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急性冠状动脉综合征后接受β受体阻断剂治疗的患者中β2肾上腺素能受体基因型与生存率的关系

世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册) 2006年第3期 22-23页

作者： lanfear D. E. Jones P. G. Marsh S. h.l.mcleod 王亭忠 Washington University School of Medicine Campus Box 8069 660 S Euclid Ave St Louis MO 63110 United States Dr.

Context: Previous data support an association between polymorphisms of the β1-and β2-adrenergic receptors(ADRB1 and ADRB2) and surrogate end points of response to β-adrenergic blocker therapy. however, no associations between these polymorphisms and mortality have been demonstrated. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ADRB1 Arg389Gly(1165 CG), Ser49Gly(145 AG), and ADRB2 Gly16Arg(46 GA), Gln27Glu(79 CG) genotypes on survival among patients discharged with prescribed β-blockers after an acute coronary syndrome(ACS). Design, Setting, and Patients: Prospective cohort study of 735 ACS patients admitted to 2 Kansas City, Mo, medical centers between March 2001 and October 2002; 597 patients were discharged with β-blocker therapy. Main Outcome Measure: Multivariable-adjusted time to all-cause 3-year mortality. Results: There were 84 deaths during follow-up. There was a significant association between ADRB2 genotype and 3-year mortality among patients prescribed β -blocker therapy. For the 79 CG polymorphism, Kaplan-Meier 3-year mortality rates were 16% (35 deaths), 11% (27 deaths), and 6% (4 deaths) for the CC, CG, and GG genotypes, respectively(P=.03; adjusted hazard ratios AhRs , 0.51 95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.30-0.87 for CG vs CC and 0.24(95% CI, 0.09-0.68) for GG vs CC, P=.004). For the ADRB2 46 GA polymorphism, 3-year Kaplan-Meier mortality estimates were 10% (17 deaths), 10% (28 deaths), and 20% (20 deaths) for the GG, GA, and AA genotypes, respectively(P=.005; AhRs, 0.48 95% CI, 0.27-0.86 for GA vs AA and 0.44 95% CI, 0.22-0.85 for GG vs AA, P=.02). No mortality difference between genotypes was found among patients not discharged with β -blocker therapy for either the 79 CG or 46 GA polymorphisms(P=.98 and P=.49, respectively). The ADRB2 diplotype and compound genotypes were predictive of survival in patients treated with β -blockers(P=.04 and P=.002; AhRs, 5.36 95% CI, 1.83-15.69 and 2.41 95% CI,0.86-6.74 for 46 A homozygous and composite heterozygous vs 79

关键词： β受体阻断剂急性冠状动脉综合征基因型遗传型肾上腺素能受体患者生存率

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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina hromada Patrick heimel Markus Kerbl lászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas h.Teuschl-Woller David hercher Department life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). however, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Ultra-high-Q free-space coupling to microtoroid resonators

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light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 682-695页

作者： Sartanee Suebka Euan mcleod Judith Su Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA

Whispering gallery mode(WGM)microtoroid resonators are one of the most sensitive biochemical sensors in existence,capable of detecting single *** main barrier for translating these devices out of the laboratory is that light is evanescently coupled into these devices though a tapered optical *** hinders translation of these devices as the taper is fragile,suffers from mechanical vibration,and requires precise ***,we eliminate the need for an optical fiber by coupling light into and out from a toroid via free-space coupling and monitoring the scattered resonant light.A single long working distance objective lens combined with a digital micromirror device(DMD)was used for light injection,scattered light collection,and *** obtain Q-factors as high as 1:6´108 with this *** induced transparency(EIT)-like and Fano resonances were observed in a single cavity due to indirect coupling in free *** enables improved sensing *** large effective coupling area(~10μm in diameter for numerical aperture=0.14)removes the need for precise *** performance was verified by combining the system with the frequency locked whispering evanescent resonator(FlOWER)approach to perform temperature sensing experiments.A thermal nonlinear optical effect was examined by tracking the resonance through FlOWER while adjusting the input *** believe that this work will be a foundation for expanding the implementation of WGM microtoroid resonators to real-world applications.

关键词： coupling scattered precise

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Dynamic stress concentration in an infinitely long cylindrical cavity due to a point spherical source embedded within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 139-156页

作者： h.hOSSEINI O.BAlIlAShAKI Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringGolestan University

The effects of a harmonically exciting monopole source on an infinitely long cylindrical cavity embedded entirely within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent are examined theoretically. It is assumed that the source is located outside the cavity at a specified distance from the borehole axis. The magnitudes of the hoop and radial stresses beside the pore pressures exerted on the interface and inside the porous medium surrounding the borehole are calculated and discussed. Biot's poroelastic modeling along with three types of boundary conditions for the cylindrical interface including the ideal fluid, empty borehole, and rigid inclusion with a hard boundary is employed for the analysis. Utilizing a proper translational addition theorem for expressing the incident spherical wave in terms of cylindrical wave expansions, the proposed boundary conditions at the interface are satisfied. Stresses are formulated by means of wave potential functions in a three-dimensional(3D) manner. The effects of the frequency and the radial distance between the source and borehole on the induced stresses are examined for the first cylindrical modes over frequency spectra. Two permeability conditions for the interface and three types of soils for the porous formation are considered throughout the analysis. To give an overall outline of the study, a numerical example is presented. The results clearly indicate that the distance is a key parameter and has considerable effects on the induced stress values. In addition, the interface permeability condition and soil characteristics play an important role in determining the dynamic response of the borehole. Finally,the obtained results are compared with the relevant analyses existing in the literature for some limit cases, and good agreement is achieved.

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Neuroinflammation as a therapeutic target in huntington's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 817-818页

作者： Andrea Kwakowsky Thulani h.Palpagama Center for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

In 1872, George huntington presented his essay “On Chorea” to the Meigs and Mason Academy of Medicine and, in doing so, detailed a disease that would later bear his name. huntington's disease(hD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative disease that manifests as the loss of motor control,cognitive impairment,and mood and psychiatric changes in paents.

关键词： huntington inflammation Medicine

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Assembly of multicomp on ent structures from hundreds of micron-scale building blocks using optical tweezers

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第3期7卷 163-171页

作者： Jeffrey E.Melzer Euan mcleod Wyant College of Optical Sciences The University of ArizonaTucsonArizona85721USA

The fabrication of three-dimensional(3D)microscale structures is critical for many applications,including strong and lightweight material development,medical device fabrication,microrobotics,and photonic *** 3D microfabrication has seen progress over the past decades,complex multicomponent integration with small or hierarchical feature sizes is still a *** this study,an optical positioning and linking(OPAl)platform based on optical tweezers is used to precisely fabricate 3D microstructures from two types of micron-scale building blocks linked by biochemical interactions.A computer-controlled interface with rapid on-the-fly automated recalibration routines main tains accuracy eve n after placi ng many buildi ng *** achieves a 60-nm positional accuracy by optimizing the molecular functionalization and laser power.A two-component structure consisting of 4481-pm building blocks is assembled,representing the largest number of building blocks used to date in 3D optical tweezer *** optical tweezers have previously been used for microfabrication,those results were generally restricted to single-material structures composed of a relatively small number of larger-sized building blocks,with little discussion of critical process *** is anticipated that OPAl will enable the assembly,augmentation,and repair of microstructures composed of specialty micro/nanomaterial building blocks to be used in new photonic,microfluidic,and biomedical devices.

关键词： hundreds blocks sized

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Glial response in the midcingulate cortex in huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 207-208页

作者： Thulani h.Palpagama Andrea Kwakowsky Center for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CenterUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

huntington’s disease(hD)is a genetic disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of the striatum and *** can present with a variety of symptoms that can broadly be classified into motor symptoms,inclusive of choreatic movements and rigidity,mood and psychiatric symptoms,such as depression and apathy,and cognitive symptoms,such as cognitive *** causal mutation underlying hD results from an expansion of a CAG repeat sequence on the IT15 gene,resulting in the formation and accumulation of a mutant huntingtin protein.

关键词： huntington degeneration cortex

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Ischemic penumbra in retina endures： vascular neuropathology is reconciled

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第5期11卷 737-739页

作者： David mcleod Academic Department Manchester Royal Eye Hospital and University of Manchester Centre for Ophthalmology & Vision ResearchManchester UK

A physiological state of＂normoxia＂obtains when tissue oxygen tension（pO_2）is sufficient to drive mitochondrial respiration throughout a volume of *** 30-40%of the available oxygen is normally extracted from hemogl... 详细信息

关键词： Ischemic penumbra in retina endures vascular neuropathology is reconciled

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Beginning from the end:the presynaptic terminal as a pathomechanism hub in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3217-3218页

作者： laura huggon Emma l.Clayton UK Dementia Research Institute at King’s College london LondonUK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry Psychology&NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK

Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:Frontotemporal dementia(F T D)and amyo t rophic lateral sclerosis(AlS)are neurodegenerative diseases with significant overlapping *** these neurodegenerative diseases affect different neuronal populations(with FTD affecting neurons of the frontal and temporal lobes,and AlS affecting upper and lower motor neurons),these two diseases are complexly *** and AlS exist on a disease spectrum,with shared genetic causes,clinical presentations,and pathologies.

关键词： diseases amyotrophic sclerosis

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Resilience:lessons to be learned from safety and acceptable risk

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2021年第4期2卷 253-257页

作者： Kosovac Anna Tom mcleod logan Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology The University of MelbourneAustralia Civil and Natural Resources Engineering The University of CanterburyNew Zealand

It is not unusual to see the concept of resilience housed in binary terms:Your city is either‘resilient’or *** contrast,being‘safe’is widely recognized as a statement based on‘acceptable risk’where absolute safety is *** why do we treat resilience and,as an example,the idea of“Resilient Cities”as a distinct endpoint?In this paper,we argue that this mindset is not only incongruent with current understandings of safety and risk but could create a false sense of security for systems that otherwise have been judged‘resilient’.An alternative is that we can and should consider framing resilience in the same manner as we do to *** benefit of doing this is that we can learn from the safety literature and appreciate that,like for safety,there is no such thing as absolute ***,we should be striving to constantly identify and reduce the risks to our systems and society.

关键词： Risk analysis Safety Risk assessment Resilient Resilience Urban Cities Disaster management

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