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Grey box modeling of supermarket refrigeration cabinets

Energy and AI 2023年第1期11卷 63-70页

作者： K.Leerbeck P.Bacher C.heerup h.madsen DTU Compute Bygning 3242800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark Gregersensvej 2 2630 TaastrupDenmark

Aiming to enable robust large-scale fault diagnostics and optimized control for supermarket refrigerationsystems, a data-driven grey box model for an evaporator and its surrounding cooling cabinet (or room) ispresented. It is a non-linear model with two states: the cabinet temperature and the refrigerant mass in theevaporator. To demonstrate its applicability, data with one-minute sampling resolution from ten evaporators ina supermarket in Otterup (Denmark) was used. The model parameters were estimated using a Kalman filter andthe maximum likelihood method. Since the dynamical properties of the cabinets constantly change as goodsare added and removed, the parameters were re-estimated for each night, over a period of approximately 2.5years. The model is validated through a statistical analysis of the residuals and the importance of the ongoingre-estimation of parameters is highlighted. Furthermore, the physical meaning of the estimated parameters isdiscussed and potential applications for characterization and classification of cabinets are demonstrated, byshowing how they can be differentiated as either open- or closed cabinets or rooms, using only the estimatedheat transfer coefficients and heat capacities. For a selected case it is shown that the estimated parametervalues are close to physics derived values, and that the accuracy measured by the standard errors of theestimates is approximately ±10% relative to the estimated values. The analysis demonstrates that the modelis robust, accurate and reliable in terms of estimating physically meaningful parameters and it is thereforeappropriate for large-scale implementation.

关键词： Grey box modeling CO_(2) refrigeration systems Refrigeration cabinets and evaporators System identification Classification

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Neuroinflammation as a therapeutic target in huntington's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 817-818页

作者： Andrea Kwakowsky Thulani h.Palpagama Center for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

In 1872, George huntington presented his essay “On Chorea” to the Meigs and Mason Academy of Medicine and, in doing so, detailed a disease that would later bear his name. huntington's disease(hD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative disease that manifests as the loss of motor control,cognitive impairment,and mood and psychiatric changes in paents.

关键词： huntington inflammation Medicine

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Evolutionary computing and machine learning for discovering of low-energy defect configurations

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 628-640页

作者： Marco Arrigoni Georg K.h.madsen Institute of Materials Chemistry TU WienViennaAustria

Density functional theory(DFT)has become a standard tool for the study of point defects in ***,finding the most stable defective structures remains a very challenging task as it involves the solution of a multimodal optimization problem with a high-dimensional objective ***,the approaches most commonly used to tackle this problem have been mostly empirical,heuristic,and/or based on domain *** this contribution,we describe an approach for exploring the potential energy surface(PES)based on the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy(CMA-ES)and supervised and unsupervised machine learning *** resulting algorithm depends only on a limited set of physically interpretable hyperparameters and the approach offers a systematic way for finding low-energy configurations of isolated point defects in *** demonstrate its applicability on different systems and show its ability to find known low-energy structures and discover additional ones as well.

关键词： function configuration finding

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Glial response in the midcingulate cortex in huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 207-208页

作者： Thulani h.Palpagama Andrea Kwakowsky Center for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CenterUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

huntington’s disease(hD)is a genetic disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of the striatum and *** can present with a variety of symptoms that can broadly be classified into motor symptoms,inclusive of choreatic movements and rigidity,mood and psychiatric symptoms,such as depression and apathy,and cognitive symptoms,such as cognitive *** causal mutation underlying hD results from an expansion of a CAG repeat sequence on the IT15 gene,resulting in the formation and accumulation of a mutant huntingtin protein.

关键词： huntington degeneration cortex

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Comparative chemical sensor for detection of chromium(Ⅵ) in aqueous solution

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第1期21卷 21-27页

作者： Sura h.AL-REKABI A.A.ALWAhIB Electrical Technique Department Al Suwayrah Technical Institute Middle Technical University Laser and Optoelectronics Department University of Technology-Iraq

A process for purifying aqueous solutions containing heavy and toxic metals such as chromium（Cr） has been investigated. One of the extremely harmful pollutants in rivers and seawater is the heavy metal ions due to their direct impacts on human, animals and plants are hexavalent Cr（Ⅵ）. Consequently, highly sensitive sensor to detect Cr is essential. Surface plasmon resonance（SPR） technique has attracted huge research interest in detecting heavy metals specifically. In this study, three types of prism-based SPR sensor, gold（Au）/silver（Ag）, Au/polyaniline（PANI） and Au/titanium dioxide（TiO2） nanostructured films, are investigated as potential sensing material to detect the presence of Cr（Ⅵ） ions in water. The base Au layer with thickness of 48.3 nm is deposited on a glass slide for all sensors. For Au/Ag, Au/PANI nanofibers and Au/TiO2sensor films, the Cr（Ⅵ） concentration is varied from 1 ppm to 15 ppm with sensitivity of 0.270 °ppm-1, 0.082 °ppm-1and 0.039 °ppm-1, respectively. Based on these results, the Au/PANI nanofibers are the most sensitive to Cr（Ⅵ） among the tested sensing materials.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Does mesenchymal stem cell’s secretome affect spinal sensory circuits?Implication for pain therapies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 181-183页

作者： Francesco Ferrini Esri h.Juárez Adalberto Merighi Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience UniversitéLavalQuébec CityQCCanada

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are multipotent adult stem cells of mesodermal origin that can be isolated from various tissues,including bone marrow,tooth pulp,adipose tissue,and umbilical *** have gained significant attention in regenerative medicine due to their ability to modulate the immune system and favor tissue *** enrich the medium in which they are cultivated with a broad range of bioactive molecules,including growth factors,cytokines,chemokines,enzymes,nucleic acids,and extracellular vesicles that collectively compose the MSC *** increasing number of pre-clinical studies suggest that delivering in vivo an MSC-conditioned medium(i.e.,the medium collected from MSC cultures after at least 3 days of exposure)exerts neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of neurological conditions.

关键词： protective clinical collective

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Dynamic stress concentration in an infinitely long cylindrical cavity due to a point spherical source embedded within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 139-156页

作者： h.hOSSEINI O.BALILAShAKI Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringGolestan University

The effects of a harmonically exciting monopole source on an infinitely long cylindrical cavity embedded entirely within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent are examined theoretically. It is assumed that the source is located outside the cavity at a specified distance from the borehole axis. The magnitudes of the hoop and radial stresses beside the pore pressures exerted on the interface and inside the porous medium surrounding the borehole are calculated and discussed. Biot's poroelastic modeling along with three types of boundary conditions for the cylindrical interface including the ideal fluid, empty borehole, and rigid inclusion with a hard boundary is employed for the analysis. Utilizing a proper translational addition theorem for expressing the incident spherical wave in terms of cylindrical wave expansions, the proposed boundary conditions at the interface are satisfied. Stresses are formulated by means of wave potential functions in a three-dimensional(3D) manner. The effects of the frequency and the radial distance between the source and borehole on the induced stresses are examined for the first cylindrical modes over frequency spectra. Two permeability conditions for the interface and three types of soils for the porous formation are considered throughout the analysis. To give an overall outline of the study, a numerical example is presented. The results clearly indicate that the distance is a key parameter and has considerable effects on the induced stress values. In addition, the interface permeability condition and soil characteristics play an important role in determining the dynamic response of the borehole. Finally,the obtained results are compared with the relevant analyses existing in the literature for some limit cases, and good agreement is achieved.

关键词： Stress concentration

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Solubility Product of Ni-Struvite, Nh4NiPO4·6h2O, at 25°C

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2017年第2期7卷 206-214页

作者： hans E. Lundager madsen Chemistry Department University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark

Solubility product of a sparingly soluble salt is an important parameter in both pure and applied physical chemistry such as determination of values of thermodynamic functions or environmental implications of components of the substance. This paper presents the determination of the solubility product of ammonium nickel phosphate hexahydrate (Ni-struvite) at 25°C by analysis of equilibria attained from both supersaturated and undersaturated solutions, i.e. precipitation and dissolution, respectively. Writing the dissolution process as Nh4NiPO4·6h2O → Nh3 + Ni2+ ++ 6 h2O, the value pKsp = 11.03 ± 0.03 is found for both precipitation and dissolution. The solubility is a little lower than that of the isomorphous Mg salt. This is to be expected from the lattice dimensions of the two phases, the crystals of Ni-struvite being slightly more compact.

关键词： Ammonium Nickel Phosphate Ni-Struvite Solubility Product

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Comparative methane estimation from cattle based on total CO_2 production using different techniques

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第2期3卷 175-179页

作者： Md N.haque hanne h.hansen Ida M.L.D.Storm Jφrgen madsen Department of Large Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen

The objective of this study was to compare the precision of Ch4 estimates using calculated CO_2(hP) by the CO_2 method(CO_2 T) and measured CO_2 in the respiration chamber(CO_2 R). The CO_2 R and CO_2 T study was conducted as a 3 × 3 Latin square design where 3 Dexter heifers were allocated to metabolic cages for 3 periods. Each period consisted of 2 weeks of adaptation followed by 1 week of measurement with the CO_2 R and CO_2 T. The average body weight of the heifer was 226 ± 11 kg(means±SD). They were fed a total mixed ration, twice daily, with 1 of 3 supplements: wheat(W), molasses(M), or molasses mixed with sodium bicarbonate(Mbic). The dry mater intake(DMI: kg/day) was significantly greater(P he metabolic cage compared with that in the respiration chamber. The daily Ch4(L/day) emission was strongly correlated(r=0.78) between CO_2 T and CO_2 R. The daily Ch4(L/kg DMI) emission by the CO_2 T was in the same magnitude as by the CO_2 R. The measured CO_2(L/day) production in the respiration chamber was not different(P = 0.39) from the calculated CO_2 production using the CO_2 T. This result concludes a reasonable accuracy and precision of Ch4 estimation by the CO_2 T compared with the CO_2 R.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Precision Methane Measurement Respiration chamber

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Identification of non-linear autoregressive models with exogenous inputs for room air temperature modelling

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Energy and AI 2022年第3期9卷 78-87页

作者： Christian Ankerstjerne Thilker Peder Bacher Davide Cali henrik madsen Technical University of Denmark Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer ScienceAsmussens AlléBuilding 303BDK-2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

This paper proposes non-linear autoregressive models with exogenous inputs to model the air temperature ineach room of a Danish school building connected to the local district heating network. To obtain satisfactorymodels, the authors find it necessary to estimate the solar radiation effect as a function of the time of the dayusing a B-spline basis expansion. Furthermore, this paper proposes a method for estimating the valve positionof the radiator thermostats in each room using modified hermite polynomials to ensure monotonicity of theestimated curve. The non-linearities require a modification in the estimation procedure: Some parametersare estimated in an outer optimisation, while the usual regression parameters are estimated in an inneroptimisation. The models are able to simulate the temperature 24 h ahead with a root-mean-square-errorof the predictions between 0.25℃ and 0.6℃. The models seem to capture the solar radiation gain in away aligned with expectations. The estimated thermostatic valve functions also seem to capture the importantvariations of the individual room heat inputs.

关键词： Time series analysis Non-linear models District heating Smart energy systems

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