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Restoring nervous system structure and function using tissue engineered living scaffolds

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第5期10卷 679-685页

作者： Laura A.Struzyna James P.harris Kritika S.Katiyar h.isaac chen D.Kacy Cullen Center for Brain Injury and Repair Department of NeurosurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania Center for Neurotrauma Neurodegenerationand RestorationPhiladelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center School of Biomedical Engineering Drexel University

Neural tissue engineering is premised on the integration of engineered living tissue with the host nervous system to directly restore lost function or to augment regenerative capacity following ner- vous system injury or neurodegenerative disease. Disconnection of axon pathways - the long-distance fibers connecting specialized regions of the central nervous system or relaying peripheral signals - is a common feature of many neurological disorders and injury. however, functional axonal regenera- tion rarely occurs due to extreme distances to targets, absence of directed guidance, and the presence of inhibitory factors in the central nervous system, resulting in devastating effects on cognitive and sensorimotor function. To address this need, we are pursuing multiple strategies using tissue engi- neered ＂living scaffolds＂, which are preformed three-dimensional constructs consisting of living neural cells in a defined, often anisotropic architecture. Living scaffolds are designed to restore function by serving as a living labeled pathway for targeted axonal regeneration - mimicking key developmental mechanisms- or by restoring lost neural circuitry via direct replacement of neurons and axonal tracts. We are currently utilizing preformed living scaffolds consisting of neuronal dusters spanned by long axonal tracts as regenerative bridges to facilitate long-distance axonal regeneration and for targeted neurosurgical reconstruction of local circuits in the brain. Although there are formidable challenges in predinical and clinical advancement, these living tissue engineered constructs represent a promising strategy to facilitate nervous system repair and functional recovery.

关键词： living scaffolds neural tissue engineering cell transplant biomaterials regeneration neurotrauma neurodegeneration axon pathfinding cell migration

Estimating Critical Clearing Time of Grid Faults Using DA of State-Reduction Model of Power Systems

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 807-820页

作者： Yang Liu Zhongyang chen huanjin Yao Lin Yi Q.h.Wu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China China Southern Power Grid Research Institute Guangzhou 510663China

This paper proposes a critical clearing time (CCT) estimation method by the domain of attraction (DA) of a state-reduction model of power systems using sum of squares (SOS) programming. By exploiting the property of the Jacobian matrix and the structure of the boundary of the DA, it is found the DA of the state-reduction model and that of the full model of a power system are topological isomorphism. There are one-to-one correspondence relationships between the number of equilibrium points, the type of equilibrium points, and solutions of the two system models. Based on these findings, an expanding interior algorithm is proposed with SOS programming to estimate the DA of the state-reduction model. State trajectories of the full model can be transformed to those of the state-reduction model by orthogonal or equiradius projection. In this way, CCT of a grid fault is estimated with the DA of the state-reduction model. The calculational burden of SOS programming in the DA estimation using the state-reduction model is rather small compared with using the full model. Simulation results show the proposed expanding interior algorithm is able to provide a tight estimation of DA of power systems with higher accuracy and lower time costs.

关键词： Critical clearing time domain of attraction expanding interior algorithm state-reduction model SOS programming

Atomically Dispersed Ruthenium Catalysts with Open hollow Structure for Lithium-Oxygen Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 154-164页

作者： Xin chen Yu Zhang Chang chen huinan Li Yuran Lin Ke Yu Caiyun Nan chen chen Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute of Solid State ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875People’s Republic of China

Lithium–oxygen battery with ultrahigh theoretical energy density is considered a highly competitive next-generation energy storage device,but its practical application is severely hindered by issues such as difficult decomposition of discharge products at present.here,we have developed N-doped carbon anchored atomically dispersed Ru sites cathode catalyst with open hollow structure(h-RuNC)for Lithium–oxygen battery.On one hand,the abundance of atomically dispersed Ru sites can effectively catalyze the formation and decomposition of discharge products,thereby greatly enhancing the redox kinetics.On the other hand,the open hollow structure not only enhances the mass activity of atomically dispersed Ru sites but also improves the diffusion efficiency of catalytic molecules.Therefore,the excellent activity from atomically dispersed Ru sites and the enhanced diffusion from open hollow structure respectively improve the redox kinetics and cycling stability,ultimately achieving a high-performance lithium–oxygen battery.

关键词： Atomically dispersed Open hollow structure Discharge product Lithium Oxygen battery

Network Embedding Algorithm for Vulnerability Assessment of Power Transmission Lines Using Integrated Structure and Attribute Information

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 351-360页

作者： Xianglong Lian Tong Qian Zepeng Li Xingyu chen Wenhu Tang Q.h.Wu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

In power systems,failures of vulnerable lines can trigger large-scale cascading failures,and vulnerability assessment is dedicated to locating these lines and reducing the risks of such failures.Based on a structure and attribute network embedding(SANE)algorithm,a novel quantitative vulnerability analysis method is proposed to identify vulnerable lines in this research.First,a two-layered random walk network with topological and electrical properties of transmission lines is established.Subsequently,based on the weighted degree of nodes in the two-layered network,the inter-layer and intra-layer walking transition probabilities are developed to obtain walk sequences.Then,a Word2Vec algorithm is applied to obtain lowdimension vectors representing transmission lines,according to obtained walk sequences for calculating the vulnerability index of transmissions lines.Finally,the proposed method is compared with three widely used methods in two test systems.Results show the network embedding based method is superior to those comparison methods and can provide guidance for identifying vulnerable lines.

关键词： Network embedding random walk transmission lines vulnerability assessment

Understanding the Novel Approach of Nanoferroptosis for Cancer Therapy

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 501-556页

作者： Afsana Sheikh Prashant Kesharwani Waleed h.Almalki Salem Salman Almujri Linxin Dai Zhe‑Sheng chen Amirhossein Sahebkar Fei Gao Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchJamia HamdardNew Delhi 110062India Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmacology College of PharmacyKing Khalid University61421 Asir‑AbhaSaudi Arabia State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources Pharmacy SchoolChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611130People’s Republic of China Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt.John’s UniversityNew York 11439USA Biotechnology Research Center Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran Applied Biomedical Research Center Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran

As a new form of regulated cell death,ferroptosis has unraveled the unsolicited theory of intrinsic apoptosis resistance by cancer cells.The molecular mechanism of ferroptosis depends on the induction of oxidative stress through excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation and glutathione depletion to damage the structural integrity of cells.Due to their high loading and structural tunability,nanocarriers can escort the delivery of ferro-therapeutics to the desired site through enhanced permeation or retention effect or by active targeting.This review shed light on the necessity of iron in cancer cell growth and the fascinating features of ferroptosis in regulating the cell cycle and metastasis.Additionally,we discussed the effect of ferroptosis-mediated therapy using nanoplatforms and their chemical basis in overcoming the barriers to cancer therapy.

关键词： Ferroptosis Nanoparticles Ferrotherapy Cancer Genes Nanotechnology Toxicity Reactive oxygen species

Rational design of AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS quantum dots with a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield via double shelling scheme

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 235-242页

作者： h.X.Lu h.Liu Z.Z.Fu Y.Y.chen h.Q.Dai Z.hu W.L.Zhang R.Q.Guo Institute for Electric Light Sources School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Future Lighting Academy for Engineering and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University YiwuZhejiang 322000China Zhongshan-Fudan Joint Innovation Center Zhongshan 528437China

In this study,a two-step method was used to synthesize highly luminescent AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS quantum dots(QDs).In the first step,an inner ZnS shell was formed via a one-pot method,which resulted in a smaller lattice mismatch between the AgGaS core and the outer ZnS shell,thereby facilitating the formation of a thick outer shell.After the two-step shelling process,the synthesized AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS QDs showed an excellent photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of 96.4%with a peak wavelength of 508 nm,repre-senting the highest PLQY reported thus far for AgGaS QDs.Furthermore,the effect of halogen ions in Zn precursors on the shelling process was investigated.It was proposed that the capacity of halogen ions to coordinate with the QDs influenced the balance between Zn cation diffusion and ZnS shelling reaction.Specifically,the ZnS shelling reaction was dominant when ZnCl_(2)was employed,while Zn cation diffusion was the dominant process under the I^(−)-rich environment.This work provides insights into the interfacial restructuring during the ZnS shelling and offers a clear map for the tailored synthesis of core/shell QDs.

关键词： AgGaS Quantum dots Photoluminescence Core/shell Alloyed core/shell interface

Sex-specific facilitation and reproduction of the gynodioecious cushion plant Arenaria polytrichoides on the himalaya-hengduan mountains,SW China

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 247-255页

作者： Xufang chen Yazhou Zhang Lishen Qian Renyu Zhou hang Sun Jianguo chen State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnanChina Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation Restoration and Ecological ServicesSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingYunnanChina

When benefiting other beneficiaries,cushion plants may reciprocally receive feedback effects.The feedback effects on different sex morphs,however,remains unclear.In this study,taking the gynodioecious Arenaria polytrichiodes as a model species,we aimed to assess the sex-specific facilitation intensity of cushion plant by measuring the beneficiary cover ratio,and to assess the potential costs in cushion reproductive functions by measuring the flower and fruit cover ratios.The total beneficiary cover ratio was similar between females and hermaphrodites.Females produced much less flowers but more fruits than hermaphrodites.These results suggested that females and hermaphrodites possess similar facilitation intensity,and female cushion A.polytrichoides may allocate more resources saved from pollen production to seed production,while hermaphrodites possibly allocate more resources to pollen production hence reducing seed production.The surface areas covered by beneficiaries produced less flowers and fruits than areas without beneficiaries.In addition,strong negative correlations between beneficiary cover and flower cover were detected for both females and hermaphrodites,but the correlation strength were similar for these two sex morphs.however,the correlation between beneficiary cover and fruit cover was only significantly negative for females,suggesting that beneficiary plants negatively affect fruit reproduction of females while have neutral effects on hermaphrodites.All the results suggest that to facilitate other beneficiaries can induce reproductive costs on cushion A.polytrichoides,with females possibly suffering greater cost than hermaphrodites.Such differentiation in reproductive costs between sex morphs,in long-term perspective,may imply sex imbalance in population dynamics.

关键词： Facilitation intensity Feedback effect Sex-specific facilitation Nurse plant Population dynamics Reproductive function

Evaluation of water management on arsenic methylation and volatilization in arsenic-contaminated soils strengthened by bioaugmentation and biostimulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 515-526页

作者： Peng chen Yi Liu Guo-Xin Sun State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Arsenic(As) fate in paddy fields has been one of the most significant current issues due to the strong As accumulation potential of rice plants under fooded conditions. however,no attempt was done to explore As methylation and volatilization under non-fooded conditions. herein, we investigated the effects of water management on As methylation and volatilization in three arsenic-contaminated soils enhanced by biostimulation with strawderived organic matter and bioaugmentation with genetic engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440(GE P. putida). Under fooded conditions, the application of biochar(BC), rice straw(RS)and their combination(BC+RS) increased total As in porewater. however, these effects were greatly attenuated under non-fooded conditions. Compared with RS amendment alone, the combination of GE P. putida and RS further promoted the As methylation and volatilization,and the promotion percentage under non-fooded conditions were significantly higher than that under fooded conditions. The combined GE P. putida and RS showed the highest efficiency in As methylation(88 μg/L) and volatilization(415.4 μg/(kg·year)) in the non-fooded soil with moderate As contamination. Finally, stepwise multiple linear regression analysis presented that methylated As, DOC and p h in porewater were the most important factors contributing to As volatilization. Overall, our findings suggest that combination of bioaugmentation with GE P. putida and biostimulation with RS/BC+RS is a potential strategy for bioremediation of arsenic-contaminated soils by enhancing As methylation and volatilization under non-fooded conditions.

关键词： Arsenic methylation Arsenic volatilization Water management Straw incorporation Bioaugmentation

Tau Accumulation in the Spinal Cord Contributes to Chronic Inflammatory Pain by Upregulation of IL-1βand BDNF

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 466-482页

作者： Shuxia Zhang Yeru chen Yongjie Wang hongwei Wang Dandan Yao Gang chen Department of Anesthesiology School of MedicineSir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310016China Key Laboratory of Elemene Anti-Cancer Medicine of Zhejiang Province and holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou311121China Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province Holistic Integrative Pharmacy InstitutesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou311121China

Microtubule-associated protein Tau is responsible for the stabilization of neuronal microtubules under normal physiological conditions.Much attention has been focused on Tau’s contribution to cognition,but little research has explored its role in emotions such as pain,anxiety,and depression.In the current study,we found a significant increase in the levels of p-Tau(Thr231),total Tau,IL-1β,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)on day 7 after complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)injection;they were present in the vast majority of neurons in the spinal dorsal horn.Microinjection of Mapt-shRNA recombinant adeno-associated virus into the spinal dorsal cord alleviated CFA-induced inflammatory pain and inhibited CFA-induced IL-1βand BDNF upregulation.Importantly,Tau overexpression was sufficient to induce hyperalgesia by increasing the expression of IL-1βand BDNF.Furthermore,the activation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta partly contributed to Tau accumulation.These findings suggest that Tau in the dorsal horn could be a promising target for chronic inflammatory pain therapy.

关键词： Tau Inflammatory pain IL-1β BDNF