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Power Balance Estimation in Long Duration Discharges on QUEST

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Plasma Science and Technology 2016年第11期18卷 1069-1075页

作者： K.hANADA h.ZUShI h.idei K.NAKAMURA M.IShIGURO S.TAShIMA E.I.KALINNIKOVA Y.NAGAShIMA M.hASEGAWA A.FUJISAWA A.hIGAShIJIMA S.KAWASAKI h.NAKAShIMA O.MITARAI A.FUKUYAMA Y.TAKASE X.GAO h.LIU J.QIAN M.ONO R.RAMAN Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 816-8580Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Science Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 816-8580Japan School of Industrial Engineering Tokai UniversityKumamoto 862-8652Japan Graduate School of Technology Kyoto UniversityKyoto 615-8530Japan Graduate School of Frontier Science University of TokyoChiba 277-8561Japan Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton NJ 08540USA SAeronautics&Astronautics University of WashingtonSeattle WA 98195-2400USA

Fully non-inductive plasma start-up was successfully achieved by using a well- controlled microwave source on the spherical tokamak, QUEST. Non-inductive plasmas were maintained for approximately 3-5 min, during which time power balance estimates could be achieved by monitoring wall and cooling-water temperatures. Approximately 70%-90% of the injected power could be accounted for by calorimetric measurements and approximately half of the injected power was found to be deposited on the vessel wall, which is slightly dependent on the magnetic configuration. The power distribution to water-cooled limiters, which are expected to be exposed to local heat loads, depends significantly on the magnetic configuration, however some of the deposited power is due to energetic electrons, which have large poloidal orbits and are likely to be deposited on the plasma facing components.

关键词： steady state operation spherical tokamak plasma wall interaction power balance

Two Dimensional Density FlUCtuation Measurements During the Non-Inductive Current Ramp-up Phase in the Compact Plasma Wall Interaction Experimental Device CPD

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Plasma Science and Technology 2009年第4期11卷 397-401页

作者： h.ZUShI T.RYOUKAI K.KIKUKAWA T.MORISAKI R.BhATTAChARYAY T.YOShINAGA K.hANADA T.SAKIMURA h.idei K.DONO N.NIShINO h.hONMA S.TAShIMA T.MUTOh S.KUBO K.NAGASAKI M.SAKAMOTO Y.NAKAShIMA Y.hIGAShIZONO K.N.SATO K.NAKAMURA M.hASEGAWA S.KAWASAKI h.NAKAShIMA A.hIGAShIJIMA RIAM Kyushu University IGSES Kyushu University National Institute for Fusion Science hiroshima University Kyoto University University of Tsukuba

Two-dimensional structure of density fluctuations is examined during the current jump phase, indicating a change from the open magnetic fields to the closed ones. During the smooth current ramp-up phase the two-dimensional contour of the LiI intensity shows vertically alignment, consistent with the magnetic surfaces. At the inflection point in Ip ramp-up the LiI intensity contour becomes flat in the observation regime and then suddenly a steep gradient and higher intensity regime are formed in the vertical direction. This higher intensity corresponds to a burst of LiI waveform. According to these changes in the contour, it is found that, within ~1 ms around the burst of LiI, a low frequency coherent wave with a long wavelength rapidly grows. The relations with other signals （magnetic flux and microwave stray power） are discussed with respect to the topological change in the magnetic configuration and mode conversion of the incident electromagnetic waves.

关键词： Li sheet beam density fluctuations current ramp-up spherical tokamak

Neuroinflammation as a therapeutic target in huntington's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 817-818页

作者： Andrea Kwakowsky Thulani h.Palpagama Center for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

In 1872, George huntington presented his essay “On Chorea” to the Meigs and Mason Academy of Medicine and, in doing so, detailed a disease that would later bear his name. huntington's disease(hD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative disease that manifests as the loss of motor control,cognitive impairment,and mood and psychiatric changes in paents.

关键词： huntington inflammation Medicine

Glial response in the midcingulate cortex in huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 207-208页

作者： Thulani h.Palpagama Andrea Kwakowsky Center for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CenterUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

huntington’s disease(hD)is a genetic disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of the striatum and *** can present with a variety of symptoms that can broadly be classified into motor symptoms,inclusive of choreatic movements and rigidity,mood and psychiatric symptoms,such as depression and apathy,and cognitive symptoms,such as cognitive *** causal mutation underlying hD results from an expansion of a CAG repeat sequence on the IT15 gene,resulting in the formation and accumulation of a mutant huntingtin protein.

关键词： huntington degeneration cortex

Measurement of the Electron Bernstein Wave Emission with One of the Power Transmission Lines for ECh in LhD

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Plasma Science and Technology 2011年第4期13卷 405-409页

作者： hiroe IGAMI hiroshi idei Shin KUBO Yasuo YOShIMURA Takashi ShIMOZUMA hiromi TAKAhAShI National Institute for Fusion Science Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu University

Possibility of the measurement of radiated waves derived from the thermally emitted electron Bernstein wave （EBW） is numerically investigated based on the assumption of the super dense core （SDC） plasma generated in LhD. EBW that is thermally emitted in the electron cyclotron resonance （ECR） layer may couple with the electromagnetic wave and be emitted to the vacuum via the EBW-extraordinary-ordinary （B-X-O） mode conversion process. We consider the use of one of the transmission lines for electron cyclotron heating （ECh） in LhD as a receiving system of the emission. It is derived that the waves in the fundamental cyclotron frequency range are emitted as the EBW near their upper hybrid resonance （UhR） layer outside the last close flux surface （LCFS）. On the other hand, waves in the second harmonics cyclotron frequency range are emitted in the core region. It means that successful measurement of waves of the second harmonic frequency range emitted from extremely high dense core plasma with setting an aim angle for receiving indicates a possibility of the second harmonic ECh by EBW in the core region with setting the same aim angle and the same polarization for launching.

关键词： LhD electron cyclotron heating (ECh) electron Bernstein wave (EBW) high density plasma

Does mesenchymal stem cell’s secretome affect spinal sensory circuits?Implication for pain therapies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 181-183页

作者： Francesco Ferrini Esri h.Juárez Adalberto Merighi Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience UniversitéLavalQuébec CityQCCanada

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are multipotent adult stem cells of mesodermal origin that can be isolated from various tissues,including bone marrow,tooth pulp,adipose tissue,and umbilical *** have gained significant attention in regenerative medicine due to their ability to modulate the immune system and favor tissue *** enrich the medium in which they are cultivated with a broad range of bioactive molecules,including growth factors,cytokines,chemokines,enzymes,nucleic acids,and extracellular vesicles that collectively compose the MSC *** increasing number of pre-clinical studies suggest that delivering in vivo an MSC-conditioned medium(i.e.,the medium collected from MSC cultures after at least 3 days of exposure)exerts neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of neurological conditions.

关键词： protective clinical collective

Roles and regulation of bone morphogenetic protein-7 in kidney development and diseases

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2016年第9期8卷 288-296页

作者： Taro Tsujimura Mana idei Masahiro Yoshikawa Osamu Takase Keiichi hishikawa Department of Advanced Nephrology and Regenerative Medicine Division of Tissue EngineeringUniversity of Tokyo Hospital

The gene encoding bone morphogenetic protein-7(BMP7) is expressed in the developing kidney in embryos and also in the mature organ in adults. During kidney development, expression of BMP7 is essential to determine the final number of nephrons in and proper size of the organ. The secreted BMP7 acts on the nephron progenitor cells to exert its dual functions: To maintain and expand the progenitor population and to provide them with competence to respond to differentiation cues, each relying on distinct signaling pathways. Intriguingly, in the adult organ, BMP7 has been implicated in protection against and regeneration from injury. Exogenous administration of recombinant BMP7 to animal models of kidney diseases has shown promising effects in counteracting inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis evoked upon injury. Although the expression pattern of BMP7 has been well described, the mechanisms by which it is regulated have remained elusive and the processes by which the secretion sites of BMP7 impinge upon its functions in kidney development and diseases have not yet been assessed. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms will pave the way towards gaining better insight into the roles of BMP7, and to achieving desired control of the gene expression as a therapeutic strategy for kidney diseases.

关键词： Bone morphogenetic protein-7 Therapeutics Kidney Development Nephron progenitor cells Disease Regeneration Chromatin conformation Gene expression Gene regulation

Non-Inductive Start up of QUEST Plasma by RF Powert

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Plasma Science and Technology 2011年第3期13卷 307-311页

作者： K. hANADA h. ZUShI h. idei K. NAKAMURA M. IShIGURO S. TAShIMA E. I. KALINNIKOVA M. SAKAMOTO M. hASEGAWA A. FUJISAWA A. hIGAShIJIMA S. KAWASAKI h. NAKAShIMA h. LIU O. MITARAI T. MAEKAWA A. FUKUYAM Y. TAKASE J. QIAN Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu University Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Science Kyushu University Japan School of Industrial Engineering Tokai University Japan Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University Japan Graduate School of Technology Kyoto University Japan Graduate School of Frontier Science University of Tokyo Japan Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Both start-up and sustainment of plasma were successfully achieved by fully non- inductive current drive using microwave with a frequency of 8.2 Ghz. Plasmas current of 15 kA was implemented for 1 s. Magnetic surface reconstruction exhibited a plasma shape with an aspect ratio of below 1.5. The plasma current was dependent significantly on the launched microwave power and vertical magnetic field, while not affected by the mode of launched wave and the toroidal refractive index. hard X-ray （hXR） emitted from energetic electrons accelerated by the microwave was observed, and the discharge with a plasma current over 4 kA followed the same trend as the number of photons of 10 keV to 12 keV. This suggests that the plasma current may be driven by energetic electrons. Based on the experimental conditions, alternative explanations of how the plasma current could be driven are discussed.

关键词： steady-state operation of spherical tokamak non-inductive current drive QUEST

Initial testing of ohmic heating through double flux swing during electron cyclotron start-up in the QUEST spherical tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第5期25卷 31-36页

作者：张逸凡 Takumi ONChI Kazuo NAKAMURA 岳其霖 Takahiro NAGATA Shoji KAWASAKI Kengoh KURODA Makoto hASEGAWA Ryuya IKEZOE Takeshi IDO Kazuaki hANADA hiroshi idei Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu UniversityKasuga 816-8580Japan Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu UniversityKasuga 816-8580Japan

A power-supply system was developed for Ohmic heating(Oh)to double×10^(18)the amount of change magnetic flux in the primary central solenoid(CS)on the QUEST spherical *** power supplies are connected with stacks of insulated-gate bipolar transistors,and sequentially operated to generate positive and negative CS *** bipolar power-supply system is controlled via a field-programmable gate array,which guarantees the safety of the entire system *** new Oh system,assisted by electron cyclotron heating,enables the stable generation of plasma currents exceeding 100 k ***,the achieved electron density over the wide range in the major radial direction exceeds the cut-off density for one of the highpower microwave sources in *** strategy yields target plasmas for future experiments with the electron Bernstein wave.

关键词： spherical tokamak ohmic heating electron cyclotron heating FPGA