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ChARACTERIZATION　OF　NANOsTRUCTURED　MATERIALs　BY　ANALYTICAL　ELECTRON　MICROsCOPY

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 1996年第4期9卷 279-282页

作者： L.D. he,G.Y Zeng,X.Liu h.s. hu,D.song and L.Z.Cheng(Electron Microscope Laboratory Northeastern University shenyang 110006, China

The analytical electron microscopy h.s.been used to characterize the morphology,structure and composition of the nanostructured material of sn- Bi alloy prepared by a modified electrohydrodynamic technique. The electron diffraction pattern and the corresponding contrast image for the discrete particles with a diameter smaller than 4 nm have been *** is shown that the nanocrystalline sn-Bi alloy particles comprise a single crystal of Bi-containing β-sn solid solution or of sn-containing Bi solid solution. A direct preparation procedure of the samples during the electrohydrodynamic rapid solidification process h.s.been developed for electron microscopic observation.

关键词： nanostructured material electrohydrodynamic technique analytical electron microscopy sn-Bi alloy

Co/Co_(7)Fe_(3)heterostructures with controllable alloying degree on carbon spheres as bifunctional electrocatalyst forrechargeable zinc-air batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 476-487页

作者： Junkang Chen Yongyue Zhuang Yanxin Qiao Yu Zhang Aihua Yuan hu Zhou school of Materials science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China school of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

Exploring efficient and nonprecious metal electrocatalysts of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is crucial for developing rechargeable zinc-air batteries(ZABs).herein,an alloying-degree control strategy was employed to fabricate nitrogen-doped carbon sphere(NCs)decorated with dual-ph.s. Co/Co_(7)Fe_(3)heterojunctions(CoFe@NCs).The ph.s. composition of materials h.s.been adjusted by controlling the alloying *** optimal CoFe_(0.08)@NCs electrocatalyst displays a half-wave potential of 0.80 V for ORR and an overpotential of 283 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2)for OER in an alkaline *** intriguing bifunctional electrocatalytic activity and durability is attributed to the hierarchically porous structure and interfacial electron coupling of highly-active Co_(7)Fe_(3)alloy and metallic Co *** the CoFe_(0.08)@NCs material is used as air-cathode catalyst of rechargeable liquid-state zinc-air battery(ZAB),the device shows a high peak power-density(157 mW·cm^(-2))and maintains a stable voltage gap over 150 h,outperforming th.s. of the benchmark(Pt/C+RuO_(2))-based *** particular,the as-fabricated solid-state flexible ZAB delivers a reliable compatibility under different bending *** work provides a promising strategy to develop metal/alloy-based electrocatalysts for the application in renewable energy conversion technologies.

关键词： bifunctional electrocatalysts oxygen reduction reaction oxygen evolution reaction zinc-air battery metal/alloy carbon sphere

Photo‑Energized Mos_(2)/CNT Cathode for high‑Performance Li–CO_(2)Batteries in a Wide‑Temperature Range

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 160-175页

作者： Tingsong hu Wenyi Lian Kang hu Qiuju Li Xueliang Cui Tengyu Yao Laifa shen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy storage College of Materials Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016People’s Republic of China

Li–CO_(2) batteries are considered promising energy storage systems in extreme environments such as Mars;however,severe performance degradation will occur at a subzero temperature owning to the sluggish reaction ***,a photo-energized strategy adopting sustainable solar energy in wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery was achieved with a binder-free Mos_(2)/carbon nanotube(CNT)photo-electrode as *** unique layered structure and excellent photoelectric properties of Mos_(2) facilitate the abundant generation and rapid transfer of photo-excited carriers,which accelerate the CO_(2) reduction and Li_(2)CO_(3) decomposition upon *** illuminated battery at room temperature exhibited high discharge voltage of 2.95 V and mitigated charge voltage of 3.27 V,attaining superior energy efficiency of 90.2%and excellent cycling stability of over 120 *** at an extremely low temperature of−30℃,the battery with.s.me electrolyte can still deliver a small polarization of 0.45 V by the photoelectric and photothermal synergistic mechanism of Mos_(2)/CNT *** work demonstrates the promising potential of the photo-energized wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery in addressing the obstacle of charge overpotential and energy efficiency.

关键词： Li-CO_(2)batteries Photo-energized Wide operation-temperature Kinetics Mos_(2)

Electrochemical conversion of methane to bridge the gap in the artificial carbon cycle

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 286-308页

作者： Yuhao Peng Yuefeng song Ihar Razanau Juanxiu Xiao Wei Xiao Di hu Guoxiong Wang College of Chemistry and Molecular sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Wuhan University state Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Ph.s.cal-Chemical Technologies SSPA Scientific and Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus state Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in south China sea Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology School of Marine Science and Engineering Hainan University Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Methane, an abundant one-carbon（C1） resource, is extensively used in the industrial production of vital fuels and value-added chemicals. however, current industrial methane conversion technologies are energy-and carbon-intensive, mainly due to the high activation energy required to break the inert C–h bond, low selectivity, and problematic side reactions, including CO2emissions and coke deposition. Electrochemical conversion of methane（ECM） using intermittent renewable energy offers an attractive solution, due to its modular reactor design and operational flexibility across a broad spectrum of temperatures and pressures. Th.s.review emph.s.zes conversion pathways of methane in various reaction systems, highlighting the significance and advantages of ECM in facilitating a sustainable artificial carbon cycle. Th.s.work provides a comprehensive overview of conventional methane activation mechanisms and delineates the complete pathways of methane conversion in electrolysis contexts. Based on surface/interface chemistry, th.s.work systematically analyzes proposed reaction pathways and corresponding strategies to enhance ECM efficiency towards various target products, including syngas, hydrocarbons, oxygenates, and advanced carbon materials. The discussion also encompasses opportunities and challenges for the ECM process, including insigh.s.into ECM pathways, rational electrocatalyst design, establishment of benchmarking protocols, electrolyte engineering, enhancement of Ch4conversion rates, and minimization of CO2emission.

关键词： Methane Electrochemical conversion Reaction mechanism Catalyst design Electrode Electrocatalysis

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Alzheimer’s disease:effects on neural and synaptic rehabilitation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 326-342页

作者： Yi Ji Chaoyi Yang Xuerui Pang Yibing Yan Yue Wu Zhi Geng Wenjie hu Panpan hu Xingqi Wu Kai Wang Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders HefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental health HefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Psychology and sleep Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from deficits in synaptic transmission and *** Alzheimer’s disease brain tends to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronized,thereby causing neurodegeneration and ultimately disrupting the operational abilities in daily life,leaving patients *** transcranial magnetic stimulation is a cost-effective,neuro-modulatory technique used for multiple neurological *** the past two decades,it h.s.been widely used to predict cognitive decline;identify pathoph.s.ological markers;promote neuroplasticity;and assess brain excitability,plasticity,and *** h.s.also been applied to patients with dementia,because it can yield facilitatory effects on cognition and promote brain recovery after a neurological ***,its therapeutic effectiveness at the molecular and synaptic levels h.s.not been elucidated because of a limited number of *** study aimed to characterize the neurobiological changes following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment,evaluate its effects on synaptic plasticity,and identify the associated *** review essentially focuses on changes in the pathology,amyloidogenesis,and clearance pathways,given that amyloid deposition is a major hypoth.s.s in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s *** mechanisms associated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation procedures and different pathways mediating gene transcription,which are closely related to the neural regeneration process,are also ***,we discuss the outcomes of animal studies in which neuroplasticity is modulated and assessed at the structural and functional levels by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,with the aim to highlight future directions for better clinical translations.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid deposition apoptotic mechanisms biomarker neural regeneration neurodegeneration repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation synaptic plasticity

Potential role of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1599-1612页

作者： Guibo Qi han Tang Jianian hu siying Kang song Qin Department of Anatomy Histologyand EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina state Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain science Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Tanycytes, specialized ependymal cells located in the hypothalamus, play a crucial role in the generation of new neurons that contribute to the neural circuits responsible for regulating the systemic energy balance. The precise coordination of the gene networks controlling neurogenesis in naive and mature tanycytes is essential for maintaining homeostasis in adulthood. however, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that govern the proliferation and differentiation of tanycytes into neurons remains limited. Th.s.article aims to review the recent advancements in research into the mechanisms and functions of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis. studies employing lineage-tracing techniques have revealed that the neurogenesis specifically originating from tanycytes in the hypothalamus h.s.a compensatory role in neuronal loss and helps maintain energy homeostasis during metabolic diseases. Intriguingly,metabolic disorders are considered early biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore,the neurogenic potential of tanycytes and the state of newborn neurons derived from tanycytes heavily depend on the maintenance of mild microenvironments, which may be disrupted in Alzheimer's disease due to the impaired blood–brain barrier ***, the specific alterations and regulatory mechanisms governing tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease remain unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that tanycyte-derived neurogenesis might be impaired in Alzheimer's disease, exacerbating neurodegeneration. Confirming th.s.hypoth.s.s, however, poses a challenge because of the lack of long-term tracing and nucleus-specific analyses of newborn neurons in the hypothalamus of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying tanycyte-derived neurogenesis holds promise for identifying small molecules capable of restoring tanycyte proliferation in neurodegenerative diseases. Th.s.line of investigation could pro

关键词： Alzheimer's disease blood–brain barrier ependymoglial cells hypothalamus metabolic diseases neural stem cells neurogenesis neuroinflammatory diseases neurons tanycyte

sensFL:Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated Learning with.s.nsitive Regularization

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 385-404页

作者： Chongzhen Zhang Zhichen Liu Xiangrui Xu Fuqiang hu Jiao Dai Baigen Cai Wei Wang school of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China shuohuang Railway Development Co. Ltd.National Energy GroupCangzhou062350China Beijing Key Laboratory of security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation School of Computer Science and TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

In the realm of Intelligent Railway Transportation systems,effective multi-party collaboration is crucial due to concerns over privacy and data *** Federated Learning(VFL)h.s.emerged as a promising approach to facilitate such collaboration,allowing diverse entities to collectively enhance machine learning models without the need to share sensitive training ***,existing works have highlighted VFL’s susceptibility to privacy inference attacks,where an honest but curious server could potentially reconstruct a client’s raw data from embeddings uploaded by the *** vulnerability poses a significant threat to VFL-based intelligent railway transportation *** th.s.paper,we introduce sensFL,a novel privacy-enhancing method to against privacy inference attacks in ***,sensFL integrates regularization of the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data into the model training process,effectively limiting the information contained in shared *** reducing the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data,sensFL can effectively resist reverse privacy attacks and prevent the reconstruction of the original data from the *** experiments were conducted on four distinct datasets and three different models to demonstrate the efficacy of *** results show that sensFL can effectively mitigate privacy inference attacks while maintaining the accuracy of the primary learning *** results underscore sensFL’s potential to advance privacy protection technologies within VFL-based intelligent railway systems,addressing critical security concerns in collaborative learning environments.

关键词： Vertical federated learning privacy defenses

Unraveling brain aging through the lens of oral microbiota

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1930-1943页

作者： Qinchao hu si Wang Weiqi Zhang Jing Qu Guang-hui Liu state Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina h.s.ital of stomatology Guanghua School of StomatologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Advanced Innovation Center for human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Aging Translational Medicine Center International Center for Aging and CancerBeijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research CenterXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina CAs Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of sciences BeijingChina Institute for stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Aging Biomarker Consortium BeijingChina state Key Laboratory of stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Institute for stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine BeijingChina

The oral cavity is a complex ph.s.ological community encompassing a wide range of *** of oral microbiota can lead to various oral infectious diseases,such as periodontitis and tooth decay,and even affect systemic health,including brain aging and neurodegenerative *** studies have highlighted how oral microbes might be involved in brain aging and neurodegeneration,indicating potential avenues for intervention *** th.s.review,we summarize clinical evidence demonstrating a link between oral microbes/oral infectious diseases and brain aging/neurodegenerative diseases,and dissect potential mechanisms by which oral microbes contribute to brain aging and *** also highlight advances in therapeutic development grounded in the realm of oral microbes,with the goal of advancing brain health and promoting healthy aging.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease brain aging multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neurodegenerative diseases oral microbiota Parkinson's disease periodontitis bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Al/Mg Alloy Multilayered Composites Produced by Accumulative Roll Bonding

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2011年第1期27卷 15-21页

作者： h.s. Liu B. Zhang G.P. Zhang shenyang National Laboratory for Materials science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials & Metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China

Al/Mg alloy multilayered composites were produced successfully at the lower temperature（280 C） by accumulative roll bonding（ARB） processing *** microstructures of Al and Mg alloy layers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron *** hardness and three-point bending tests were conducted to investigate mechanical properties of the *** is found that Vickers hardness,bending strength and stiffness modulus of the Al/Mg alloy multilayered composite increase with increasing the ARB *** and crack propagation along the interface are the two main failure modes of the multilayered composite subjected to bending *** and fracture mechanisms of the composite are analyzed.

关键词： Accumulative roll bonding(ARB) Al/Mg alloy multilayered composite Ultra-fine grains hardness Bending properties