vacuolata,Methanothrix soehngenii,and Methanobacterium strain IM1)and acetogens(Sporomusa ovata and Clostridium ljungdahli)evaluated respired with pure Fe^(0)as the electron donor,but only ***,***,and *** were capable of stainless steel *** electrobiocorrosive methanogens re-quired acetate as an additional energy source in order to produce methane from stainless *** of *** and *** demonstrated how acetogens can provide acetate to methanogens during *** only was Meth-anobacterium strain IM1 not capable of electrobiocorrosion,but it also did not accept electrons from Geobacter metal-lireducens,an effective electron-donating partner for direct interspecies electron transfer to all methanogens that can directly accept electrons from Fe^(0).The finding that ***,***,and *** are capable of electrobiocorrosion,despite a lack of the outer-surface c-type cytochromes previously found to be important in other electrobiocorrosive microbes,demonstrates that there are multiple microbial strategies for making electrical contact with Fe^(0).

关键词： acetogen corrosion Fe^(0) methanogen stainless steel

Oral anti-coagulants use in Chinese hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第2期137卷 172-180页

作者： Jing Lin Deyong Long Chenxi Jiang Caihua Sang Ribo Tang Songnan Li Wei Wang Xueyuan Guo Man Ning Zhaoqing Sun Na Yang Yongchen hao Jun Liu Jing Liu Xin Du Louise Morgan Gregg C.Fonarow Sidney C.smith Jr Gregory Y.h.Lip Dong Zhao Jianzeng Dong Changsheng Ma On behalf of CCC-AF investigators Department of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100029China National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing 100029 China Department of Epidemiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute of HeartLung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing 100029China International Quality Improvement Department American Heart AssociationDallasTX 07076USA Division of Cardiology Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos Angeles CA 90024USA Division of Cardiology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Cardiology Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart&Chest HospitalLiverpool L143PEUK Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9000Denmark 不详

Background:Oral anti-coagulants(OAC)are the intervention for the prevention of stroke,which consistently improve clinical outcomes and survival among patients with atrial fibrillation(AF).The main purpose of this study is to identify problems in OAC utilization among hospitalized patients with AF in ***:Using data from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Atrial Fibrillation(CCC-AF)registry,guideline-recommended OAC use in eligible patients was ***:A total of 52,530 patients with non-valvular AF were enrolled from February 2015 to December 2019,of whom 38,203 were at a high risk of stroke,9717 were at a moderate risk,and 4610 were at a low *** admission,only 20.0%(6075/30,420)of patients with a diagnosed AF and a high risk of stroke were taking *** use of pre-hospital OAC on admission was associated with a lower risk of new-onset ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack among the diagnosed AF population(adjusted odds ratio:0.54,95%confidence interval:0.43-0.68;Pharge,the prescription rate of OAC was 45.2%(16,757/37,087)in eligible patients with high stroke risk and 60.7%(2778/4578)in eligible patients with low stroke *** utilization in patients with high stroke risk on admission or at discharge both increased largely over time(all Phowed that OAC utilization at discharge was positively associated with in-hospital rhythm control strategies,including catheter ablation(adjusted odds ratio[OR]11.63,95%confidence interval[CI]10.04-13.47;Phythmic drug use(adjusted OR 1.45,95%CI 1.38-1.53;Phospitals participated in the CCC-AF project,>70%of AF patients were at a high risk of *** poor performance on guideline-recommended OAC use was found in this study,over time the CCC-AF project has made progress in stroke prevention in the Chinese AF ***

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Oral anti-coagulants OAC Stroke prevention Contraindication

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颗粒形状和表面因素对细粒方解石浮选的影响

国外非金属矿与宝石 1989年第3期 12-17页

作者： h.lee R.W.smith 王力山东矿业学院

作者对粒度为0.1～40μm的人工和天然方解石进行了动电学研究和浮选试验。试验用物料的颗粒形状有明显的差别。人工矿样是用沉淀法从溶液中得到的,使用的浮选捕收剂为油酸钠和十四烷基硫酸钠。颗粒的形状及粒子的动电学特性对浮选效果... 详细信息

作者对粒度为0.1～40μm的人工和天然方解石进行了动电学研究和浮选试验。试验用物料的颗粒形状有明显的差别。人工矿样是用沉淀法从溶液中得到的,使用的浮选捕收剂为油酸钠和十四烷基硫酸钠。颗粒的形状及粒子的动电学特性对浮选效果的影响较小,天然矿样和人工矿样在浮选行为上存在一些微小的差异。尽管颗粒大小对其浮选过程具有一定的影响,然而,最重要的是如何使浮选矿浆产生明显的絮凝,以达到最好的浮选效果。（共6页)

关键词：方解石细粒浮选颗粒形状

Effective conversion of fructose to 5-ethoxymethylfurfural with brønsted acid site(S/Cl)-functional carbon catalysts

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第1期7卷 33-42页

作者： haixin Guo Ryota higashiguchi Yuya Abe Richard lee smith Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku UniversityAramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11AobaSendai 980-8579Japan Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology Tohoku UniversityAramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11Aoba-kuSendai 980-8579Japan

Brønsted acid site(S/Cl)-functional carbon materials were prepared by ball-milling(bm)L-cysteine and ammonium chloride to form chemical complex solids,by post-heat treatment(Q)of the solids at 500°C under a nitrogen gas atmosphere to stabilize and fortify amino and functional group solid structures and by post-oxidative treatment with h_(2)O_(2)to add Brønsted *** as-prepared carbon materials(S/Cl@bm_(x)Q_(y);x,y in hours)contained Brønsted acid sites(sul-fonates,chlorides),oxygen-containing groups(-COOh,-Oh)and amino functional *** S/Cl@bm_(x)Q_(y)materials were applied as catalysts to promote conversion of fructose in ethanol solvent to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-hMF)and 5-ethoxymethylfurfural(5-EMF).Among the carbon materials,S/Cl@bm_(3)Q_(1)gave 5-EMF and 5-hMF yields of 67.0%and 22.8%,respectively,in pure ethanol at 140℃for 24 h reaction time,while a reaction time of 18 h gave total 5-EMF and 5-hMF yields of 96.4%.Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)was applied as additive to the ethanol-fructose-S/Cl@bm_(3)Q_(1)reaction system which showed that 5-hMF product selectivity could be controlled with DMSO *** protocol developed allows simple preparation of func-tional carbon materials that have high catalytic activity and are effective for conversion of fructose to 5-hMF and 5-EMF in ethanol.

关键词： Ball-milling Etherification Fuel additive Ethanol Brønsted acid

Abnormal endogenous pain modulation and somatic and visceral hypersensitivity in female patients with irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第27期13卷 3699-3704页

作者： Clive h Wilder-smith Joan Robert-Yap Brain-Gut Research Group Gastroenterology Group Practice Berne Switzerland Supported by the Brain-Gut Research Group Berne Switzerland

AIM： To investigate the role of endogenous pain modulatory mechanisms in the central sensitization implicated by the visceral hypersensitivity demonstrated in patients with irritable bowel syndrome （IBS）. Dysfunction of modulatory mechanisms would be expected to also result in changes of somatic sensory function. METhODS： Endogenous pain modulatory mechanisms were assessed using heterotopic stimulation and somatic and visceral sensory testing in IBS. Pain intensities （visual analogue scale, VAS 0-100） during suprathreshold rectal distension with a barostat, cold pressor stimulation of the foot and during both stimuli simultaneously （heterotopic stimulation） were recorded in 40 female patients with IBS and 20 female healthy controls. RESULTS： Rectal hypersensitivity （defined by 95% Cl of controls） was seen in 21 （53%）, somatic hypersensitivity in 22 （55%） and both rectal and somatic hypersensitivity in 14 of these IBS patients. heterotopic stimulation decreased rectal pain intensity by 6 （-11 to -1） in controls, but increased rectal pain by 2 （-3 to ＋6） in all IBS patients （P 〈 0.05） and by 8 （-2 to ＋19） in IBS patients with somatic and visceral hypersensitivity （P 〈 0.02）. CONCLUSION： A majority of IBS patients had abnormal endogenous pain modulation and somatic hypersensitivity as evidence of central sensitization.

关键词： Diffuse noxious inhibitory controls Endogenous pain modulation hypersensitivity Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quantitative sensory testing Visceral pain Sensitization

Selective hydrogenation of glucose to sorbitol with tannic acid-based porous carbon sphere supported Ni-Ru bimetallic catalysts

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第6期8卷 1719-1727页

作者： Ran Xi Yiwei Tang Richard lee smith Jr Xiaoning Liu Le Liu Xinhua Qi College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai UniversityNo.38Tongyan RoadJinnan DistrictTianjin300350China Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku UniversityAramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11AobaSendai980-8579Japan National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resource Utilization Nankai UniversityNo.38Tongyan RoadJinnan DistrictTianjin300350China

Ni-Ru bimetallic porous carbon sphere(Ni-Ru@PCS) catalysts were synthesized via formaldehyde-assisted, metal-coordinated crosslinking sol-gel chemistry, in which biomass-derived tannic acid and F127 surfactant were used as carbon precursor and soft template, respectively, and Ni2+and Ru3+were used as cross-linkers. In the developed method, Ni-Ru particles became uniformly dispersed in the carbon skeleton due to strong coordination bonds between metal ions(Ni2+and Ru^(3+)) and tannic acid molecules and bimetal interactions. The as-synthesized Ni-Ru10:1@PCS catalyst with a loading Ni:Ru mole ratio of 10:1 was applied for the selective hydrogenation of glucose to sorbitol, and provided 99% glucose conversion with a sorbitol selectivity of 100% at 140℃ in 150 min reaction time and exhibited good stability and recyclability in which sorbitol yield remained at 98% after 4 cycles with little or no metal agglomeration. The catalyst was applied to glucose solutions as high as 20 wt% with 97% sorbitol yields being obtained at 140℃ in 20 h. The developed bimetallic porous carbon sphere catalysts take advantage of sustainably-derived materials in their structure and are applicable to related biomass conversion reactions.

关键词： Tannic acid Ni–Ru bimetal Glucose Sorbitol Catalytic hydrogenation