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New Insights on Gamma-Ray Burst Radiation Mechanisms from Multiwavelength Observations

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第2期25卷 3-12页

作者： Yu-hua Yao Fang-sheng Min shi chen Yi-Qing Guo College of Physics Chongqing University Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wisconsin Ice Cube Particle Astrophysics Center University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Chinese Academy of sciences school of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Tianfu Cosmic Ray Research Center

The study of high-energy gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts(GRBs) involves complex synchrotron radiation and synchrotron self-Compton(ssC) scattering mechanisms with multiple parameters exhibiting a wide distribution. Recent advancements in GRB research, particularly the observation of very high energy(VhE,>100 Ge V) radiation, have ushered in a new era of multiwavelength exploration, offering fresh perspectives and limitations for understanding GRB radiation mechanisms. This study aimed to leverage VhE observations to refine constraints on synchrotron + ssC radiation from electrons accelerated by forward shocks. By analyzing two external environments—the uniform interstellar medium and stratified stellar wind medium, we conducted spectral and variability fitting for five specific bursts(GRB 180720B, GRB 190114C, GRB 190829A, GRB 201216C, and GRB 221009A) to identify the optimal parameters characterizing these events. A comparative analysis of model parameter distributions with and without VhE radiation observations reveals that the magnetic energy equipartition factor εBis more concentrated with VhE emissions. This suggests that VhE emissions may offer greater constraints on this microphysical parameter. Additionally, we found that the energy budget between VhE and ke V–Me V γ-ray emissions under the ssC radiation exhibits an almost linear relationship, which may serve as a tool to differentiate radiation mechanisms. We anticipate future statistical analyses of additional VhE bursts to validate our findings.

关键词： (transients:) gamma-ray bursts gamma-rays: IsM radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

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search for the weak decayψ(3686)→■+c.c.

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Chinese Physics C 2023年第1期47卷 19-27页

作者：麦迪娜 M.N.Achasov P.Adlarson M.Albrecht R.Aliberti A.Amoroso 安美儒安琪白旭红白羽 O.Bakina R.Baldini Ferroli I.Balossino 班勇 V.Batozskaya D.Becker K.Begzsuren N.Berger M.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi J.Bloms A.Bortone I.Boyko R.A.Briere A.Brueggemann 蔡浩蔡啸 A.Calcaterra 曹国富曹宁 s.A.Cetin 常劲帆常万玲 G.Chelkov 陈琛陈超陈刚陈和生陈玛丽陈申见陈少敏 T.chen 陈旭荣 X.T.chen 陈元柏陈卓俊成伟帅初晓 G.Cibinetto F.Cossio 崔佳佳代洪亮代建平 A.Dbeyssi R.E.de Boer D.Dedovich 邓子艳 A.Denig I.Denysenko M.Destefanis F.De Mori 丁勇董静董燎原董明义董翔杜书先 P.Egorov 范玉兰方建房双世方文兴方易 R.Farinelli L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici 封常青冯俊华 K Fischer M.Fritsch C.Fritzsch 傅成栋高涵高原宁高扬 s.Garbolino I.Garzia 葛潘婷葛振武耿聪 E.M.Gersabeck A Gilman K.Goetzen 龚丽龚文煊 W.Gradl M.Greco 谷立民顾旻皓顾运厅关春懿郭爱强郭立波郭如盼郭玉萍 A.Guskov 韩婷婷韩文颖郝喜庆 F.A.harris 何凯凯何康林 F.h.heinsius C.h.heinz 衡月昆 C.herold M.himmelreich 侯国一侯颖锐侯治龙胡海明 J.F.hu 胡涛胡誉黄光顺黄凯旋黄麟钦黄麟钦黄性涛黄燕萍黄震 T.hussain N hüsken W.Imoehl M.Irshad J.Jackson s.Jaeger s.Janchiv 纪全姬清平季晓斌季筱璐吉钰瑶贾泽坤姜侯兵姜赛赛江晓山 Y.Jiang 焦健斌焦铮金山金毅荆茂强 T.Johansson N.Kalantar-Nayestanaki 康晓珅 R.Kappert 柯百谦 I.K.Keshk A.Khoukaz P.Kiese R.Kiuchi R.Kliemt L.Koch O.B.Kolcu B.Kopf M.Kuemmel M.Kuessner A.Kupsc W.Kühn J.J.Lane J.s.Lange P.Larin A.Lavania L.Lavezzi 雷祚弘 h.Leithoff M.Lellmann T.Lenz 李翠李聪李春花李澄李德民李飞李刚李慧李贺李海波李惠静 h.N.Li J.Q.Li 李静舒李井文李科 L.J.Li 李龙科李蕾李明浩李培荣李素娴栗帅迎李腾李卫东李卫国李旭红李晓玲李晓宇梁昊梁浩梁浩梁勇飞梁羽铁廖广睿廖龙洲 J.Libby A.Limphirat 林创新林德旭 T.Lin 刘北江刘春秀 D.Liu 刘福虎刘芳刘峰 G.M.Liu h.Liu 刘宏邦刘怀民刘欢欢刘汇慧刘建北刘佳俊刘晶译刘凯刘魁勇刘珂刘亮刘露刘美宏刘佩莲刘倩刘树彬刘桐刘维克刘卫民刘翔刘英刘玉斌刘振安刘智青娄辛丑卢飞翔吕海江吕军光陆小玲卢宇卢云鹏 Z.h.Lu 罗成林罗民兴罗涛罗小兰吕晓睿吕翌丰马凤才马海龙马连良马明明马秋梅马润秋马瑞廷马骁妍马尧 F.E.Maas M.Maggiora s.Maldaner s.Malde Q.A.Malik A.Mangoni 冒亚军毛泽普 s.Marcello 孟召霞 J.G.Messchendorp G.Mezzadri h.Miao 闵天觉 R.E.Mitchell 莫晓虎 N.Yu.Muchnoi Y.Nefedov F.Nerling I.B.Nikolaev 宁哲 s.Nisar 牛艳 s.L.Olsen 欧阳群 s.Pacetti 潘祥潘越 A.Pathak M.Pelizaeus 彭海平 K.Peters 平加伦平荣刚 s.Plura s.Pogodin V.Prasad 齐法制齐航漆红荣祁鸣齐天钰钱森钱文斌钱圳乔从丰秦佳佳秦丽清覃潇平秦小帅秦中华邱进发屈三强 K.h.Rashid C.F.Redmer 任旷洁 A.Rivetti V.Rodin M.Rolo 荣刚 Ch.Rosn Institute of high Energy Physics Beijing 100049China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing 102617China Bochum Ruhr-University D-44780 BochumGermany Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPennsylvania 15213USA Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China Central south University Changsha 410083China China Center of Advanced science and Technology Beijing 100190China COMsATs University Islamabad Lahore CampusDefence RoadOff Raiwind Road54000 LahorePakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200433China G.I.Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics sB RAs(BINP) Novosibirsk 630090Russia GsI helmholtzcentre for heavy Ion Research Gmbh D-64291 DarmstadtGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi University Nanning 530004China hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036China hebei University Baoding 071002China helmholtz Institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China henan University of science and Technology Luoyang 471003China henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001China huangshan College Huangshan 245000China hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China hunan University Changsha 410082China Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA AINFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati I-00044FrascatiItaly INFN sezione di Perugia I-06100PerugiaItaly University of Perugia I-06100PerugiaItaly INFN sezione di Ferrara I-44122FerraraItaly University of Ferrara I-44122FerraraItaly Institute of Modern Physics Lanzhou 730000China Institute of Physics and Technology Peace Avenue 54BUlaanbaatar 13330Mongolia Jilin University Changchun 130012China Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45D-55099 MainzGermany Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 DubnaMoscow regionRussia Justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen II.Physikalisches InstitutHeinrich-Buff-Ring 16D-35392 GiessenGermany Lanzhou U

Using(448.1±2.9)×10^(6)ψ(3686)for the weak baryonic decayψ(3686)→Λc+∑-+c.c..The analysis procedure is optimized using a blinded *** significant signal is observed,and the upper limit on the branching fraction(B... 详细信息

关键词： weak decay upper limit BEsIII detector

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A non-fluorinated liquid-like membrane with excellent anti-scaling performance for membrane distillation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 521-528页

作者： Jianwen Zhao shuai Wang shanshan Zhao Liwei chen Fangang Meng Xuelin Tian state Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite&Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Membrane distillation(MD)has gained extensive attention for treating highly saline ***,membrane scaling during the MD process has hindered the rapid development of this *** approaches to mitigate scaling in membrane distillation focus primarily on achieving enhanced hydrophobicity and even superhydrophobicity via utilizing fluorinated fibrous membrane or introducing perfluorosilane *** the environmental hazards posed by fluorinated compounds,it is highly desirable to develop non-fluorinated membranes with enhanced anti-scaling properties for effective membrane *** this study,we present a non-fluorinated liquid-like MD membrane with exceptional anti-scaling *** membrane was facilely fabricated by grafting linear polydimethylsiloxane(LPDMs)onto a hydrophilic polyether sulfone(PEs)membrane pre-coated with the intermediate layers of polydopamine and silica(denoted as LPDMs-PEs).Remarkably,LPDMs-PEs manifested a drastically improved scaling resistance in continuous MD tests than its perfluorinated counterpart,i.e.,1h,1h,2h,2h-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane-modified PEs membrane(PFOs-PEs),in both heterogeneous nucleation-dominated and crystal deposition-dominated scaling processes,despite the latter having a smaller surface ***-PEs demonstrated a reduction of crystal accumulation of approximately 85%for Na Cl and 73%for Ca sO_(4) in the heterogeneous nucleation-dominated scaling process compared to ***,in the crystal deposition-dominated scaling process LPDMs-PEs exhibited a reduction of about 70%in scale *** results explicitly evidenced the great potential of the liquid-like membrane to minimize scaling in membrane distillation by inhibiting both scale nucleation and adhesion onto the *** believe the findings of this study have important implications for the design of high-performance MD membranes,particularly in the quest for environmentally susta

关键词： surface modification Liquid-like membranes Anti-scaling Non-fluorinated Direct contact membrane distillation

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Interfacial B-O bonding modulated s-scheme B-doped N-deficient C_(3)N_(4)/O-doped-C_(3)N_(5) for efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 355-361页

作者： Entian Cui Yulian Lu Zhaoxia Li Zhilei chen chengyan Ge Jizhou Jiang Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province Yancheng Institute of TechnologyYancheng 224051China school of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of EducationEngineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of EducationWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China

Photocatalytic overall pure water splitting is a promising method for generating green hydrogen energy under mild ***,this process is often hindered by sluggish electron-hole separation and *** address this,a step-scheme(s-scheme)B-doped N-deficient C_(3)N_(4)/O-doped C_(3)N_(5)(BN-C_(3)N_(4)/O-C_(3)N_(5))heterojunction with interfacial B-O bonds has been *** Pt and Co(Oh)_(2) as co-catalysts,BN-C_(3)N_(4)/O-C_(3)N_(5) s-scheme heterojunction demonstrates significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity for overall pure water splitting under visible light,achieving h_(2) and O_(2) evolution rates of 40.12 and 19.62μmol/h,*** characterizations and experiments revealed the performance-enhancing effects of the enhanced built-in electric field and the interfacial B-O ***,the strengthened built-in electric field provides sufficient force for rapid interfacial electron ***,by reducing the transport energy barrier and transfer distance,the interfacial B-O bonds facilitate rapid recombination of electrons and holes with relatively low redox potential via the s-scheme charge-transfer route,leaving the high-potential electrons and holes available for h^(+)reduction and Oh^(-)oxidation ***,the photocatalytic efficiency of BN-C_(3)N_(4)/O-C_(3)N_(5) s-scheme heterojunction was significantly improved,making it a promising approach for green hydrogen production through overall pure water splitting.

关键词： Interfacial B-O bonds BN-C_(3)N_(4) O-C_(3)N_(5) s-scheme heterojunction Water splitting

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Derivatives of local times and hausdorff dimension of inverse images of space-time anisotropic Gaussian random fields

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Acta Mathematica sinica,English series 2025年

作者： Zhenlong chen Peng Xu school of statistics and Mathematics Zhejiang Gongshang University

Let X={X（t）, t∈RN}be a centered space-time anisotropic Gaussian random field with values in Rd. Under some general conditions, the existence, joint continuity and h¨older conditions of higher-order derivative of local times of X are studied. Moreover, we obtain the uniform hausdorff dimension of the inverse images of X. The existing results of Gaussian random fields are extended to space-time anisotropic Gaussian random fields with approximate independent components.

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Integrated analysis and systematic characterization of the regulatory network for human germline development

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2025年第2期52卷 204-219页

作者： Yashi Gu Jiayao chen Ziqi Wang Qizhe shao Zhekai Li Yaxuan Ye Xia Xiao Yitian Xiao Wenyang Liu sisi Xie Lingling Tong Jin Jiang Xiaoying Xiao Ya Yu Min Jin Yanxing Wei Robert s.Young Lei hou Di chen Center for Reproductive Medicine of the second Affiliated hospital Center for Regeneration and Cell Therapy of Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute(ZJU-UoE Institute)Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310003China Edinburgh Medical school:Biomedical sciences College of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Center for Reproductive Medicine of the second Affiliated hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310003China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Research Centre for Women's and Infants'health Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research InstituteSinai Health SystemTorontoM5T3H7Canada Center for Global health Research Usher InstituteUniversity of EdinburghTeviot Place5-7 Little France RoadEdinburgh BioQuarter-Gate 3EdinburghEH164UXUK Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute Zhejiang UniversityHainingZhejiang 314400China section of Biomedical Genetics Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA 02118United States state Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology HainingZhejiang 314400China

Primordial germ cells(PGCs)are the precursors of germline that are specified at the embryonic *** studies reveal that humans employ different mechanisms for PGC specification compared with model organisms such as ***,the specific regulatory machinery remains largely unexplored,mainly due to the inaccessible nature of this complex biological process in ***,we curate and integrate multi-omics data,including 581 RNA-seq,54 ATAC-seq,45 ChIP-seq,and 69 single-cell RNA-seq samples from different stages of human PGC development to recapitulate the precisely controlled and stepwise process,presenting an atlas in the human PGC database(hPGCdb).With these uniformly processed data and integrated analyses,we characterize the potential key transcription factors and regulatory networks governing human germ cell *** validate the important roles of some of the key factors in germ cell development by CRIsPRi *** also identify the soma-germline interaction network and discover the involvement of sDC2 and LAMA4 for PGC development,as well as soma-derived NOTCh2 signaling for germ cell *** together,we have built a database for human PGCs(http://43.***.248.15:6882)and demonstrate that hPGCdb enables the identification of the missing pieces of mechanisms governing germline development,including both intrinsic and extrinsic regulatory programs.

关键词： Primordial germ cells Regulatory network soma-germ cell interaction Database

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Charge polarity inversion and zincophilicity improvement for chitosan separator towards durable aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 110-119页

作者： Jiaqi Yu Bo Liu hong Ma Zehua Fan Xiang han Qinghua Tian Jizhang chen Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry University College of Mathematics and Physics Jinggangshan University Key Laboratory of surface & Interface science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech University

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries encounter enormous challenges such as Zn dendrites and parasitic *** modification is a highly effective strategy to address these *** the advantages of low cost,nontoxicity,biodegradability,good film-forming ability,superior hydro phi licity,and rich functional groups,chitosan is an ideal matrix for constructing ***,the presence of positive charges within chitosan in weakly acidic electrolytes is unfavorable for dendrite ***,schiff base reaction is introduced to modify chitosan matrix,transforming its charge polarity from positive to ***,NbN with excellent zincophilicity is coated onto chitosan matrix,forming a Janus separator with low thickness of 19 μm and considerably improved mechanical *** resultant separator can promote the transport of Zn2+ions while triggering a repulsive shielding effect against anions,therefore dramatically enhancing Zn2+ion transfer number from 0.28 to *** separator can also facilitate desolvation process,improve exchange current density,restrict two-dimensional Zn2+ion diffusion,and enhance electrochemical kinetics,contributing to significantly inhibited dendrite growth,by-product formation,and hydrogen ***,stable and reversible Zn stripping/plating process is enabled for over 2500 h at 2 mA cm-2and 2 mAh *** great rate capability and excellent cyclability can be achieved for full batteries even under harsh *** work provides new insights into separator design for Zn-based batteries.

关键词： Aqueous zinc-ion batteries Charge polarity regulation Chitosan utilization Dendrite inhibition separator modification

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Development of an automated photolysis rates prediction system based on machine learning

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第5期151卷 211-224页

作者： Weijun Pan sunling Gong huabing Ke Xin Li Duohong chen cheng huang Danlin song state Key Laboratory of severe Weather&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Environmental sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China state Environmental Key Laboratory of Reginal Air Quality Monitoring Guangdong Ecological Environmental Monitoring CenterGuangzhou 510308China state Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China chengdu Academy of Environmental sciences Chengdu 610072China National Observation and Research station of Coastal Ecological Environments in Macao Macao Environmental Research InstituteMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

Based on observed meteorological elements,photolysis rates(J-values)and pollutant concentrations,an automated J-values predicting system by machine learning(J-ML)has been developed to reproduce and predict the J-values of O^(1)D,NO_(2),hONO,h_(2)O_(2),hChO,and NO_(3),which are the crucial values for the prediction of the atmospheric oxidation capacity(AOC)and secondary pollutant concentrations such as ozone(O_(3)),secondary organic aerosols(sOA).The J-ML can self-select the optimal“Model+hyperparameters”without human *** evaluated results showed that the J-ML had a good performance to reproduce the J-values wheremost of the correlation(R)coefficients exceed 0.93 and the accuracy(P)values are in the range of 0.68-0.83,comparing with the J-values from observations and from the tropospheric ultraviolet and visible(TUV)radiation model in Beijing,chengdu,Guangzhou and shanghai,*** hourly prediction was also well performed with R from 0.78 to 0.81 for next 3-days and from 0.69 to 0.71 for next 7-days,*** with O_(3)concentrations by using J-values from the TUV model,an emission-driven observation-based model(e-OBM)by using the J-values from the J-ML showed a 4%-12%increase in R and 4%-30%decrease in ME,indicating that the J-ML could be used as an excellent supplement to traditional numerical *** feature importance analysis concluded that the key influential parameter was the surface solar downwards radiation for all J-values,and the other dominant factors for all J-values were 2-m mean temperature,O_(3),total cloud cover,boundary layer height,relative humidity and surface pressure.

关键词： J-values Automated prediction system Machine learning short-term prediction O_(3) simulated improvement

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Nickel-copper alloying arrays realizing efficient co-electrosynthesis of adipic acid and hydrogen

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第02期101卷 7-15页

作者： Xuhui Ren Qianyu Zhang Yun Tong Guorong Zhou Cong Lin Yanying Zhao Pengzuo chen school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang Sci-Tech University

Constructing electrocatalytic overall reaction technology to couple the electrosynthesis of adipic acid with energy-saving hydrogen production is of significant for sustainable energy ***,the development of highly-active bifunctional electrocatalysts remains a ***,3D hierarchical nickel-copper alloying arrays with dendritic morphology are manufactured by a simple electrodeposition process,standing for the excellent bifunctional electrocatalyst towards the co-production of adipic acid and h2from cyclohexanone and *** membrane-free flow electrolyzer of Cu0.81Ni0.19/NF shows the superior electrooxidation performance of ketone-alcohol（KA） oil with high faradaic efficiencies of over 90% for adipic acid and h2,robust stability over 200 h as well as a high yield of 0.6 mmol h-1for adipic acid at 100 mA ***-situ spectroscopy indicates the Cu0.81Ni0.19alloy contributes to forming more active NiOOh species to involve in the conversion of cyclohexanone to adipic acid,while the proposed reaction pathway undergoes the 2-hydroxycyclohexanone and 2,7-oxepanedione ***,the theoretical calculations confirm that the optimal electronic interaction,boosted reaction kinetics as well as improved adsorption free energy of reaction intermediates,synergistically endows Cu0.81Ni0.19alloy with superior bifunctional performance.

关键词： Adipic acid Cu0.81Ni0.19 alloy Cyclohexanone oxidation reaction hydrogen evolution reaction hydrogen fuel

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Co-production of hydrogen, oxygen, and electricity via an integrated solar-driven system with decoupled water electrolyzer and Na-Zn ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 621-627页

作者： Fei Lv Longjie Liu Jiazhe Wu Pengfei Wang Lixia Pan Dengwei Jing Yubin chen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

Combining water electrolysis and rechargeable battery technologies into a single system holds great promise for the co-production of hydrogen (h_(2)) and ***,the design and development of such systems is still in its ***,an integrated hydrogen-oxygen (O_(2))-electricity co-production system featuring a bipolar membrane-assisted decoupled electrolyzer and a Na-Zn ion battery was established with sodium nickelhexacyanoferrate (NaNihCF) and Zn^(2+)/Zn as dual redox *** decoupled electrolyzer enables to produce h_(2)and O_(2)in different time and space with almost 100%Faradaic efficiency at 100 mA cm^(-2).Then,the charged NaNihCF and Zn electrodes after the electrolysis processes formed a Na-Zn ion battery,which can generate electricity with an average cell voltage of 1.75 V at 10 m A cm^(-2).By connecting si photovoltaics with the modular electrochemical device,a well-matched solar driven system was built to convert the intermittent solar energy into hydrogen and electric energy with a solar to hydrogen-electricity efficiency of 16.7%,demonstrating the flexible storage and conversion of renewables.

关键词： hydrogen Electricity Decoupled water electrolyzer Na-Zn ion battery solar energy

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