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正温度系数(PTC)加热元件的基础研究和结构特性

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电器与能效管理技术 1988年第3期 54-56页

作者： h.becker h·Ohnmacht 杨先麟戴克中

在现在的使用中,PTC被认为与某些在一定的温度范围内具有较好的正温度系数的半导体热敏元件有关,许多设备中都采用了PTC元件。仅考虑了PTC的发热特性。首先提供了PTC半导体柱技术方面的基础知识,这种半导体柱是一种有效的热源,也提供了... 详细信息

在现在的使用中,PTC被认为与某些在一定的温度范围内具有较好的正温度系数的半导体热敏元件有关,许多设备中都采用了PTC元件。仅考虑了PTC的发热特性。首先提供了PTC半导体柱技术方面的基础知识,这种半导体柱是一种有效的热源,也提供了有关传热介质选择的资料。在某些装置设计方面,对PTC加热器的作用进行了分析,同对也给出了PTC最佳结构特性的梗概。

关键词：加热元件正温度系数 PTC 结构特性

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肝细胞移植——从设想到临床应用

德国医学 2000年第2期17卷 69-70页

作者： P.M.Markus h.becker 张伟杰 Klinik und Poliklinik fr Allgemeinchirurgie Georg-August-Universitt GttingenRobert Koch Straβe 40D-37075 GttingenGermany 同济医科大学附属同济医院

历史发展本世纪初许多学者提出了移植健康的细胞或脏器碎片来治疗严重的肝及代谢性疾病的设想,但细胞移植的发展一直与原位器官移植及相应学科相形见绌。直到理论上证实移植分离的细胞具有许多优点,细胞移植的研究才获得新的进展。

关键词：肝细胞移植理论植入部位动物模型

儿童外伤性脾破裂后自体异位脾组织移植的晚期疗效

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德国医学 1996年第1期13卷 36-37页

作者： K.henneking Ch.Müller F.Franke h.becker K.Schwemmle 张伟杰 Klinik für Allgemein-und Thoraxchirurgie der Justus-Liebig-UniversittRudolf-Buchheim-Str.7D-35385 GieBenGermany 同济医科大学附属同济医院

人们一直认为脾脏丢失是无可多虑的,但常常在切脾l年后出现致命性的败血症(OPSI综合征),使人们在近几年产生了强烈的保脾想法,基于自然产生的'

关键词：脾破裂外伤性脾移植异位移植自体儿童

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腹股沟疝手术——改革抑入歧途?

Oncology and Translational Medicine 1994年第4期11卷 216-216页

作者： h.becker 张应天 Chirurg.Univ.-Klinik Düsseldorf Moorenstr.5D-40225 DüsseldorfGermany 武汉市第六医院

腹腔镜技术的引用,开始使3个典型手术即胆囊切除术、阑尾切除术和腹股沟疝修补术发生了变化。在腹股沟疝手术中,由于应用方法多样(有腹腔内、腹膜外和经皮进路),效果有差别,故对应用腹腔镜于腹股沟疝手术的方向性和效用性目前可能难以... 详细信息

腹腔镜技术的引用,开始使3个典型手术即胆囊切除术、阑尾切除术和腹股沟疝修补术发生了变化。在腹股沟疝手术中,由于应用方法多样(有腹腔内、腹膜外和经皮进路),效果有差别,故对应用腹腔镜于腹股沟疝手术的方向性和效用性目前可能难以确定。很多地方应用并不安全,不值得惊异。外科医

关键词：手术腹腔内腹股沟腹膜外

Optical probing of ultrafast laser-induced solid-to-overdense-plasma transitions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 973-984页

作者： Yasmina Azamoum Georg Alexander becker Sebastian Keppler Guillaume Duchateau Stefan Skupin Mickael Grech Fabrice Catoire Sebastian hell Issa Tamer Marco hornung Marco hellwing Alexander Kessler Franck Schorcht Malte Christoph Kaluza GSI helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany. helmholtz Institute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany. Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics Friedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaMax-Wien-Platz 107743 JenaGermany. CEA-CESTA 15 Avenue des SablièresCS6000133116 Le BarpCedexFrance Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306-CNRSUniversitéde Lyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance. LULI CNRSCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance. Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA CELIAUMR 5107 TalenceFrance

Understanding the solid target dynamics resulting from the interaction with an ultrashort laser pulse is a challenging fundamental multi-physics problem involving atomic and solid-state physics,plasma physics,and laser *** of the initial interplay of the underlying processes is essential to many applications ranging from lowpower laser regimes like laser-induced ablation to high-power laser regimes like laser-driven ion *** the properties of the so-called pre-plasma formed as the laser pulse’s rising edge ionizes the target is complicated from the theoretical and experimental point of view,and many aspects of this laser-induced transition from solid to overdense plasma over picosecond timescales are still open *** the one hand,laser-driven ion acceleration requires precise control of the pre-plasma because the efficiency of the acceleration process crucially depends on the target properties at the arrival of the relativistic intensity peak of the *** the other hand,efficient laser ablation requires,for example,preventing the so-called“plasma shielding”.By capturing the dynamics of the initial stage of the interaction,we report on a detailed visualization of the pre-plasma formation and ***-thin diamond-like carbon foils are shown to transition from solid to plasma during the laser rising edge with intensitieshot near-infrared probe transmission measurements evidence sub-picosecond dynamics of an expanding plasma with densities above 10^(23)cm^(−3)(about 100 times the critical plasma density).The complementarity of a solid-state interaction model and kinetic plasma description provides deep insight into the interplay of initial ionization,collisions,and expansion.

关键词： laser acceleration solid

Role of receptor tyrosine kinases in gastric cancer: New targets for a selective therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第21期12卷 3297-3305页

作者： JC becker C Müller-Tidow h Serve W Domschke T Pohle Department of Medicine B University of Münster D-48129 MünsterGermany Department of Medicine A University of Münster D-48129 MünsterGermany

Receptor tyrosine kinases （RTKs） such as the epidermal growth factor receptor family participate in several steps of tumor formation including proliferation and metastatic spread. Several known RTKs are upregulated in gastric cancer being prime targets of a tailored therapy. Only preliminary data exist, however, on the use of the currently clinically available drugs such as trastuzumab, cetuximab, bevacizumab, gefitinib, erlotinib, and imatinib in the setting of gastric cancer. Preclinical data suggest a potential benefit of their use, especially in combination with ＂conventional＂ cytostatic therapy. This review summarizes the current knowledge about their use in cancer therapy as well as new approaches and drugs to optimize treatment success.

关键词： Gastric carcinoma EGFR Gefitinib Trastuzumab Cetuximab Imatinib Erlotinib Bevacizumab

Model Experiments on Melting of Alloys with Low Melting Temperature in a Medium with high Melting Temperature

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 1999年第2期6卷 1-9页

作者： becker Jens-Ulrik Oeters Franz Thyssen-Krupp Stahl Gmbh Technical University Berlin

Experiments of alloy melting were carried out in water/hCl h 2O eutectic model system. The eutectic has a solid liquid equilibrium temperature of -74 ℃. 5 cm diameter spheres of the eutectic in which three thermocouples in the core, on the edge and in the middle between them had been positioned were cooled to -196 ℃ in liquid nitrogen. After cooling the spheres were immersed into water of 10 ℃, and the changes of temperatures with time in the three thermocouples were measured. In some experiments the temperature on the outer side of the spheres where an ice shell grew up was also measured. In these experiments, the growing rate of the shell was additionally determined. The results for the first minute of the melting process, where the system can be considered as one dimensional, were described by an exact solution of Fouriers equation. The density of liquid ferromanganese at 1 500 ℃ was measured.

关键词： alloy melting model experiment

Micro-Structured Fiber Interferometer as Sensitive Temperature Sensor

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Photonic Sensors 2013年第3期3卷 208-213页

作者： F. C. FAVERO M. becker, R. SPITTEL M. ROThhARDT J. KOBELKE h. BARTELT Institute of Photonic Technology (IPhT) Albert-Einstein-Strafle-9 07745 Jena Germany

We report on a fast and sensitive temperature sensor using a micro-structured or photonic crystal fiber interferometer with a high germanium doped fiber core. The wavelength sensitivity for temperature variation was as high as △λ/△T= 78 pm/℃ up to 500℃, which was 6 times more sensitive than the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensitivity of △λ/△TT= 13pm/℃ at 1550nm. The sensor device was investigated conceming the sensitivity characteristics and response time.

关键词： Micro-structured optical fiber fiber interferometer fiber temperature sensor

质粒DNA物理形态和其它因素对获得可育转基因小麦的影响

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实验生物学报 2001年第3期34卷 183-189页

作者：徐子勤 D.becker h.Lrz 西北大学生物技术省重点实验室西安710069 德国汉堡大学普通植物学研究所汉堡d22609

本工作分析了不同形态质粒DNA和未成熟胚高渗透压处理对基因枪小麦转化体系的适用性。高渗处理对瞬间表达和转基因小麦的再生均有明显的促进作用。轰击之前对质粒DNA进行变性处理导致瞬间表达反应大幅度下降,但稳定转化频率(指从100个... 详细信息

本工作分析了不同形态质粒DNA和未成熟胚高渗透压处理对基因枪小麦转化体系的适用性。高渗处理对瞬间表达和转基因小麦的再生均有明显的促进作用。轰击之前对质粒DNA进行变性处理导致瞬间表达反应大幅度下降,但稳定转化频率(指从100个轰击未成熟胚得到的再生可育转基因植株数)与双链DNA相差不大。使用单链质粒DNA、线性双链质粒DNA和环状双链质粒DNA均可以得到转基因小麦植株。迄今已得到26个不同的转基因冬小麦株系和4个不同的转基因春小麦株系。这些转基因小麦大多数已产生种子,几个春小麦株系已获第二代种子。

关键词：转基因小麦质粒DNA 物理形态稳定转化育性