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Chilling Tendency and Chill of Cast Iron

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2008年第2期13卷 177-183页

作者： E. Fraé m. Górny W. Kapturkiewicz h. López AGh University of science and Technology University of Wisconsin-milwaukee

An analytical expression is presented for the susceptibility of liquid cast iron to solidify according to the Fe-C-X metastable system （also known as the chilling tendency of cast iron, CT）. The analysis incorporates the nucleation and growth processes associated with the eutectic transformation. The CT is related to the physicochemical state of the liquid, the eutectic cells in the flake graphite, and the number of nodules in nodular cast iron. In particular, the CT can be related to the critical wall thickness, scr, or the chill width, Wcr, in wedge shaped castings. Finally, this work serves as a guide for understanding the effect of technical factors such as the melt chemistry, the spheroidizing and inoculation practice, and the holding time and temperature on the resultant CT and chill of the cast iron. Theoretical calculations of sc, and Wc, compare well with experimental data for flake graphite and nodular cast iron.

关键词： chill chilling tendency gray cast iron nodular cast iron

Long-term tree productivity of a South Carolina coastal plain forest across a hydrology gradient

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2011年第1期4卷 67-76页

作者： William h.Conner Bo Song Thomas m.Williams Jeffery T.Vernon Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest science Clemson UniversityGeorgetownSouth Carolina 29442USA

Aims In recent years,there has been an increased interest in examining changes in forest systems in response to drought,flooding,hurricanes and climate *** the southern United States,forested wetlands are of special interest because of the extent of these *** plain forested wetlands are among the most vulnerable to these climatic *** of the problems in developing management practices for these coastal areas is the difficulty in adequately describing productivity relations and predicting how the structure and function of these communities might be affected by natural or anthropogenic *** response to environmental change often occurs over a period of years,and the majority of reported studies are for 1–3 years in *** study documents long-term changes(10 years)in structure,composition and growth along a catena of high water table forested sites of an ancient beach ridge landscape in coastal South *** Aboveground net primary production(ANPP)of trees was monitored from 2000 to 2009 on three sites within a longleaf pine-swamp blackgum forest system on the southern end of theWaccamaw Neck area of Georgetown County,*** study plots(20325 m)were established across a moisture gradient(Dry,Intermediate,and Wet).Water levels were continuously monitored,litterfall was measured monthly and growth of trees>10 cm diameter at breast height was monitored on an annual *** litterfall and tree production values were summed to provide estimates of *** Findings The study site was under severe drought conditions July 2001 through late summer 2002 and again in *** growth was affected in all three sites,but with different *** seems that diameter growth in the Wet site was more sensitive to drought conditions in 2001–02 and 2007 than either Dry or Intermediate *** droughts did not seem to have a significant impact on litterfall in the Wet site,litterfall in the Intermediat

关键词： production gum-cypress forests hydrology drought effects coastal plain forests

AB INITIO CALCULATION OF ThE ELASTIC AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Al3sc COmPOUND

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2007年第6期20卷 425-428页

作者： m. Song D.h. Xiao State Key Laboratory of Powder metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083 China

The ab initio method has been performed to explore the elastic and optical properties of Al3sc compound, based on a plane wave pseudopotential method. It can be seen that the calculated equilibrium lattice parameter and elastic constants are in reasonable agreement with the previous experimental data. The elastic constants satisfy the requirement for mechanical stability in the cubic structure of the Al3sc compound. The optical property calculations show that a strong absorptive peak exists from O-15eV and a relative small absorptive peak exists around 30eV. The form is caused by the optical transitions between high s, p, and d bands, and the latter results from the optical transitions from high s, p, and d bands to the low 2p band.

关键词： intermetallic compound Al3sc, elastic property optical property ab initio calculation

Therapeutic ACPA inhibits NET formation: a potential therapy for neutrophil-mediated inflammatory diseases

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2021年第6期18卷 1528-1544页

作者： Renato G.S.Chirivi Jos W.Gvan Rosmalen maarten van der Linden maximilien Euler Gonny schmets Galina Bogatkevich Konstantinos Kambas Jonas hahn Quinte Braster Oliver Soehnlein markus h.hoffmann helmuth h.Gvan Es Jos m.h.Raats modiQuest B.V. OssThe Netherlands Citryll B.V. OssThe Netherlands Department of Internal medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital ErlangenErlangenGermany Department of medicine Division of Rheumatology and ImmunologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Laboratory of molecular hematology Democritus University of ThraceAlexandroupoliGreece Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention(IPEK) Ludwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunichGermany German Center for Cardiovascular Research(DZhK) Partner Site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden

Excessive release of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)is associated with disease severity and contributes to tissue injury,followed by severe organ *** or genetic inhibition of NET release reduces pathology in multiple inflammatory disease models,indicating that NETs are potential therapeutic ***,we demonstrate using a preclinical basket approach that our therapeutic anti-citrullinated protein antibody(tACPA)has broad therapeutic *** with tACPA prevents disease symptoms in various mouse models with plausible NET-mediated pathology,including inflammatory arthritis(IA),pulmonary fibrosis,inflammatory bowel disease and *** show that citrulline residues in the N-termini of histones 2A and 4 are specific targets for therapeutic intervention,whereas antibodies against other N-terminal post-translational histone modifications have no therapeutic *** citrullinated histones are generated during NET release,we investigated the ability of tACPA to inhibit NET *** suppressed NET release from human neutrophils triggered with physiologically relevant human disease-related ***,tACPA diminished NET release and potentially initiated NET uptake by macrophages in vivo,which was associated with reduced tissue damage in the joints of a chronic arthritis mouse model of *** our knowledge,we are the first to describe an antibody with NET-inhibiting properties and thereby propose tACPA as a drug candidate for NET-mediated inflammatory diseases,as it eliminates the noxious triggers that lead to continued inflammation and tissue damage in a multidimensional manner.

关键词： Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Autoimmunity Citrullination Therapeutic Antibody NET inhibition

Robust nonlinear control strategy to maximize energy capture in a variable speed wind turbine with an internal induction generator

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2012年第2期10卷 184-194页

作者： Erhun IYASERE mohammed h. SALAh Darren m. DAWSON John R. WAGNER Enver TATLICIOGLU Jacobsen a Textron CompanyCharlotteNCU.S.A. Department of mechatronics Engineering Hashemite UniversityZarqaJordan Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSCU.S.A. Department of mechanical Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSCU.S.A. Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Izmir Institute of TechnologyIzmirTurkey

This paper proposes a control strategy to maximize the wind energy captured in a variable speed wind turbine, with an internal induction generator, at low to medium wind speeds. The proposed strategy controls the tipspeed ratio, via the rotor angular speed, to an optimum point at which the efficiency constant （or power coefficient） is maximum for a particular blade pitch angle and wind speed. This control method allows for aerodynan^c rotor power maximization without exact wind turbine model knowledge. Representative numerical results demonstrate that the wind turbine can be controlled to achieve near maximum energy capture.

关键词： Robust nonlinear control maximum energy capture Wind turbine

Syntheses, Crystallographic and magnetic Properties of Nd_3Fe_(29-x)Cr_x and Other Associated Compounds

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2000年第3期16卷 261-268页

作者： Xiufeng hAN and Terunobu miyazaki (Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-77, Japan) Qiyuan WANG, Jun WANG, Yude ZAN and Lanying LIN (material science Center, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of sc Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai 980-77 Japan material science Center Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China

A systematic study of syntheses and magnetic properties of the Nd_3Fe_(29-x)Cr_x (x=4.5, 4.7, 5.0, and 5.5) compounds has been performed. The single-phase compounds of Nd_3Fe_(29-x)Cr_x can be formed in the range 4.5≤ x ≤ 5.5. The Curie temperature T_C, the saturation magnetization m_s at 4.2 K, the anisotropy field h_A at 4.2 K and room temperature. and the intra-sublattice exchange coupling parameter j_(FeFe) at 4.2 K for the Nd_3Fe_(29-x)Cr_x compounds decrease with increasing Cr composition from x=4.5 to 5.5, respectively. Nitrogenation and carbonation, unlike hydrogenation. result mainly in improvements of the Curie temperature, the saturation magnetization and the anisotropy field at 4.2 K and room temperature for the Nd_3Fe_(29-x)Cr_x compounds compared with their parent compounds.

关键词： Fe Crystallographic and magnetic Properties of Nd3Fe x)Cr_x and Other Associated Compounds Syntheses Nd

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变压器的多氯联苯的代替物mIDEL合成酯

绝缘材料通讯 1990年第2期 47-48,F003页

作者： h.m.Worthington B.sc.The micanite & InSulators Co.Ltd 吴博

多氯联苯(通常缩写成PCBs不要和印制电路板的缩写词PCBs混淆)过去一直是低火险变压器和电容器的绝缘和冷却液体中的主要成份。填充了PCBs的设备可以安装在建筑物内或其它危险地区而不需配以价格昂贵的防火系统。可是在70年代初,PCBs被... 详细信息

多氯联苯(通常缩写成PCBs不要和印制电路板的缩写词PCBs混淆)过去一直是低火险变压器和电容器的绝缘和冷却液体中的主要成份。填充了PCBs的设备可以安装在建筑物内或其它危险地区而不需配以价格昂贵的防火系统。可是在70年代初,PCBs被证明能在周围环境中积聚,并可能产生有害影响而引起了国际上的关注,从而促进了安全型的代用材料的开发研究。象加拿大和美国一样,现在英国使用PCBs为基料的变压器液体的代替物已差不多有10年的经验了。另一方面,在得知即将有新的立法的压力下,欧洲的其它地方也仅在最近才停止生产填充PCBs的变压器。

关键词：变压器 mIDEL酯合成酯电工材料

Impact of dental clearance on total joint arthroplasty: A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第12期10卷 416-423页

作者： Christopher Frey Sergio m Navarro Terri Blackwell Carla Lidner h Del schutte Jr Department of Orthopedic Surgery Stanford MedicineRedwood CityCA 94063United States Department of Surgery Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Said school of Business University of Oxford Oxford OX11HPUnited Kingdom Comprehensive Joint Program Charleston Institute for Advanced OrthopedicsCharlestonSC 29464United States Dentistry Orange County Dental SocietyOrangeCA 92868United States

many orthopedic surgeons require that their patients obtain dental clearance before elective total joint arthroplasty(TJA).however,there is no consensus substantiating the *** this end,a systematic review on the prevalence of dental pathology in TJA patients,risk factors for failing dental screening,and impact of dental evaluations was *** was sourced from Pubmed and scopus *** papers were sourced from the initial search,one study was extracted from the references of the original six manuscripts,and one new publication was retrieved from a second search conducted after the *** prevalence of dental pathology ranged from 8.8%to 29.4%across *** of four papers reported lower than average or improvements in postoperative infection with pre-operative dental evaluations while two found no such *** is insufficient evidence to support universal dental clearance before TJA.

关键词： Total knee arthroplasty Total hip arthroplasty Total joint arthroplasty Periprosthetic joint infection Dental screening

An unsettling explanation for the failure of skatole-baited ovitraps to capture Culex mosquitoes

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Insect science 2019年第5期26卷 873-880页

作者： marcelo h.S.Paiva Rosangela m.R.Barbosa Suzane A.Santos Norma m.Silva marcia B.Paula Constancia F.J.Ayres Walter S.Leal Depariamento de Entomologia Instituto Aggeu MagalhaesFundagao Oswaldo CruzAv. Professor Moraes RegoRecifePEBrazil CentroAcademicodoAgreste Universidade Federalde Pernambuco CaruaruPEBrazil Departamentode Biologia Celular Embriologia e GeneticaCentro de Ciencias Biologicas Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisSC.Brazil Faculdade de Saude PCiblica Departamento de Epidemiologia Universidade de Sao PauloSao PauloSPBrazil Department of molecular and Cellular Biology University of California-DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA

Culex mosquitoes are primarily found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide where they play a crucial role as main vectors of filarial worms and arboviruses. In Recife, a northeast city in Brazil, high densities of Culex quinquefasciatus are often found in association with human populated areas. In marked contrast to another part of the city, field tests conducted in the neighborhood of Sitio dos Pintos showed that trapping of mosquitoes in skatole-baited ovitraps did not differ significantly from captures in control (water) traps. Thus, classical and molecular taxonomic approaches were used to analyze the Culex species circulating in Sitio dos Pintos. Results obtained from both approaches agreed on the cocirculation of Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex nigripalpus in three different areas of this neighborhood. What was initially considered as an unexpected failure of this lure turned out to be a more unsettling problem, that is, the first report in Recife of Culex nigripalpus, a vector of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and West Nile virus. Unplanned urbanization processes close to remnants of the Atlantic forest, such as observed in Sitio dos Pintos, may have contributed to the introduction of Cx. nigripalpus in urban areas.

关键词： Culex quinquefasciatus Culex nigripalpus dengue oviposition attractant skatole West Nile virus Zika